2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)最新文献

{"title":"Baseline of numerical simulations for ZnTe based thin-film solar cells","authors":"H. Ullah, S. Ullah, B. M. Soucase","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347013","url":null,"abstract":"Numerical modelling of photovoltaic solar cells is an important strategy to test the viability of proposed physical structures and their performance. This article introduces the concept of numerical simulation and explain the relevant physical models for the inside physical phenomenon like generation, recombination and transport of charge carriers (holes and electrons) in photovoltaic materials. This will made with essential input parameters, to have consistent and acceptable results. It is extremely useful to have a common baseline or starting point for researchers working on the same problem under different conditions irrespective of the place, group, research environment and tools/software used. The numerical work, hence produces results for fitting of modelling output to experimental results, predicting the effect of changes in material properties and geometry of cell performance and testing the viability of proposed physical device. A case-study for baseline parameter sets are presented that describes ZnTe based thin-film solar cells consist in ZnO/n-CdS/p-ZnTe in a substrate sequence. This model can be used as a baseline for more complicated models and will help photovoltaic researchers for enhancing the efficiency and reduction the costs in $/Wp of photovoltaic devices.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132310158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid AMI system model for Lahore and Karachi","authors":"Umer Khalid, Muhammad Nasir Khan","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7346981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7346981","url":null,"abstract":"Karachi and Lahore are the most populated cities of Pakistan having large number of energy consumers. With the increasing population growth, the number of energy consumers is also increasing rapidly. The existing metering system is manual, which is very unreliable in terms of data retrieval. The existing manual metering system is incapable of fulfilling the current and future demands (i.e., real time metering and monitoring, energy theft, automatic meter reading and reliable meter data retrieval). Advance metering infrastructure (AMI) is the alternate solution to meet the current demands and challenges of manual metering system. AMI system can be implemented by various methods depending on the communication techniques. In this paper we suggest the hybrid system model for Lahore and Karachi. AMI system consists of smart meter, gateway (i.e., data concentrator (DC)) and meter data management system (MDMS). We explain the physical layer format for the communication of radio frequency (RF) based smart meter to DC. We developed an algorithm, which enables communications of DC with smart meters. We successfully implemented the proposed system and provide simulation results to support our system model.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114867383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating renewable energy policies and sustainable development tools for the assessment of policy reforms","authors":"Aleena Khalid Sandhu, A. Fatima","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347009","url":null,"abstract":"Energy sector is facing severe supply-demand gaps and multi-pronged issues contributing to huge circular debt. Government of Pakistan is focusing on different problem areas of the sector in the successive policy papers namely, National Power Policy 1994, 1995, 1998 and 2013, Policy for Development of Renewable Energy for Power Generation, 2006 Alternative and Renewable Energy policy, 2011 (also called Mid-term renewable energy policy) specifically highlighting the importance given to Renewable Energy Technology. Bearing in mind these policy documents this paper is aimed at analyzing the prior to renewable policy reforms scenario and other supportive measures from institutional perspective that are still in the phase of formulation by the government. For the reform process, Annual Development Plans/Medium Term Development Framework and Development Outlays (PSDPs) formulated, at the National, Federal and Provincial level, with the base-line analysis provided by Economic Surveys, are of key importance. The Social Development Department of the World Bank presented a sourcebook in 2007, titled “Tools for Institutional, Political and Social Analysis of Policy Reforms”. This sourcebook encompassed an analytical framework with a wide range of tools for the practitioners and consultants involved in policy analysis in developing countries. This paper uses the institutional tools from amongst them to analyze the policy recommendations of renewable energy. The methodology involves Meso-level (Policy Implementation) analysis with primary focus on institutional analysis that further splits into three broad dimensions namely, Static Mapping, Process Training and Process Mapping. Each of these dimensions is substantiated with relevant examples in this paper. This paper also addresses the vital question: How to make Renewable Energy Sustainable in the case of Pakistan? A plethora of literature deals directly or indirectly with this question. The highpoint of this paper is the integration of Renewable Energy Policies with Sustainable Development vision acclaimed world-wide. The ultimate findings presented in this paper accentuate that Renewable Energy policies and the resultant reforms need to be inclusive, context-based and equitable as well as efficient to have a huge and lasting distributional impact. For the energy sector to contribute positively and progressively Renewable Energy Policies need to be integrated with the Sustainable Development.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122817792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case study on alleviating electric transmission congestion using dynamic thermal rating methodology","authors":"Muhammad Zafran, M. N. Arbab, Imtiaz K. Ahmad, Muhammad Usman Khan","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347010","url":null,"abstract":"Electric transmission congestion has always been a longstanding concern faced by Power System Operators of Pakistan (PSOP) due to uncontrollable power demand growth and outdated electric transmission infrastructure. For this reason, reliable and economic power supply is being frequently interrupted in order to relieve congestion even when adequate power supply is available. A possible solution is upgrading and expanding transmission lines by reconducting old lines, or, through construction of new ones. But the huge economic investment and the suffocating national economy are putting serious hurdles for such infrastructure improvement. More importantly, only infrastructure improvement is not a solution because of the exponential demand growth and the increasing need for power utilization from cheap energy sites and renewable energy sources. Hence, there is an urgent need for smart transmission systems that can monitor controlling factors (i.e. weather parameters and conductor thermal condition) in real time and estimate maximum allowable current carrying capacity (or ampacity) for optimal utilization. This paper presents an alternative solution based on Dynamic Thermal Rating (DTR) to alleviate electric transmission congestion and to keep power system intact especially in contingencies. The detailed assessment of Power System of Pakistan (PSP) reveals conservative and static approaches employed in rating overhead transmission lines and fixing protection equipment's settings. As a case study, 132KV transmission line in Lahore region of Pakistan was chosen keeping in view meteorological data availability and prevailing overloading issue in the area. The analysis discovers that smart adaptations based upon varying weather conditions, like ambient temperature, wind speeds, wind direction, solar radiations as well as adjustable conductor temperature, provide a feasible scenario for dynamic rating of transmission lines. Aggregating all supposed conditions, additional line's capacity can be increased up by 38.15% and 51.34% on average for day and night time respectively.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115363748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investing in hydro power sector for Pakistan's energy security","authors":"D. Naeem, A. Hashmi, Hamid Iftikhar, Muhammad Bilal Khan, W. A. Khan","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347003","url":null,"abstract":"Hydro power is currently the most widely used source of renewable energy in the world. It has a global installed capacity of more than 1000 GW (Giga Watts), and the capacity is expected to grow to 1680 GW by the year 2035, with non-OECD countries accounting for more than 90% of the said growth. This paper evaluates the historical account of the evolution of Pakistan's power market, current market scenario, the key power market participants and presents the case for development of hydro-power projects to solve the cotemporary energy crises of the energy starved country. Furthermore, the paper looks into the investment opportunities in context of enforced regulations by the authorities including tariff setting mechanism and financial modeling for an independent hydro power producer.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117033551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno, economic and environmental feasibility of CHP for a four star hotel","authors":"K. P. Amber, S. Bilal","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7346997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7346997","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to investigate the technical, economic and environmental feasibility of Combined Heat and Power for a four Star hotel situated in Islamabad. Historical energy consumption data was collected from the hotel and hourly electricity and thermal consumption profiles were developed. A CHP model was then developed for finding the optimum size of CHP. Results showed that a 307kW modulating CHP is the optimum option for the hotel as it offers a payback period of 1.55 years and will result in the hotel's CO2 emission reduction of 59%.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128867483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of common cause failures (CCFs) by using beta factor parametric model","authors":"Qazi Muhammad Nouman Amjad, M. Zubair, G. Heo","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347004","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear accidents and incidents such as Three Mile Island (TMI-2) accident (1979), Chernobyl disaster (1986) and the recent Fukushima nuclear disaster (2011) have caused people to be suspicious of the safety of nuclear energy, and have reduced the level of trust among public. Common cause failure (CCF) has been a major element of such accidents in terrestrial nuclear power reactors because of high redundancy built into the systems and susceptibility of these redundant systems to CCF mechanisms. For this purpose, ad hoc approaches used to be taken to address vulnerabilities to CCF by operating staff of the plants. A CCF event is a result of simultaneous failure of two or more individual components. Such an event can significantly affect the availability of safety systems and has long been recognized as an important issue in the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA). So a complicated and unresolved problem in the subject of safety and reliability is to model CCF in PSA. To overcome this problem the present research highlights a mathematical model to estimate system unavailability in nuclear power plants (NPPs) as well as in other industries. This mathematical model is based on Beta Factor parametric model. The motivation for development of this model lays in the fact that one of the most widespread software such as for fault tree (FT) and event tree (ET) modeling as part of the PSA does not comprise the option for simultaneous assignment of single failure event to multiple CCF groups. A significant finding from such modeling is that, in contrast to common expectations, a too early nuclear phase-out will not serve the deployment of renewable energy sources and rational use of energy. The proposed method can be seen as an advantage of the explicit modeling of CCF.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134153048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MPPT based ASBC controller and solar panel monitoring system","authors":"Haaris Rasool, Abdul Mutal, A. Rasool, W. Ahmad, A. Ikram","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7347002","url":null,"abstract":"The simulation work presented in this paper was carried out on microcontroller based Automated Solar Battery Charge Controller (ASBCC) for controlling the overcharging and deep discharging of a battery. The purpose of ASBCC is switching with help of programmed controller. Battery Charge Circuit (BCC) regulates the solar power to charge the battery to maximum specific level. Equipment's monitoring has always been essential. Software based Graphical User Interface (GUI) shows the digital values of output voltage, current, temperature and power of solar panel and battery charged status. These data is stored into the computer data base. GUI also indicates battery charging, discharging and load connected to panel. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is used to extract the maximum power from Solar panel and force the panel to operate at required power.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131012134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation and experimental investigation of the characteristics of a PV-harvester under different conditions","authors":"M. Aziz, Sohaib Ahmad, I. Husnain, Akaash Hassan, Umair Saleem","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7346992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7346992","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity demand is mounting around the world due to increased world population. For the years, conventional energy resources have been employed for the purpose of power generation. Rapid depletion plus their environmental and economic concerns has challenged the compatibility of conventional resources to deal with this mounting electricity demand. Therefore, it is necessary to exploit the renewable/alternative energy resources. Solar energy is among the best renewable energy options which is cheap and environment friendly. To utilize the dignified benefits of solar energy, it is necessary to know the characteristics of a solar harvester under varying conditions. This paper comprises of the simulation and experimental testing of an efficient but a simple PV-harvester. It presents the simulation as well as experimental investigation of the characteristics of a PV-harvester consisting of 72 solar cells. Experimental investigation of the PV-harvester has been done by measuring its voltage, current and power with varying irradiance and temperature during the month of June at “Multan city”. Simulation has been performed in MATLAB-SIMULINK environment with varying irradiance, temperature, series resistance and number of cells. Simulation and experimental testing of the harvester exhibits nonlinear power-voltage (P-V), current-voltage (I-V) and power-current (P-I) characteristics under the varying conditions. Experimental results, simulation results and manufacturer's data have been compared which are precisely matching.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128636644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical analysis of energy sources, technologies and infrastructure of energy","authors":"Misha Khan, Umair Akhtar, A. Shah, Alamzeb","doi":"10.1109/ICESP.2014.7346993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESP.2014.7346993","url":null,"abstract":"Ongoing energy crisis has marked itself to be one of the most difficult challenges and the most common problems. The motivation behind this study is to break down the way of this crisis and to propose some fleeting and additionally long haul answers for this issue. This research study is related to the up gradation of existing resources, technologies and infrastructures of energy. All the available resources in terms of renewable and non-renewable energy should be utilized in such a way that the energy crisis is mitigated in short terms for low cost and in feasible framework. The holes and flaws in the existing infrastructure of energy are analyzed in a technical way to extract the solution for energy crisis. The motivation behind this study is based on the roadmap of; How to solve the issues regarding energy crisis?; How to analyze the holes and flaws in the infrastructure of energy?; How to dig out the solutions for existing problems of energy crisis in Pakistan?; Technical analysis of the Renewable and Non-renewable energy technologies and resources.; Strategic plans for filling the energy shortages in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":404870,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Energy Systems and Policies (ICESP)","volume":"25 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125675189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}