Powder Technology最新文献_第9页

Experimental investigation of bed hydrodynamics of a pilot scale dual fluidized bed system 中试双流化床系统床层流体力学试验研究

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121664

Mrinmoy Kumar Sarmah , Rabindra Kangsha Banik , Vikas Kumar Thakur , Anshul Soni , Subrata Kumar Majumder , Pankaj Kalita

{"title":"Experimental investigation of bed hydrodynamics of a pilot scale dual fluidized bed system","authors":"Mrinmoy Kumar Sarmah , Rabindra Kangsha Banik , Vikas Kumar Thakur , Anshul Soni , Subrata Kumar Majumder , Pankaj Kalita","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a scale-up cold flow model (CFM) of a 25 kW capacity equivalent dual fluidized bed (DFB) system has been developed based on the successful operation of a 3.5 kW capacity system. The system has been developed to experimentally investigate the bed hydrodynamics and optimize the operating parameters (superficial velocities, solid inventory, and solid circulation rate (SCR)). Therefore, experiments have been performed using olivine (particle size: 425 μm) as the bed material by varying solid inventories (25–45 kg) and SCR (5.5–14.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>s). The results of the investigation are interpreted in terms of pressure drop, bed voidage, solid holdup, and suspension density, and finally, a non-dimensional correlation has been developed for SCR. Based on the investigation, it has been observed that an increase in solid inventory and superficial velocity of the riser mainly influences the SCR. Further, optimum operating conditions (inventory: 35 kg, gasifier air flow rate: 0.006 m<sup>3</sup>/s, primary and secondary air flow rate of riser: 0.03–0.04 m<sup>3</sup>/s, 0.01 m<sup>3</sup>/s and SCR: 10–14 kg/m<sup>2</sup>s) have also been identified for hot bed experiments. This investigation is very important during hot bed operation of same geometry, which involves a host of exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions. It is expected that gasification of pellets produced from biomass and coal mixture will deliver maximum syngas at optimized hydrodynamic conditions, which can be further utilized for sustainable power generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121664"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of waste Eucalyptus-derived biochar for sustainable low-carbon and carbon-negative geopolymer: Drying shrinkage, mechanical performance, and acid resistance 废弃桉树衍生生物炭在可持续低碳和负碳地聚合物中的应用：干燥收缩率、机械性能和耐酸性能

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121677

Yuekai Xie , Chenman Wang , Yingying Guo , Hanwen Cui , Jianfeng Xue

{"title":"Application of waste Eucalyptus-derived biochar for sustainable low-carbon and carbon-negative geopolymer: Drying shrinkage, mechanical performance, and acid resistance","authors":"Yuekai Xie , Chenman Wang , Yingying Guo , Hanwen Cui , Jianfeng Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the highly porous, lightweight, and carbon-negative nature, biochar can be potentially used as an internal curing agent for sustainable geopolymer production. This paper studied the drying shrinkage, mechanical behaviour, and acid resistance of geopolymer pastes introduced with coarse (1.18 mm) and fine (0.425 mm) Eucalyptus-derived biochar and cured under 40 and 80 °C. The inclusion of coarse biochar declined the strength of the geopolymer despite the curing temperatures. The 28-day drying shrinkage was mitigated by 13.2 % to 15.9 % and 3.8 % to 5.4 % under 40 and 80 °C curing, respectively. The introduction of 2.5 % and 5 % fine biochar under 40 °C curing increased the compressive strength by 6 % and 12 %, respectively. The flexural strength was enhanced by 5 % with 2.5 % fine biochar. The enhancements in the mechanical performance were associated with the improved geopolymerisation induced by the internal curing effects of biochar, which can be verified by the microstructure analysis. After being exposed to 5 % sulfuric acid for 360 days, the samples with 2.5 % fine biochar demonstrated less mass loss, increased compressive strength, and improved strength retention ratio. The carbon emissions of the geopolymer were reduced by 27.9 % to 30.9 % with 2.5 % biochar. Increasing dosages of biochar to 10 % produced carbon-negative geopolymer (−34.5 to −10.9 kg CO<sub>2</sub>/m<sup>3</sup>). The above results indicated that incorporating biochar in geopolymer could potentially be a viable solution to produce low-carbon geopolymer with improved shrinkage, mechanical, and durability properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Euler-Lagrange simulation of massive aluminum particles and agglomerates combustion in a realistic solid rocket motor environment 固体火箭发动机环境下大质量铝颗粒和团聚体燃烧的欧拉-拉格朗日模拟

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121685

Yanjun Bai , He Chen , Xueting Wu , Wenjing Yang , Fanhui Zhu , Kaiwei Chu , Yan Ba

{"title":"Euler-Lagrange simulation of massive aluminum particles and agglomerates combustion in a realistic solid rocket motor environment","authors":"Yanjun Bai , He Chen , Xueting Wu , Wenjing Yang , Fanhui Zhu , Kaiwei Chu , Yan Ba","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a solid rocket combustor, the aluminum particles often aggregate into larger agglomerates near the burning surface, which contributes to the distributed combustion of aluminum during the flow. This distributed manner influences the overall core flow and adds complexity to the combustion behavior. Therefore, it is crucial to account for the effects of this distributed combustion and agglomerate formation in computational modeling. In this work, based on the Euler-Lagrange model, the aluminum agglomerate combustion model is established with consideration for the smoke phase and alumina cap, which would provide a precise prediction of the particle distributed combustion. Using a typical motor setup, the multiphase reacting flow field is simulated and the particle distributed combustion is captured as the large agglomerates continue to combust in the whole flow field. With massive particle group, from 10<sup>8</sup> to 10<sup>12</sup>, the aluminum particle group combusting flow is numerically studied and reveals the non-neglected particle collective dynamics, as the reacting flow field shows obvious difference. Three typical agglomerate size distributions are investigated; the comparative results indicate the agglomerate has significant effects on combustion efficiency and motor performance, and the size distribution shows combined effects from the different size agglomerates, which indicates the importance of identifying the predominant sizes in each distribution. This work provides valuable insights into how agglomerate size and distribution influence combustion behavior in real motor conditions, emphasizing the importance of incorporating these factors into combustion modeling for more accurate predictions of motor performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121685"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating electrohydrodynamic flow and particle behavior: The role of angle between electric wind and primary airflow in electrostatic precipitators 研究电流体动力流动和粒子行为：电除尘器中电风与一次气流夹角的作用

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121683

Heng Shen , Wanxuan Yu , Weihao Wang , Yonghao Zheng , Guanzhong Hou , Yanming Kang

{"title":"Investigating electrohydrodynamic flow and particle behavior: The role of angle between electric wind and primary airflow in electrostatic precipitators","authors":"Heng Shen , Wanxuan Yu , Weihao Wang , Yonghao Zheng , Guanzhong Hou , Yanming Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An integrated numerical model is proposed to investigate the influence of the angular difference (<em>θ</em>) between the primary airflow and ionic wind on flow patterns, particle transport, and deposition in electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), particularly in comfigurations with discharge needles. The model, implemented in ANSYS Fluent v19.3.0 with the RNG <em>k-ε</em> turbulence closure and <em>Q</em>-criterion vortex analysis, incorporates the electric body force obtained by solving the electric field equations. The results indicate that <em>θ</em> exerts a much stronger influence on ion charge density than on electric field strength. As <em>θ</em> deviates from 90°, the diffusion of ion charge density increases. For <em>θ</em> < 90°, the enhanced ion charge density facilitates earlier particle charging, thereby improving particle removal efficiency. Altering <em>θ</em> also alters the isovortex surfaces, forming vortex rings and large-scale counter-rotating vortex pairs, which generate helical gas flow that affects particle transport and deposition. Particle removal efficiency first increases with <em>θ</em> and then decreases, peaking at <em>θ</em> = 60° for all particle diameters. Moreover, increasing <em>θ</em> or particle diameter results in more regular deposition patterns on the collecting surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

YOLO-SE-A: An innovative machine vision approach for low concentration detection of slurry YOLO-SE-A：一种用于低浓度浆料检测的创新机器视觉方法

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121668

Chuanzhen Wang , Fengcheng Jiang , Lingyun Liu , Xinyi Wang , Andile Khumalo , Wenjun Wang , Yalei Xu , Md. Shakhaoath Khan

{"title":"YOLO-SE-A: An innovative machine vision approach for low concentration detection of slurry","authors":"Chuanzhen Wang , Fengcheng Jiang , Lingyun Liu , Xinyi Wang , Andile Khumalo , Wenjun Wang , Yalei Xu , Md. Shakhaoath Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flocculation-sedimentation of coal slurry is vital for the efficient utilization of coal. However, the detection technology for low concentration clarification layers during the settlement process suffers limitations such as low accuracy and large lag times. Thus, the present work was aimed at developing a new machine vision method for the 0–1000 mg/L concentration range detection for slurry. Firstly, the high-quality video images were acquired with camera focus of 20 cm, distance between light and camera of 10 cm, and light intensity of 35 Klux. The process of Framing→Cropping→Bilateral filtering→CLAHE equalization→Weighted average grayscale→Mosaic augmentation was designed to obtain the feature dataset of slurry. Compared before and after processing, the RMS contrast, Laplacian variance, entropy and training-size of dataset increased 30.4 %, 1.2 %, 12.8 % and 25 %, respectively. Secondly, the combination of Squeeze-and-Excitation and Anchor boxes was embedded into the classical YOLOv5 model to develop a new YOLOv5-SE-A algorithm, which showed good convergence with object loss of 0.0016, classification loss of 0.0038 and bounding box loss of 0.0025. Compared to YOLOv5, the novel algorithm improved performance in Precision, mAP50, and Recall with increasing absolute values of 3.17 %, 3.27 %, 5.47 %, respectively. Thirdly, laboratory validation through accuracy analysis and confusion matrices confirmed the exceptional performance of YOLOv5-SE-A, with a 97.3 % average detection accuracy and a maximum 2.7 % misidentification rate. Compared to conventional YOLO architectures, the proposed model achieves superior metrics (97.38 % precision, 95.69 % mAP, 98.57 % recall) while sustaining real-time processing at 31 fps. Finally, the successful industrial application of YOLOv5-SE-A demonstrated its advantage and application potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121668"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into the suppression of p-nitrotoluene explosions by a novel urea–NH4H2PO4 modified dry water powder 新型尿素- nh4h2po4改性干水粉抑制对硝基甲苯爆炸的机理研究

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121674

Songling Jin , Rong Hu , Wei Gao , Haipeng Jiang , Guoliang Li , Mingshu Bi , Xiaoye Geng , Zhangqiang Dong

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into the suppression of p-nitrotoluene explosions by a novel urea–NH4H2PO4 modified dry water powder","authors":"Songling Jin , Rong Hu , Wei Gao , Haipeng Jiang , Guoliang Li , Mingshu Bi , Xiaoye Geng , Zhangqiang Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel urea-NH<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> modified dry water powder (U<img>N MDW powder) was developed to mitigate dust explosions induced by p-nitrotoluene. The explosion suppression performance of the U<img>N MDW powder was assessed using both experiments and numerical simulations. Suppression experiments were conducted in a 120 L explosion vessel with p-nitrotoluene powder. Results showed that a concentration of 500 g/m<sup>3</sup> of U<img>N MDW powder could completely suppress the explosion. ReaxFF molecular dynamics and reaction kinetics simulations demonstrated that U<img>N MDW powder suppressed the rapid cleavage of nitro and methyl groups in p-nitrotoluene molecules. It also suppressed oxidative ring-opening pathways in the benzene ring. This disruption weakened the chain reaction mechanism underlying the decomposition of p-nitrotoluene. The decomposition products of U<img>N MDW powder effectively scavenged key radicals involved in the explosion process. Through catalytic cyclic reactions (PO⇔HPO, PO<sub>2</sub>⇔HOPO, PO<sub>3</sub>⇔HPO<sub>3</sub>, and HPO<sub>3</sub>⇔PO(OH)<sub>2</sub>), these products continuously quenched radicals that sustain flame propagation or converted them into stable species such as CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O. The U<img>N MDW powder exhibited significant suppression effects on p-nitrotoluene dust explosions. The findings offer important implications for enhancing the elimination and mitigation of combustion and explosion risks associated with nitro-containing hazardous chemicals during their production, storage, transportation, and disposal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121674"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic characteristics analysis and optimization of track-soil interaction based on DEM-MBD coupling method 基于DEM-MBD耦合法的轨道-土壤相互作用动力特性分析与优化

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121678

Jianbo Guo , Shuai Wang , Zhiyuan Guo , Jianlong Pan , Guoqiang Wang , Zeren Chen , Zhengbin Liu , Shuwei Wu , Wei Guan

{"title":"Dynamic characteristics analysis and optimization of track-soil interaction based on DEM-MBD coupling method","authors":"Jianbo Guo , Shuai Wang , Zhiyuan Guo , Jianlong Pan , Guoqiang Wang , Zeren Chen , Zhengbin Liu , Shuwei Wu , Wei Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of coupling modeling between tracked chassis and terrain is of great significance for virtual-physical mapping and intelligent design. This paper establishes a high-precision simulation model for track-soil interaction based on the coupling of discrete element method (DEM) and multi-body dynamics(MBD). The model's reliability was validated through experiments, and the coupling behavior between the track and soil was thoroughly investigated. Based on the validated model, the response surface method was used to reveal the influence of key structural parameters, such as grouser height and track width, and motion parameters, such as sprocket speed and pre-tension force, on the chassis performance. To enable intelligent optimization of tracked chassis performance, a nonlinear surrogate model based on neural networks was developed, and multi-objective optimization was carried out using the genetic algorithm. The optimization results indicate that, while maintaining traction performance, the driving torque was reduced by 17.38 %, soil sinkage was reduced by 41.38 %, and the increase in track tension was controlled within 14.94 %. The proposed optimization strategy based on intelligent algorithms significantly improves the comprehensive performance of the tracked chassis in terms of energy consumption, terrain adaptability, and system reliability, offering valuable insights for the intelligent design of construction machinery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121678"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Movement Features of Particles of Solid Insoluble Impurities in Aqueous Suspensions 水悬浮液中固体不溶性杂质颗粒的运动特征

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121680

G.V. Kuznetsov , M.E. Mikulich , P.A. Strizhak

{"title":"Movement Features of Particles of Solid Insoluble Impurities in Aqueous Suspensions","authors":"G.V. Kuznetsov , M.E. Mikulich , P.A. Strizhak","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid insoluble impurities in water represent a heterogeneous group of mechanical contaminants present in the form of suspensions or colloidal particles of various origins, sizes, and chemical compositions. Their presence significantly affects the organoleptic properties of water and may also cause complications in technological processes. This paper presents the results of experimental studies on the behavior of solid insoluble impurity particles (active and inactive metals, their oxides, carbonaceous particles, mineral components, plastics, and other impurities) in aqueous suspensions under sedimentation and flotation conditions. Generalization of the experimental results made it possible to predict potential concentration ranges of impurities in contaminated water layers using dimensionless complexes. Collective effects of particle sedimentation and flotation in the presence of multiple impurity types were identified. Mathematical expressions derived from the experimental data enable prediction of the influence of key input parameters (properties, sizes, and concentrations of impurities) on sedimentation and flotation characteristics, which significantly modify the structure of contaminated wastewater and technological water layers. The expressions obtained from the experiments can be applied to optimize purification processes, providing more accurate forecasts of impurity removal efficiency under varying conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 121680"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molerus and Wirth's heat transfer model for bubbling fluidized beds: Proposal for an extended model including immersed tube banks and particle cross-flow Molerus和Wirth的鼓泡流化床传热模型：包含沉管组和颗粒横流的扩展模型的建议

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121670

Stefan Thanheiser

{"title":"Molerus and Wirth's heat transfer model for bubbling fluidized beds: Proposal for an extended model including immersed tube banks and particle cross-flow","authors":"Stefan Thanheiser","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While there are many semi-empirical correlations for estimating the wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficient in a fluidized bed, most are only usable in a limited range of operating conditions. The correlation developed by Molerus and Wirth (1997) provides the most expansive and successful model; however, it does not consider the influence of the properties of an immersed tube bank or a horizontal movement of particles (cross-flow). This study expands Molerus and Wirth's correlation to include these additional influencing factors by identifying and introducing new dimensionless factors using dimensional analysis. Collected secondary data and measurements from a test rig were used to evaluate the extended model. The model's estimates largely align with the collected secondary data and previously published models describing the influence of tube diameter and tube packing density on the wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficient. The model also provides new insight into the conditions under which a particle cross-flow contributes significantly to the wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficient. Future research should use these findings to conduct targeted measurements and further improve the model's predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impacts of physical activity levels on the deposition and transportation of air pollutants of different sources in the human lungs 体育活动水平对不同来源的空气污染物在人体肺部沉积和运输的影响

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121679

Arman Mirzaaghaian, Ming Zhao, Kejun Dong

{"title":"The impacts of physical activity levels on the deposition and transportation of air pollutants of different sources in the human lungs","authors":"Arman Mirzaaghaian, Ming Zhao, Kejun Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of air pollutants on the human lungs' health are significant and are becoming increasingly alarming in megacities. The most common pollutants are dust, traffic emissions, and smoke. In this paper, the deposition and transportation of these pollutants of sizes ranging from 2 μm to 10 μm under various physical activity levels in a realistic human lung model are investigated numerically. Three realistic breathing profiles representing three physical activity levels, Eupnea (rest), Walking, and Hyperpnea (exercise), are investigated. It is revealed that, in addition to the pollutant size and type, the physical activity level is vital in determining the deposition rate and location of the pollutants in the upper respiratory tract (URT). For instance, the deposition rate of 7 μm dust is 70 % under the Hyperpnea condition; however, this value is 23 % under the Eupnea condition. This study presents a clear picture of how and to what extent the physical activity levels can affect the damage from the pollutants of different sizes and types to the human lungs. The outcomes of the presented research can benefit the preventive actions in reducing the damage to individuals' lungs and the prognosis of respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 121679"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0