International Journal of Regulation and Governance最新文献_第9页

Strengthening local governments: urban fiscal decentralization in India* 加强地方政府:印度城市财政分权*

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120037

Soumyadip Chattopadhyay

{"title":"Strengthening local governments: urban fiscal decentralization in India*","authors":"Soumyadip Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.3233/IJR-120037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/IJR-120037","url":null,"abstract":"Municipal governments in India have encountered increasing demographic and social pressures in recent years. The pace of urbanization, albeit modest in nature in the recent years, has been creating serious problems for the provision of urban infrastructure in general and urban basic services in particular. The scenario has worsened in the context of growth of slums and squatter settle ments in various cities. Moreover, these urban areas appear to be the cynosure for investment – domestic as well as international – as a result of the adoption of the New Economic Policy that focuses on liberalization, fiscal adjustment, and financial sector reform. To reap the benefits of these trends, it is essential to achieve a world-class urban system, which – in turn – depends on attaining efficiency and equity in the delivery and financing of urban infrastructure. The states′ decrepit financial positions as well as the institutional fabric of most municipal governments exacerbate the problem. To overcome these constraints and challenges, various institutional, fiscal, and financial reforms have been initiated. Among them, the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, recognizes the principle of local self-government and offers constitutional recognition to urban local governments. But, the critical question is how far this Constitutional Amendment is successful. This paper is an attempt in this direction.","PeriodicalId":406236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Regulation and Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130083072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Disaster-preparedness and recovery: a priority for telecom regulatory agencies in liberalized environments 备灾和恢复:电信监管机构在自由化环境中的优先事项

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120012

R. Samarajiva

引用次数: 8

Efficient Search Structures for Wikipedia based on User Communities 基于用户社区的维基百科高效搜索结构

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5958/J.2249-3212.2.1.001

G. Sadasivam, N. Krishnamoorthy, R. Radhakrishnan

引用次数: 1

E-governance: a global perspective on a new paradigm 电子政务:一个新范式的全球视角

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120077

Sangeeta Gupta, Gaurav Chakraverty

{"title":"E-governance: a global perspective on a new paradigm","authors":"Sangeeta Gupta, Gaurav Chakraverty","doi":"10.3233/IJR-120077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/IJR-120077","url":null,"abstract":"E-governance is a major tool in sustainable and equitable development as it charts the vision of the world moving forward in the face of the upcoming challenges. The book E-governance: a global perspective on a new paradigm, edited by Toshio Obi, takes a good stock of the advances made in ICT (information and communication technology) in addressing the creation of information societies across countries. Over 35 authors have contributed in this volume of the global e-governance series. The book brings together presentations from various governments, business entities, and academia, who have immensely contributed to knowledge sharing of experiences and wisdom. The five chapters of the book have maintained a good flow in explaining the need for information by different countries and the strategies of development followed by different countries. The very first chapter opens up a very interesting topic of Ubiquitous Society and showcases the decades of planning and strict implementation in countries like Japan, Korea, and Finland. The example of Japan shows how strategic planning and policy decisions on IT (information technology) are helping the country close wide gaps vis-a-vis other countries like the US, Korea, and Taiwan. It also details Japan’s solution-driven approach towards pursuing a ubiquitous network paradigm. The chapter also shares with its readers Korea’s dynamic initiatives and use of ICT applications to achieve high levels of standards in ICT. The topic on information issue of Finland makes for an interesting Book review","PeriodicalId":406236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Regulation and Governance","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121535396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

European Union, neo-corporatist, and pluralist governance arrangements: Lobbying and policy-making patterns in a comparative perspective 欧盟、新社团主义和多元主义治理安排:比较视角下的游说和决策模式

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120022

T. Burns, M. Carson

{"title":"European Union, neo-corporatist, and pluralist governance arrangements: Lobbying and policy-making patterns in a comparative perspective","authors":"T. Burns, M. Carson","doi":"10.3233/IJR-120022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/IJR-120022","url":null,"abstract":"Legislative and policy-making processes within democratic structures are multi-agent, collective decision processes. Interest representation, including lobbying, may have a substantial effect not only on policy outcomes, but also on the structure of democratic institutions themselves. In view of current trends and challenges facing democratic institutions, better understanding of the processes and mechanisms by which policy-making and lobbying operate is particularly important. This paper applies the new institutionalism to the comparative analysis of governance and policy-making in different political systems, particularly those in Europe and the US. Pluralist and neo-corporatist arrangements of influence articulation are distinguished and contrasted. It is argued further that these do not correspond to or fit EU (European Union) arrangements for policy-making and lobbying. A model of EU arrangements is outlined. The article considers the degree of openness, flexibility, extent of predictability, and patterns of policy production and development in the different systems. The EU system, which is a type of ‘organic’ or informal democracy, operates with highly flexible but well-organized procedures to engage interest groups from industry and civil society as sources of information and expertise and to act as brokers in EU policy-making; deliberation and negotiation typically result in consensus. We conclude that many of the advantages of the EU system with its flexibility and adaptability to sectoral specific issues and conditions are a source of its problems of non-transparency and ‘democratic deficit.’","PeriodicalId":406236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Regulation and Governance","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126474906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Boards at work: why and how induction and training could enhance directors’ effectiveness in the boardroom 工作中的董事会:入职和培训为何以及如何提高董事在董事会中的效率

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120100

Paola Schwizer, Rosalba Casiraghi, Valeria Stefanelli

{"title":"Boards at work: why and how induction and training could enhance directors’ effectiveness in the boardroom","authors":"Paola Schwizer, Rosalba Casiraghi, Valeria Stefanelli","doi":"10.3233/IJR-120100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/IJR-120100","url":null,"abstract":"In the wake of the recent economic and financial crisis, board induction and training process has become highly important. This article discusses that an institutionalized and effective board induction and training process could maximize the director's contribution thus improving board effectiveness in banks. Firstly, by using qualitative research methods, the study shows the state of the art measures on board induction and training programs for directors in European banks. And then, it also depicts the results of a survey about the opinions of an Italian panel on the topic. Findings confirm that directors are aware of the importance of induction and training programs as a tool to enhance the effectiveness of corporate governance. However, there is substantially limited dissemination of these practices in banks and, in those cases where these practices are used more extensively, it is possible to spot some areas of improvement compared to best practices. Our results may be justified by: a delay of regulation on governance; a possible disappointment of company executives and a consideration of these practices in terms of mere business “costs” rather than as “opportunities” to improve the bank board effectiveness. On the basis of our knowledge, there is no empirical analysis designed to describe the dissemination and the organizational characteristics of the initiatives of training and updating of directors in banks, so this article will improve the existing literature on bank governance and European boards.","PeriodicalId":406236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Regulation and Governance","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132959913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Designing a robust electricity regulator model using the systems approach with application to liberalization of the electricity sector in Botswana 利用系统方法设计一个强大的电力调节器模型，并将其应用于博茨瓦纳电力部门的自由化

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120057

A. ObokOpok, G. Anderson, J. Mothibi

引用次数: 0

The European Union's social dimension: From market to welfare? 欧盟的社会维度:从市场到福利?

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120010

T. Burns, M. Carson, J. Nylander

引用次数: 1

Independence of administrative agencies in the broadcasting sector: the case of the Polish National Broadcasting Council 广播部门行政机构的独立性:波兰国家广播委员会的案例

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120063

Mariusz Swora

{"title":"Independence of administrative agencies in the broadcasting sector: the case of the Polish National Broadcasting Council","authors":"Mariusz Swora","doi":"10.3233/IJR-120063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/IJR-120063","url":null,"abstract":"Appointments of members of independent administrative agencies are claimed to be the most effective tool of retaining political control over these agencies. However, even if politicians hold considerable discretionary power in deciding upon their membership, legal rules ensuring credibility of such appointments cannot be underestimated. The author argues that properly drawn rules may stipulate the necessary prerequisites for making a credible appointment, assure democratic scrutiny in the process of appointments, and stabilize the policy of an agency. An independent administrative agency also seems to be the most effective form of regulating media broadcasting and general network industries. The paper presents key issues regarding their operation in an unstable legal environment on the lines of a Polish case adjudicated by the Constitutional Tribunal, and is also an attempt of drawing some more general conclusions. Independent administrative agencies are often presented as the fourth branch within political systems of modern industrial democracies. The process of strengthening these agencies is ongoing (including sometimes constitutionalization), but it is difficult to assume today that these agencies will emerge as fully distinguished independent branch within the system of separation of powers in the foreseeable future. The last issue presented in this article considers regulation, self-regulation, and co-regulation. The author argues that at least in countries where the principle of subsidiarity was adopted, this principle can be helpful in drawing the borderlines between the area of regulation, self-regulation, and co-regulation.","PeriodicalId":406236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Regulation and Governance","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127251023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Streamlining environmental Management legislation in Zimbabwe: the case of the new Environmental Management Act Chapter 20:27/2002 精简津巴布韦的环境管理立法:以新的环境管理法第20章27/2002为例

International Journal of Regulation and Governance Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/IJR-120053

C. Madebwe, Madebwe, T. Madebwe

引用次数: 0