Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe最新文献_第4页

Fear of Others: Processes of (De)Securitisation in Northern Ireland 对他人的恐惧:北爱尔兰的(去)证券化过程

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.53779/rpar7665

A. Carlà

{"title":"Fear of Others: Processes of (De)Securitisation in Northern Ireland","authors":"A. Carlà","doi":"10.53779/rpar7665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53779/rpar7665","url":null,"abstract":"Situated at the junction between the field of ethnic politics, security studies, and migration, this paper analyses processes of (de)securitisation in Northern Ireland. The country is characterised by its violent past, consociational power-sharing institutions, experience with periods of political instability, and the recent arrival of several thousand people from other EU and non-EU countries. As a case study, Northern Ireland epitomises the problems of divided societies and the challenges posed by the presence of competing nationalisms in multinational and ever more diversifying countries. This paper applies the concept of (de)securitisation to analyse the extent to which past conflicts and tensions have been overcome; uncovering who or what is perceived as a threat, according to which terms, and how this affects majority-minority relations. To conduct the analysis, I adopt the Copenhagen School understanding of securitisation as a speech act. I use a qualitative methodology, examining (de)securitising discourses that emerged in the party programmes of the main political forces which won seats in the Northern Ireland Assembly in 2017 and in previous elections since 1998. I look at the evolution and transformation of such discourses since the Good Friday Agreement of 1998 to today, bringing to light the different security narratives that characterise Northern Ireland concerning the divisions and relationship among its communities and the broader issue of diversity.","PeriodicalId":407952,"journal":{"name":"Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122774789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On Security, Minorities, and Opportunistic Narcissism 论安全、少数民族和机会主义自恋

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.53779/hgsf5693

Stavroula Pipyrou

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Crisis and ontological insecurity – Serbia’s anxiety over Kosovo’s secession 书评:危机和本体论的不安全感——塞尔维亚对科索沃分裂的焦虑

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.53779/werf7723

Marika Djolai, Elizabeth Reimers

引用次数: 2

Theorising ‘Good Personhood’ in Rural Kosovo: Inconspicuous Coexistence and Local Serb Responses to Security and Identity Dilemmas 科索沃农村“良好人格”的理论化:不显眼的共存和当地塞族对安全和身份困境的反应

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.53779/hyqo7008

F. Trupia

{"title":"Theorising ‘Good Personhood’ in Rural Kosovo: Inconspicuous Coexistence and Local Serb Responses to Security and Identity Dilemmas","authors":"F. Trupia","doi":"10.53779/hyqo7008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53779/hyqo7008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the everyday experiences, perceptions, and practices of Kosovo Serbs residing in the rural fabric of Southeast Kosovo with regard to security-related issues. Building on previous qualitative social research conducted in Central Kosovo, it particularly investigates how local responses of ordinary Serbs reflect a certain pragmatic performativity in the face of Kosovo Albanians. In-depth interviews and focus groups were held with locals, while field observation was conducted to construct locally nuanced knowledge about the relations between ordinary Serbs, their identity, and the surrounding landscape. Similar to the Central Kosovo study’s findings, the results confirm that in Southeast Kosovo, local Serbs neither displayed nor unfolded forms of vernacularism or disloyalty toward Kosovo Albanians. Conversely, they were found reflecting on potential creative solutions for tackling poverty and underdevelopment in the hope of avoiding replications of post-1999 Kosovo War ideologies emanated by respective national media coverages and political rhetoric. Moreover, it is argued that security experts have de facto overlooked untapped processes of present-day interethnic coexistence and resilience between Serbs and Albanians in the rural fabric by largely giving salience to the tense atmosphere in the Serb-majority urban clusters of North Kosovo. In fact, results also show that Kosovo Serbs pragmatically perform an account of quotidian practices for restoring a sense and self-image of ‘personhood’ in the eyes of the ‘ethnic other’. Employing a research approach that aimed at avoiding unnecessary ethnicisation, this paper sheds light on a peace potential and true civic responsibility that emerged spontaneously from Kosovo Serb voices. Overall, the paper lays the ground for debating the notion of ‘personhood’ as a lens through which to unravel inconspicuous yet present interethnic coexistence in post-conflict Kosovo.","PeriodicalId":407952,"journal":{"name":"Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125159666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Physical, Biological and Cultural Dimensions of Genocide: An Expansive Interpretation of the Crime? 种族灭绝的物理、生物和文化层面:对罪行的广义解释?

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53779/cnwq2236

Pablo Gavira Díaz

{"title":"The Physical, Biological and Cultural Dimensions of Genocide: An Expansive Interpretation of the Crime?","authors":"Pablo Gavira Díaz","doi":"10.53779/cnwq2236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53779/cnwq2236","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deconstructs the definition of genocide provided for by Article II of the Genocide Convention with a view to assessing whether an expanding scope of the crime is possible. The current definition of genocide does not seem to correspond with the original conception of the term, which finds its roots in Raphael Lemkin’s writings, the “father” of the Genocide Convention. Lemkin envisaged three forms of genocide, namely physical, biological, and cultural, so as to convey a concrete idea of the number of faces that genocide could show over time. The drafters of the Genocide Convention largely discussed the three-dimensional structure of genocide, which, in the end, did not reach a consensus when pondering the inclusion of a cultural component within the so-called crime of crimes. This notwithstanding, there are still some remnants of the cultural dimension within the current definition of genocide, although it reads differently as initially envisioned. In addition, this paper introduces the reader to some of the examples that in recent years have dealt explicitly or implicitly with the question of ‘cultural genocide’, whose definition has never been clearly determined. This is certainly problematic inasmuch as there is no unanimity in the scope of the term, as was evidenced throughout the discussions which preceded the adoption of the Genocide Convention. Broadly speaking, the notion of ‘cultural genocide’ appears to refer to an intent to destroy, entirely, or partially, the cultural traits which characterise the modus vivendi of a certain group, encompassing both tangible and intangible attributes. In this regard, this article also considers different alternatives which might circumvent the strict definition of genocide in order to subsume similar offences against the cultural characteristics of a group within other serious crimes under international law.","PeriodicalId":407952,"journal":{"name":"Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124022647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Facing Post-Communist Religiosity: Questioning And Shifting Religious Identity Among Yezidi Women From Armenia and Georgia 面对后共产主义宗教:亚美尼亚和格鲁吉亚雅兹迪妇女宗教身份的质疑和转变

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53779/aanj3698

Boris Komakhidze, S. Fatemi

{"title":"Facing Post-Communist Religiosity: Questioning And Shifting Religious Identity Among Yezidi Women From Armenia and Georgia","authors":"Boris Komakhidze, S. Fatemi","doi":"10.53779/aanj3698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53779/aanj3698","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to understand the post-Communist religious transformations that determine the process of questioning and shifting religious identity among Yezidi women from Armenia and Georgia. We discuss gender and religiosity in relation to the internal and external social and political context as influenced by Soviet atheism. The status of women among Yezidis is constructed by traditional religious norms and societal structures, which are influenced by the ideological politics (Communism, post-Communism) of the state of residence. Our findings show that Yezidis, like other religious communities in post-Soviet Armenia and Georgia, are actively involved in the institutionalization of religious norms. The institutionalization of religion within transitive society seems to have the potential to lead to a decline in trust, resulting in the establishment of new institutions, the separation of personal attribution and religious normative practices, and serves as a catalyst for questioning and changing religious identity. In particular, the article aims to understand how post-Communist religious transformations have re/shaped the identity of Yezidi women from Georgia and Armenia, as well as how the internal and external social contexts impact this course of action. We argue that changing political ideologies (Communism, which granted rights to Yezidi women), the pluralization of religiosity, and the systematization of religious norms pushed Yezidi women to question their religious identity, which was permitted after the disintegration of the Soviet Union and circulates the social norms (caste system, religious restrictions, the status of women) of Yezidism.","PeriodicalId":407952,"journal":{"name":"Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115137986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book review: The Palgrave Handbook of Minority Languages and Communities 书评:《帕尔格雷夫少数民族语言和社区手册》

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53779/jrfg7722

Craig Willis

引用次数: 0

A Paradox in the Accessibility of Basic Education Among Minority Pastoralist Communities in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚少数民族牧民社区基础教育可及性的悖论

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53779/hprm0030

Placidius Ndibalema

{"title":"A Paradox in the Accessibility of Basic Education Among Minority Pastoralist Communities in Tanzania","authors":"Placidius Ndibalema","doi":"10.53779/hprm0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53779/hprm0030","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights key barriers to the accessibility of basic education among pastoralist communities in Tanzania. It addresses the existing policy requirements in provision of basic education and the mismatch with actual practices which create a dilemma as far as learning for children in pastoralist communities is concerned. A number of factors have been addressed, which include inappropriate cultural values among parents in pastoralist communities as well as other systemic factors. Pupils’ dropout, conflicts, the long distance to school and inappropriate learning environments have been mentioned as some of the inhibitive factors influencing inequalities in accessing basic education in pastoralist communities in Tanzania. Overall, this paper interrogates the existing paradox between policy statements and the actual strategies for providing basic education among vulnerable minority pastoralist pupils. This article recommends deliberate investment and prioritisation of the learning agenda for minority children in pastoralist communities. Specific emphasis should be placed on the utilisation of technology by establishing mobile digital learning solutions to cater for the learning needs of children in these communities.","PeriodicalId":407952,"journal":{"name":"Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116516210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Media Language Planning During a Pandemic – the Influence of Covid-19 on Language Recommendations to Swedish Media in Finland 大流行期间的媒体语言规划——Covid-19对芬兰瑞典媒体语言建议的影响

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53779/sfjk2096

Jenny Stenberg-Sirén

{"title":"Media Language Planning During a Pandemic – the Influence of Covid-19 on Language Recommendations to Swedish Media in Finland","authors":"Jenny Stenberg-Sirén","doi":"10.53779/sfjk2096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53779/sfjk2096","url":null,"abstract":"A global crisis, like the Covid-19 pandemic, can change not only societies but also languages by a great input of new terminology. For speakers of a minority language, media is in a key position to provide them with these new words in their own language. In the case of Finland-Swedish, the Swedish media in Finland is helped by professional language advisers in this language planning task. This study analyses the media language management in Finland-Swedish media, through a content analysis of language recommendations published between February 2020 and April 2021, as well as interviews with media language advisers. The analysis shows that about a quarter of the language recommendations published during these 15 months are coronavirus-related. The topics in the recommendations follow the development of the outbreak in Finland, showing how closely the language advisers work with the news organizations. Contrary to normal situations, the Finland-Swedish media language advisers could not fully rely on the language recommendations from Sweden, due to their different Covid-19 strategies. Instead, the norm authorities were experts in ministries and official institutions, illustrating how language planning is done collectively. The Finland-Swedish journalists rely heavily on the media language recommendations, showing a certain linguistic insecurity, which according to Muhr (2012) is typical for speakers of non-dominant varieties of a pluricentric language.","PeriodicalId":407952,"journal":{"name":"Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123353469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ceramic Frogs: A Form of Indirect Discrimination Against Roma 陶瓷青蛙:对罗姆人的一种间接歧视

Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53779/ikcb5455

Isabel Meireles

{"title":"Ceramic Frogs: A Form of Indirect Discrimination Against Roma","authors":"Isabel Meireles","doi":"10.53779/ikcb5455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53779/ikcb5455","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses a peculiar practice that exists in Portugal, which consists of displaying ceramic frogs at the entrance of shops and restaurants in order to keep Roma customers away—taking advantage of the negative connotation of frogs in the Romani tradition. Aiming to contribute to the discussion of a topic that is not widely explored in literature, this research looks at the use of ceramic frogs from the perspective of International Human Rights Law, based on descriptive legal and factual analysis. The view presented here is that this practice is an indirect form of discrimination in the access to places open to the public, and that the Portuguese state is currently breaching its international obligations to protect and fulfil that right, under Articles 2 and 5(f) ICERD. Furthermore, this paper explores the relation of this practice with the prohibition of apartheid and segregation, under Article 3 ICERD, as well as its roots in antigypsyism, systemic racism, and other interdisciplinary concepts. In that respect, this research finds that, by allowing this practice to persist, the Portuguese state is breaching its obligations under Article 3 ICERD. This article ends by trying to contribute to possible legislative and policy solutions to this problem.","PeriodicalId":407952,"journal":{"name":"Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128089689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0