East Central Europe最新文献_第2页

Immanuel Wallerstein Travels to Romania: Ideological Fit, Leftovers, and the Future of Decolonization 伊曼纽尔·沃勒斯坦罗马尼亚之旅:意识形态契合、残余物和非殖民化的未来

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50020009

Bogdan Popa

{"title":"Immanuel Wallerstein Travels to Romania: Ideological Fit, Leftovers, and the Future of Decolonization","authors":"Bogdan Popa","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50020009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50020009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A growing body of work has investigated the travel of neo-Marxist theorists and theory to state socialist contexts such as Romania and China, but this scholarship has not focused on successful strategies of indigenization. While several explanations for this process have been proposed, this article advances the concept of “ideological fit” to illuminate how a new body of work is successfully popularized and integrated into national conversations. I explore the relationship between the indigenization of Immanuel Wallerstein’s world-systems theory in Romania within the context of Cold War ideological conflict. This study compares the popularization strategies of a group of U.S. social scientists (Daniel Chirot and Katherine Verdery) with local attempts (Ilie Bădescu) to promote Wallerstein’s theory in Romanian academia. World-systems theory advanced a critique of global capitalism in the United States, whereas in Romania, it was integrated into and discussed as a contribution to anticolonial struggles around the world. As a result, Bădescu’s assertion that Romanian national poet Mihai Eminescu was an anticolonial thinker became generative in local sociology. I conclude by discussing how key theoretical elements of Wallerstein’s theory, which I call the “leftovers,” have been redeployed in new scholarship on decolonization and discuss the risks of such an approach.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135149083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paradoxes of the Czechoslovak Sokol Association in the Interwar Period 两次世界大战期间捷克斯洛伐克索科尔协会的悖论

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50020004

John Paul Newman

{"title":"Paradoxes of the Czechoslovak Sokol Association in the Interwar Period","authors":"John Paul Newman","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50020004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50020004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article addresses some of the paradoxes of the interwar Czechoslovak Sokol Association. It shows how after 1918 Sokol historiography experienced a boom following national independence: a proliferation of accounts of the Sokol movement’s history to date told in largest part by the leadership of the association itself. These accounts re-narrated the history of the movement so that it became well-adjusted to the new culture of victory of the interwar state, positing throughout a separation between nation and empire and a struggle in which the former, aided by Sokol mobilization, was sure to emerge victorious. The article asks that we read this historiography ‘against the grain’, showing that the actual relationship of Sokol to late-Habsburg civil society was protean and shifting, and only re-cast as unswervingly adversarial in the post-1918 period. The second part of the article looks at the participation of Sokol members and leadership in the war in Slovakia (1919), presented in interwar historiography and commemoration as a culminating moment in Sokol’s participation in the national liberation of Czechs and Slovaks. In fact, there is a compelling case to be made that Sokol’s role in fighting and violence at this time also shows the ongoing contestation and conflict associated with the creation of Czechoslovakia. The article shows that re-narrating the history of the Habsburg period and the war itself to emphasize the voluntarist contribution of groups such as Sokol was an important part of establishing and maintaining the legitimacy of the interwar state.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135148713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alexander Szalai: A Transsystemic Career and Hungarian Sociology in the Cold War Era 亚历山大·萨莱:冷战时期的跨系统职业生涯与匈牙利社会学

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50020008

György Péteri

{"title":"Alexander Szalai: A Transsystemic Career and Hungarian Sociology in the Cold War Era","authors":"György Péteri","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50020008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50020008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Through a detailed analysis of Alexander Szalai’s career as a major transsystemic academic entrepreneur in the Kádár era, this paper has been written to discern and assess how such activities impacted the ways in which science and scholarship worked at both sides of the systemic divide (the “Iron Curtain”). The single most important finding is the emergence of transsystemic spaces (fields), the undoing of national and systemic boundaries. These transsystemic configurations tended to provide social (formal and informal) frameworks within which reputations are generated and distributed, reputational hierarchies are established and reproduced. For scholars in the East such transsystemic spaces brought with them a great deal of good news: they could mean increased freedom and/or an unbiased assessment and genuine acknowledgement for what one has accomplished. Transsystemic fields brought with them a whole array of new (kinds of) opportunities. Acting as a nod of networks that generated transsystemic spaces could yield increased reputation and power at home. As all structures in the social world, however, transsystemic spaces could enable as well as constrain, they could propel you to the skies and might also crush you. As any other resources constituting social capital in academia, the space spanning along transsystemic networks of scholars and scientists could also be weaponized for the wrong purposes: they could enable impostors to acquire a status and reputation way over and above the person’s actual accomplishments, due to imperfect information available in foreign environments. Time would, of course, always show who they really are – but before that happens, they could bring havoc upon their field back home by distorted reputational hierarchies, by skewed distribution of competitive power between rivaling intellectual tendencies or “schools” and, eventually, by “paradigmatic” streamlining and contra-selection. This is, in a nutshell, what the story of A. Szalai shows.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135149081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Politics of Plastic Nationhood”: Sokol Mass Gymnastics and Eugenics Between Empire and Nation-States “塑性国家政治”:索科尔大众体操与帝国与民族国家之间的优生学

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50020002

Lucija Balikić, Vojtěch Pojar

{"title":"“Politics of Plastic Nationhood”: Sokol Mass Gymnastics and Eugenics Between Empire and Nation-States","authors":"Lucija Balikić, Vojtěch Pojar","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50020002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50020002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines how mass gymnastics in East Central Europe became increasingly entangled with eugenics. It traces the proliferation of eugenic discourses alongside the medicalization of gymnastics within Sokol, a mass nationalist voluntary association. In this context, the bodies of gymnasts became crucial sites of knowledge production and ideological projection. The article introduces the “politics of plastic nationhood,” a concept that foregrounds the fierce debates within Sokol over strategies to shape the imagined body of the nation though physical exercise. It also highlights key actors in these discussions, including medical doctors, physical anthropologists, and gymnastics trainers. The article shows that four major themes shaped these biopolitical disputes: health, diversity, gender, and ability. Focusing specifically on Sokol associations in interwar Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia and their prewar predecessors, the article outlines a chronology of the politics of plastic nationhood, which emerged in the Habsburg Empire and reached their zenith in the successor states. After imperial collapse, in particular, Sokol eugenicists sought to merge the diverse Slavic populations of the new states into a single “national body.” Owing to their perceived failure to achieve national unity, starting in the mid-1930s onward, eugenicists turned to rigid racial hierarchies, statism, and authoritarian politics.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135148712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Architecture in Shaping Sokol Visual Identity in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia 南斯拉夫王国的建筑在塑造Sokol视觉识别中的作用

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50020005

Vladana Putnik Prica

引用次数: 0

Doing Business across the Iron Curtain: Trade and Financial Relations between the United Kingdom and Hungary, 1945–1956 《跨越铁幕做生意:1945-1956年英国和匈牙利之间的贸易和金融关系》

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50020007

Gyula Hegedüs

引用次数: 0

Front matter 前页

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010000

引用次数: 0

Scientists for Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharansky 萨哈罗夫、奥尔洛夫和什查兰斯基的科学家

IF 0.1

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010006

C. Alston

{"title":"Scientists for Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharansky","authors":"C. Alston","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50010006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article explores the challenge presented to governments and the scientific establishment by physicists who campaigned internationally on behalf of their Soviet scientific colleagues in the early 1980s. Cold War science operated in a highly charged environment: while the work of scientists on both sides of the Cold War divide was sponsored and closely guarded by government and military agencies, scientists were also at the forefront of activist challenges to human rights infringements suffered by their colleagues. The article explores the motivations for and limitations of a moratorium on participation in scientific exchange with the Soviet Union launched by the California-based group “Scientists for Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharansky” (sos). It considers the ways that both professional identity and Cold War dynamics shaped this solidarity campaign. sos sought to build their activism on a transnational basis and worked closely with scientific colleagues in Europe to do so. They pitched a campaign that appealed beyond the university and national scientific laboratories to a broad range of people who identified as scientists. Unlike many contemporary scientific organizations, the sos leadership embraced the political nature of such activism. As a whole, this article shows how scientists navigated different political and scientific contexts when organizing support for their Soviet colleagues.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44996699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Failures, Limits and Competition: Campaigns on Behalf of Eastern European Dissidents in Cold War Belgium, 1956–1989 失败、限制与竞争:1956-1989年冷战时期比利时代表东欧持不同政见者的运动

IF 0.1

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010005

Kim Christiaens, Manuel Herrera Crespo

{"title":"Failures, Limits and Competition: Campaigns on Behalf of Eastern European Dissidents in Cold War Belgium, 1956–1989","authors":"Kim Christiaens, Manuel Herrera Crespo","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50010005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article examines the ways in which campaigns supportive of dissidents and human rights in Eastern Europe developed in Belgium during the Cold War. The Belgian case study reveals the critical role of internationally oriented Catholic organizations and social movements in these campaigns. This Catholic activism has often been neglected in mainstream accounts focusing on left-wing or liberal support for Eastern European dissidents or human rights, but it is key to understanding the development of campaigns and their relationships, both real and imagined, with other causes, especially movements with a North – South orientation. Catholic ngo s and social movements constituted a site where activism on behalf of dissidents and human rights in Eastern Europe encountered and entangled with solidarity movements oriented toward the “Third World”. Revealing crossovers and connections, this article argues that the engagement with and images of Eastern European dissidents cannot be understood apart from the development of North – South movements. It also reveals tensions and limitations that have remained neglected in universalizing human rights narratives stressing connections and flows.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":"129 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41275181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ‘People’s Sport’: Petty Theft in the German Democratic Republic, 1963–1985 “人民的体育”:1963-1985年德意志民主共和国的小偷小摸

IF 0.1

East Central Europe Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.30965/18763308-50010002

R. Millington

{"title":"The ‘People’s Sport’: Petty Theft in the German Democratic Republic, 1963–1985","authors":"R. Millington","doi":"10.30965/18763308-50010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763308-50010002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Friedrich Engels claimed that communism would eliminate criminality. With “exploitative” capitalist societal conditions removed, there would no longer be any material or psychological reasons for people to commit crime. The reality in the Eastern Bloc in the late Cold War was, however, very different. Petty theft was a particular problem area. Citizens filched alcohol from supermarkets, bricks from construction sites, and money from colleagues’ lockers on an epidemic scale.\u0000This article employs archival and oral history evidence to examine petty theft in the German Democratic Republic (gdr). Scholars have generally attributed its occurrence to “economy of scarcity conditions,” that is, citizens stole items that were in short supply or not on general sale. This article, however, considers whether petty theft constituted a challenge to socialist rule since this crime contravened state ideology. It finds evidence that a desire to defy the state did motivate some citizens to steal, but that the majority of thefts were inspired by more prosaic reasons. The analysis does show, however, that citizens mocked and dismissed the concept of People’s Property, thereby rejecting a central tenet of the regime’s political project.","PeriodicalId":40651,"journal":{"name":"East Central Europe","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48620565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0