East Central Europe最新文献_第3页

Doing Business across the Iron Curtain: Trade and Financial Relations between the United Kingdom and Hungary, 1945–1956 《跨越铁幕做生意:1945-1956年英国和匈牙利之间的贸易和金融关系》

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50020007

Gyula Hegedüs

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010000

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Scientists for Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharansky 萨哈罗夫、奥尔洛夫和什查兰斯基的科学家

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010006

C. Alston

{"title":"Scientists for Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharansky","authors":"C. Alston","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50010006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article explores the challenge presented to governments and the scientific establishment by physicists who campaigned internationally on behalf of their Soviet scientific colleagues in the early 1980s. Cold War science operated in a highly charged environment: while the work of scientists on both sides of the Cold War divide was sponsored and closely guarded by government and military agencies, scientists were also at the forefront of activist challenges to human rights infringements suffered by their colleagues. The article explores the motivations for and limitations of a moratorium on participation in scientific exchange with the Soviet Union launched by the California-based group “Scientists for Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharansky” (sos). It considers the ways that both professional identity and Cold War dynamics shaped this solidarity campaign. sos sought to build their activism on a transnational basis and worked closely with scientific colleagues in Europe to do so. They pitched a campaign that appealed beyond the university and national scientific laboratories to a broad range of people who identified as scientists. Unlike many contemporary scientific organizations, the sos leadership embraced the political nature of such activism. As a whole, this article shows how scientists navigated different political and scientific contexts when organizing support for their Soviet colleagues.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44996699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Introduction: Subversion, Dissent and Opposition in Communist Europe and Beyond 引言：共产主义欧洲内外的颠覆、异议和反对

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010001

C. Alston, D. Laqua

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The ‘People’s Sport’: Petty Theft in the German Democratic Republic, 1963–1985 “人民的体育”:1963-1985年德意志民主共和国的小偷小摸

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010002

R. Millington

{"title":"The ‘People’s Sport’: Petty Theft in the German Democratic Republic, 1963–1985","authors":"R. Millington","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50010002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Friedrich Engels claimed that communism would eliminate criminality. With “exploitative” capitalist societal conditions removed, there would no longer be any material or psychological reasons for people to commit crime. The reality in the Eastern Bloc in the late Cold War was, however, very different. Petty theft was a particular problem area. Citizens filched alcohol from supermarkets, bricks from construction sites, and money from colleagues’ lockers on an epidemic scale.\u0000This article employs archival and oral history evidence to examine petty theft in the German Democratic Republic (gdr). Scholars have generally attributed its occurrence to “economy of scarcity conditions,” that is, citizens stole items that were in short supply or not on general sale. This article, however, considers whether petty theft constituted a challenge to socialist rule since this crime contravened state ideology. It finds evidence that a desire to defy the state did motivate some citizens to steal, but that the majority of thefts were inspired by more prosaic reasons. The analysis does show, however, that citizens mocked and dismissed the concept of People’s Property, thereby rejecting a central tenet of the regime’s political project.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48620565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Failures, Limits and Competition: Campaigns on Behalf of Eastern European Dissidents in Cold War Belgium, 1956–1989 失败、限制与竞争:1956-1989年冷战时期比利时代表东欧持不同政见者的运动

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010005

Kim Christiaens, Manuel Herrera Crespo

{"title":"Failures, Limits and Competition: Campaigns on Behalf of Eastern European Dissidents in Cold War Belgium, 1956–1989","authors":"Kim Christiaens, Manuel Herrera Crespo","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50010005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article examines the ways in which campaigns supportive of dissidents and human rights in Eastern Europe developed in Belgium during the Cold War. The Belgian case study reveals the critical role of internationally oriented Catholic organizations and social movements in these campaigns. This Catholic activism has often been neglected in mainstream accounts focusing on left-wing or liberal support for Eastern European dissidents or human rights, but it is key to understanding the development of campaigns and their relationships, both real and imagined, with other causes, especially movements with a North – South orientation. Catholic ngo s and social movements constituted a site where activism on behalf of dissidents and human rights in Eastern Europe encountered and entangled with solidarity movements oriented toward the “Third World”. Revealing crossovers and connections, this article argues that the engagement with and images of Eastern European dissidents cannot be understood apart from the development of North – South movements. It also reveals tensions and limitations that have remained neglected in universalizing human rights narratives stressing connections and flows.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41275181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Opposing Memories: Contest and Conspiracy over 1970s Romania 对立的记忆:1970年代罗马尼亚的竞争与阴谋

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010003

James Koranyi

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A Tiny War in a Human: aids, Art, and Protest in Poland 人类的微小战争：艾滋病、艺术与波兰的抗议

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010004

Aleksandra Gajowy

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The Estonian “Little Singing Revolution” of 1960: From Spontaneous Practices to Ideological Manipulations 爱沙尼亚1960年的“小歌唱革命”:从自发的实践到意识形态的操纵

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-49020002

Aigi Rahi-Tamm

{"title":"The Estonian “Little Singing Revolution” of 1960: From Spontaneous Practices to Ideological Manipulations","authors":"Aigi Rahi-Tamm","doi":"10.30965/18763308-49020002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-49020002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The article covers the 15th General Song Festival “20 Years of Soviet Estonia,” held in Tallinn in July 1960, with about 30,000 participants. During the festival, the choirs started to sing popular songs and banned songs on their own initiative, leading to the festival being called “a small singing revolution”. It was a time of changes when both the authorities and the people were testing the limits of what was allowed and forbidden. As the message of songs plays an important role in influencing the people, the authorities hoped to exploit the song festival tradition in their own interest. The goal of Khrushchev’s new cultural policy was to promote the Soviet model for success to the West and to activate foreign relations. The intermediation of cultural contacts required breaking the anti-Soviet attitudes prevailing among the Baltic exiles, and for this purpose diverse tactics were applied. The article analyses the different manifestations of the people’s will both in Estonia and among the exile community as well as the measures and manipulations of the authorities. Thus, diverse practices of social control unfolded in the context of 1960 from initiatives to support each other to against state surveillance and exclusion.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43251801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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How to Compare Dictatorships? Cultures of Surveillance in Franco’s Spain and Communist Eastern Europe in Context 如何比较独裁统治？语境中的佛朗哥西班牙与共产主义东欧的监视文化

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East Central Europe Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-49020004

Jose M. Faraldo

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