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An Investigation of the Integration of Inter-semiotic Complementarity in Iraqi EFL Textbook 伊拉克外语教材中符号间互补性的整合研究
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i2.245-263
Riyadh Sarhan Jabour, W. Faisal
{"title":"An Investigation of the Integration of Inter-semiotic Complementarity in Iraqi EFL Textbook","authors":"Riyadh Sarhan Jabour, W. Faisal","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i2.245-263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i2.245-263","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, multimodal texts are widely used in the media, schools, and daily life. There have been several studies on nonverbal semiotics in multi-semiotic texts. This study examines the complementarity of verbal and visual semiotic modes in an Iraqi EFL textbook. Royce's (2007) inter-semiotic complementarity and (Kress,van Leeuwen's 1996) structure of information value were used to analyse an Iraqi EFL textbook titled English for Iraq (Garnet, 2017). According to the analysis, the entire textbook is not built on a page-by-page path that allows linear and nonlinear reading. Although the information layout varies from page to page, the overall structure of the textbook image allows for a linear reading path from start to finish. Texts in multimodal EFL are required. This study investigated the relationship between verbal text and image in terms of address, social distance, and participation because multimodality conveys teachers' perspectives on language learning (the extent to which the reader engages with what is represented). This study's sample includes analytical units. Each verbal and visual sample text-image relationship was determined, and the participation and address levels were comparable. We discovered that social distance favors divergence over convergence in English education and learning. Young students select, design, and employ multimodal textbook materials.Keywords: Multimodality, inter-semiotic complementarity, semiotics’ mode, EFL, School textbooks","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43347414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lecturers’ Challenges and Strategies in Teaching Maritime English Online to Students with Low English Proficiency 讲师对英语水平低的学生进行海上英语在线教学的挑战与策略
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-08-10 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i2.222-244
Latifa Ika Sari, Ria Hermina Sari
{"title":"Lecturers’ Challenges and Strategies in Teaching Maritime English Online to Students with Low English Proficiency","authors":"Latifa Ika Sari, Ria Hermina Sari","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i2.222-244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i2.222-244","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the problems faced by ESP lecturers when teaching low English proficiency students during online Maritime English lessons and their strategies in dealing with the problems. A questionnaire with six open-ended questions was distributed to 9 Maritime English lecturers from 6 different Maritime Polytechnics in Indonesia. A follow-up interview was conducted with four lecturers to obtain more detailed information regarding their online teaching practices, especially the difficulties and the strategies to mitigate them. The findings of this study revealed 3 (three) main problems faced by the lecturers. Firstly, students were reluctant to interact and participate in class activities. Secondly, students showed low motivation and interest in learning English. Thirdly, the lecturers needed extra time to explain the teaching materials. To overcome the problems, the lecturers used various texts, pictures, videos, or online platforms to expose students to maritime vocabulary. They also grouped the lower proficiency students with the higher proficiency students in a collaborative activity, designed class activities based on students’ learning styles, and employed various scaffolding techniques. Keywords: English for Specific Purposes (ESP) teaching, low English proficiency, Maritime English, online learning.","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46780014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Developing Thinking Reading Classrooms: Insight from Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Lesson Plans and Classroom Instructions 从职前英语教师的教学计划和课堂教学看思维阅读课堂的发展
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i2.201-221
Dwi Puji Hastuti, Diah Kristina, Endang Setyaningsih
{"title":"Developing Thinking Reading Classrooms: Insight from Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Lesson Plans and Classroom Instructions","authors":"Dwi Puji Hastuti, Diah Kristina, Endang Setyaningsih","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i2.201-221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i2.201-221","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have investigated the integration of critical thinking in EFL classrooms and textbooks. Still, relatively few have investigated the integration of critical thinking into reading lesson plans and classroom instructions. The current study adopted a qualitative case study approach to provide insight into how pre-service EFL teachers infused critical thinking skills into online reading classrooms. The study also gives information on pre-service EFL teachers' challenges in critical thinking integration into reading classrooms. Eight pre-service EFL teachers who completed all three phases of the faculty-mandated teaching practicum program participated in the study. Document analysis, virtual classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection techniques to fulfill the research objectives. As the study framework, Bloom's revised taxonomy was applied to lesson plan data to examine how critical thinking components are incorporated. Virtual classroom observations illuminated the incorporation of critical thinking into reading lessons. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather more information regarding the challenges of integrating critical thinking skills. The present study reveals that pre-service EFL teachers integrated critical thinking aspects into reading online classes with a greater emphasis on lower-order cognitive than higher-order cognitive processes. It implies that pre-service EFL teachers had insufficient preparation for teaching practicum programs. Due to the significance of critical thinking skills for EFL students, this study recommends that teacher training institutes strengthen the critical thinking abilities of pre-service EFL teachers so that they are more equipped to teach and promote critical thinking in EFL classrooms.Keywords: classroom instructions, critical thinking, lesson plans, pre-service teachers ","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47626923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stance Expressions in Introduction of English Research Articles written by Cambodian Authors 柬埔寨作者英文研究文章导论中的立场表达
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i2.183-200
Soeurn Chenda, Safnil Safnil, Syafryadin Syafryadin
{"title":"Stance Expressions in Introduction of English Research Articles written by Cambodian Authors","authors":"Soeurn Chenda, Safnil Safnil, Syafryadin Syafryadin","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i2.183-200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i2.183-200","url":null,"abstract":"Stance Expression indicates feelings, certainty or uncertainty, and interests of the authors. As the increasing needs of the readers on significant findings from the introduction section of Research Articles, a study on Stance Expression of introduction section in the English research articles written by Cambodian authors has been conducted to employ crucial aims of the study: (1) examine stance expression types and the categories of each type; (2) compare the similarities and differences of stance expression types used in the introduction section of English RAs written by Cambodian authors published in local and international journals. Thirty research articles written by Cambodian authors published in local and international journals were used in this study. To fulfill these research objectives, the mixed-method research design was utilized in this study. All the four stance features, such as Hedges, Boosters, Attitude Markers, and Self-expression, proposed by Hyland (2005) were used as a Lexical analysis framework model in this study. The results revealed that four stance expression types were found in this study. The hedge was the most frequently employed among the other types of stances. There is a significantly different in terms of the frequencies of hedge used within both RA journals, but there is no for booster, attitude marker, and self-mention. Local Cambodian authors should follow the international authors as models in applying stance in their RAs.  A  comparison study of the stance expression and engagement between Cambodian and international authors in the introduction should be expanded more different articles from available journals.Keywords: English research article, introduction section, stance expression, local journals, international journals","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45836835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thematic Contents of Preschool-Aged Children’s Utterances as Media to Shape Their Understanding of the World 学龄前儿童话语的主题内容作为塑造其对世界认识的媒介
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i2.163-182
Titik Sudartinah
{"title":"Thematic Contents of Preschool-Aged Children’s Utterances as Media to Shape Their Understanding of the World","authors":"Titik Sudartinah","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i2.163-182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i2.163-182","url":null,"abstract":"Language ability develops greatly during preschool age. Triggered by the high curiosity that goes hand in hand with the exposures to others around them, preschool-aged children show great efforts to create a collection of vocabulary to help them learn and use language in real contexts. This research aims to identify the thematic contents of preschool-aged children’s utterances and explain the categories of these thematic contents to shape their understanding of the surrounding world. To answer these objectives, both qualitative and quantitative data were used. The qualitative data were the utterances of preschool-aged children when participating in conversations, while the quantitative data were the frequency of occurrence of each thematic content, which is used to support the qualitative interpretation. The data were collected during classroom sessions in two preschools in Yogyakarta, Indonesia for a one-week period. The participants were 29 preschool-aged children, whose age ranges from 3 to 5 years old. Audiovisual recordings, field notes, datasheets, and ELAN 5.5. and FLEx 8 software were the instruments for data collection and analysis. The results show that there are two main thematic contents expressed by these preschool-aged children, i.e., objects and people. These thematic contents can be detailed into 9 categories of objects and 4 categories of people. These support the overall interpretation revealing the picture of the world as perceived by the children. In general, through the thematic contents of their utterances, preschool-aged children try to build a complete understanding of the world they live in and these thematic contents also serve as the media for understanding the stance of their peers and teachers in a conversation.Keywords: preschool-aged children; thematic contents; utterances","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44200912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Islamic Female Clerics’ Preaching on the Discourse of Woman’s Body, Sexuality and Domestication: A Study through Transitivity and Appraisal Analysis 伊斯兰女神职人员对女性身体、性与驯化话语的宣讲:及物性与评价分析研究
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i1.147-162
E. Leiliyanti, Hazalia Zahra Munir, Wita Awaliyah
{"title":"Islamic Female Clerics’ Preaching on the Discourse of Woman’s Body, Sexuality and Domestication: A Study through Transitivity and Appraisal Analysis","authors":"E. Leiliyanti, Hazalia Zahra Munir, Wita Awaliyah","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i1.147-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i1.147-162","url":null,"abstract":"This text-oriented discourse analysis aims to evaluate and compare the language voiced by the two Islamic female clerics’ (Ustazah Aisah Dahlan and Mamah Dedeh) in their preaching as well as their stances towards the Discourse of Muslim Woman’s Body, Sexuality and Domestication posted on their affiliated Youtube accounts during this Covid-19 pandemic. The data (two video transcripts with the duration 09 minutes 04 seconds and 42 minutes and 54 seconds, respectively) were taken based on stratified purposeful sampling. Using transitivity system (ideational metafunction of language) postulated by M.A.K. Halliday(2014) and language evaluation theory (interpersonal metafunction of language) developed by Martin and White (2005), it was found that Aisah Dahlan’s preaching was dominated by attributive relational process and positive judgment in heteroglossic expressions to justify Muslim men’s attitudes and behaviors, whereas negative judgment in force expressions were deployed in discussing the Muslim woman’s body, sexuality, and domestication discourse. On the contrary, Mamah Dedeh’s preaching was dominated by the material process and positive judgement of sanction which indicates that husband and wife share equal responsibility in the household.Keywords: Ustazah, Text-Oriented Discourse Analysis, Muslim Woman’s Body, Islamic views on Sexuality, Domestication of  woman, Transitivity analysis, appraisal analysis","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43920620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Pragmatics of AIN’T within Academic and Social Context 学术与社会语境下的AIN’T语用学
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i1.126-146
J. Jumanto, Rahmanti Asmarani, Sarif Syamsu Rizal, Haryati Sulistyorini
{"title":"The Pragmatics of AIN’T within Academic and Social Context","authors":"J. Jumanto, Rahmanti Asmarani, Sarif Syamsu Rizal, Haryati Sulistyorini","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i1.126-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i1.126-146","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has explored the form, the meaning, and the function of the contraction AIN’T, with the corpus data retrieved from English-affiliated URLs or Websites (web-data), through interpretive techniques and a coding analysis. The utterance AIN’T belongs to non-standard or informal English, which represents or is derived from the forms AM NOT, IS NOT, ARE NOT, HAS NOT, HAVE NOT, DO NOT, DOES NOT, DID NOT, and the others. The meaning of AIN’T implies different aspects, i.e. informality, topic area, low social class, emphasis, and content. The utterance AIN’T is part of close language, or is used for close people for friendship or camaraderie. AIN’T belongs to informal utterances, as it is incomplete, shorter, cut-down (or contracted) from other forms. The utterance AIN’T should be taught academically in classrooms or other teaching and learning encounters as informal language with its various derived constructions, and students or learners should be made aware that AIN’T is part of close language which is used to close people for friendship or camaraderie within interpersonal or social context. Use of AIN’T to not close people or superiors or others in a formal situation may lead to a rude situation, and a probable disharmony entails.        Keywords: pragmatics; politeness; camaraderie; informal English; AIN’T.","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42606249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The use of Flashcards in teaching EFL vocabulary in online learning 网络学习中使用抽认卡进行英语词汇教学
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i1.109-125
R. Khan
{"title":"The use of Flashcards in teaching EFL vocabulary in online learning","authors":"R. Khan","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i1.109-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i1.109-125","url":null,"abstract":"The outbreak of COVID-19 has altered the way of language instruction. Vocabulary learning is an essential aspect of the language learning and teaching process that needs careful attention and consideration. Teaching vocabulary becomes more critical when learners cannot attend physical classes. The present study explores the impact of flashcards in learning vocabulary in an online context. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design to gather the data. The study was carried on two performed intact groups of intermediate-level learners. A vocabulary test was used to collect the data as pre and posttests. The intervention of the flashcards was continued for seven weeks. All the learners were informed about the process of the research. The result implies that the incorporation of flashcards impacted learners' vocabulary learning during online instruction. The data analysis asserts that flashcards have helped the experimental group to develop their vocabulary. The results indicate that flashcards are beneficial in the virtual learning environment. Keywords: Flashcards, EFL, Online learning, Vocabulary","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49343604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
EFL Teachers' Beliefs and ICT Integration Practices During Distance Learning: Employing Replacement, Amplification, and Transformation Framework 远程教育中英语教师信念与ICT整合实践:采用替代、放大与转换框架
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-03-02 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i1.91-108
A. Lestarina, J. Nurkamto, N. Ngadiso
{"title":"EFL Teachers' Beliefs and ICT Integration Practices During Distance Learning: Employing Replacement, Amplification, and Transformation Framework","authors":"A. Lestarina, J. Nurkamto, N. Ngadiso","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i1.91-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i1.91-108","url":null,"abstract":"Technology is successfully integrated when technology makes learning effective, efficient, and creative. It cannot be denied that technology positively contributes to teaching and learning. Moreover, in the current pandemic conditions where the learning process must be carried out remotely, technology helps this teaching and learning process more accessible. The objective of the study is to see the EFL teachers’ beliefs and ICT integration practices during distance learning. This study investigates teachers' beliefs of ICT integration based on the current theory and situation. The researchers used a qualitative approach in this case study; three EFL teachers were interviewed and observed. The finding of the study is all EFL teachers had positive beliefs about ICT use for teaching and learning and student-centered belief orientation for pedagogical belief. One of three had low-self efficacy to utilize ICT. ICT was integrated for effective and efficient learning, which means teachers' level of ICT integration was Amplification based on the RAT (Replacement, Amplification, and Transformation) framework. However, overall, teachers' beliefs orientation were positive belief about ICT integration, high self-efficacy belief, student-centered belief. Still, they could not reach the high level of ICT integration linked to creativity in teaching. They also faced some barriers in integrating ICT, such as students' engagement and the learning in the distance still incomplete. They missed the motivation or stimulation stage for their students and the students' learning process was lack of speaking and listening enhancement activities. Additional research should address more people as data objects to corroborate research results.Keywords: ICT integration, RAT framework, Teachers' Beliefs, Self-efficacy beliefs, Pedagogical beliefs ","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46954278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Minimalist Perspective on Legal Communication: A Case Study of English to Urdu Translation of Punjab Laws 法律传播的极简主义视角——以旁遮普法律英译乌尔都语为例
IF 2.1
REGISTER Journal Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v15i1.64-90
Naumana Kanwal, M. Iqbal, Maria Mushtaq
{"title":"Minimalist Perspective on Legal Communication: A Case Study of English to Urdu Translation of Punjab Laws","authors":"Naumana Kanwal, M. Iqbal, Maria Mushtaq","doi":"10.18326/rgt.v15i1.64-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i1.64-90","url":null,"abstract":"Syntactic choices and complexity reduction make translation communicative for the readers. This paper underscores the syntactic choices as well as complexity reduction in Urdu translation of Punjab laws in English. The study focuses on legal communication in a minimalistic perspective. It draws upon the theory of minimalism proposed by Chomsky (1993), along with the three-stage model by Nida and Taber (1969). Data is analyzed by employing Burton’s (2021) clausal analysis. The legal data used for the research comprises Punjab laws in English and their Urdu translation. The findings reveal minimalism as a useful strategy in the translation process for reducing structure complexity and making the translation understandable to laypeople. The study is beneficial to English-Urdu translators since it instructs them on how to make their translations communicative, especially when dealing with legal texts. It is also useful for academics in the field of Translation Studies who are working on minimalist views.Keywords: minimalism, complexity reduction, legal translation, syntactic choices, communication ","PeriodicalId":40585,"journal":{"name":"REGISTER Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44504460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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