J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics最新文献

{"title":"Building Corpora for the Philological Study of Swiss Legal Texts","authors":"S. Höfler, M. Piotrowski","doi":"10.5167/UZH-54761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5167/UZH-54761","url":null,"abstract":"We describe the construction of two corpora in the domain of Swiss legal texts: The DS21 corpus is based on the Collection of Swiss Law Sources and contains historical legal texts from the early Middle Ages up to 1798; the Swiss Legislation Corpus (SLC) is based on the Classified Compilation of Swiss Federal Legislation and contains all current Swiss federal laws. The paper summarizes the key properties of both corpora, discusses issues encountered while building them, and outlines some applications.","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116440497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective learning material for mobile devices: Visual data vs. Aural data vs. Text data","authors":"H. Miyakoda, K. Kaneko, Masatoshi Ishikawa","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.135","url":null,"abstract":"According to previous studies, visual data help to enhance vocabulary learning in a foreign language (e.g. Yeh and Wang 2003). However, it is not easy to create visual data for all lexical items. Particularly, we encounter problems when dealing with abstract words. In this paper","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123475393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linguistic Annotation, the Reunification of Linguistics and Philology, and the Reinvention of the Humanities for a Global Age","authors":"G. Crane","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.142","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the critical role that treebanks in particular and linguistic annotation in general must play if the Humanities are to advance the intellectual life of society as a whole. During the twentieth century we saw a rise in specialization that not only separated the practices of philology and linguistics among different researchers but wholly separate (and sometimes conflicting) departments. The reunification of linguistics with philology is an essential element in the evolution of the Humanities and serves three critical functions. First, linguistic annotation, both machine generated and human curated, is an essential element both for large scale analysis of topics that cross more languages than any research can study, much less master, and for the intensive analysis of individual source and topics. Second, the associated changes in the scale of research demand that we draw upon more cultural and linguistic expertise than the established universities of North America and Europe can offer – we must enlist new collaborators in nations such as Egypt, India, and China, whom boundaries of language and of culture have often kept isolated. Third, even a global network of advanced scholars and library professionals is not sufficient to analyze sources in thousands of languages produced over thousands of years. We must develop student researchers and citizen scholars and a new participatory of scholarship. The potential consequences of these three changes are immense and each depends upon contributions by members of this workshop.","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121158744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in Annotating Medieval Latin Charters","authors":"Timo Korkiakangas, M. Passarotti","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.150","url":null,"abstract":"No annotation guidelines concerning substandard Latin are presently available. This paper describes an annotation style of substandard Latin that supplements the method designed for standard Latin by the Perseus Latin Dependency Treebank and the Index Thomisticus Treebank. Each word of the corpus can be assigned only one morphological analysis. In our system, the analysis can be either functional or formal. Functional analysis is applied when a form is language-evolutionarily deducible from the corresponding standard Latin form used in the same (semantico-)syntactic function (e.g. solidus pro solidos ‘gold coins’ as a direct object: analysis “accusative”). Formal analysis applies when no connection to the functionally required classical form exists (e.g. heredibus pro heredes ‘heirs’ as a subject: analysis “ablative” or “dative”). When running queries on the corpus, the formally analysed forms can be isolated, and percentages of standard and substandard forms can be counted. In addition, further principles concerning syntax and specific morphological issues are introduced.","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129317206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Der eHumanities Desktop als Werkzeug in der historischen Semantik: Funktionsspektrum und Einsatzszenarien","authors":"Alexander Mehler, S. Schwandt, Rüdiger Gleim, Bernhard Jussen","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.139","url":null,"abstract":"Die Digital Humanities bzw. die Computational Humanities entwickeln sich zu eigenstandigen Disziplinen an der Nahtstelle von Geisteswissenschaft und Informatik. Diese Entwicklung betrifft zunehmend auch die Lehre im Bereich der geisteswissenschaftlichen Fachinformatik. In diesem Beitrag thematisieren wir den eHumanities Desktop als ein Werkzeug fur diesen Bereich der Lehre. Dabei geht es genauer um einen Bruckenschlag zwischen Geschichtswissenschaft und Informatik: Am Beispiel der historischen Semantik stellen wir drei Lehrszenarien vor, in denen der eHumanities Desktop in der geschichtswissenschaftlichen Lehre zum Einsatz kommt. Der Beitrag schliest mit einer Anforderungsanalyse an zukunftige Entwicklungen in diesem Bereich.","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122098217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Three-Step Model of Language Detection in Multilingual Ancient Texts","authors":"Maria Sukhareva, Zahurul Islam, Armin Hoenen, Alexander Mehler","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.155","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient corpora contain various multilingual patterns. This imposes numerous problems on their manual annotation and automatic processing. We introduce a lexicon building system, called Lexicon Expander, that has an integrated language detection module, Language Detection (LD) Toolkit. The Lexicon Expander post-processes the output of the LD Toolkit which leads to the improvement of f-score and accuracy values. Furthermore, the functionality of the Lexicon Expander also includes manual editing of lexical entries and automatic morphological expansion by means of a morphological grammar.","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130354466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annotating Corpora from Various Sources in the Humanities Domain","authors":"Voula Giouli","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.26.2011.146","url":null,"abstract":"  Voula Giouli  Annotating corpora from various sources in the humanities domain: shortcomings and issues  In this paper, we present work aimed at the linguistic annotation of Greek corpora that belong to the humanities domain, the focus being on the methodological principles as well as the implementation framework adopted. This framework builds on an existing XML annotation platform that was initially developed in an Information Extraction setting and in order to cope with texts that pertain to domains such as news, administrative, economics, etc.; we elaborate on the initial steps taken towards customization of the tools.","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126328909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meronymy Extraction Using An Automated Theorem Prover","authors":"Tim vor der Brück, H. Helbig","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.25.2010.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.25.2010.129","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a truly semantic-oriented approach for meronymy relation extraction. It directly operates, instead of syntactic trees or surface representations, on semantic networks (SNs). These SNs are derived from texts (in our case, the German Wikipedia) by a deep linguistic syntactico-se mantic analysis. The extraction of meronym/holonym pairs is carried out by using, among other components, an automated theorem prover, whose work is based on a set of logical axioms. The corresponding algorithm is combined with a shallow approach enriched with semantic information. Through the employment of logical methods, the recall and precision of the semantic patterns pertinent to the extracted relations can be increased considerably.","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127134362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating lexical competition - An Empirical Case Study of the German Spelling Reform of 1996/2004/2006","authors":"Steffen Eger","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.25.2010.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.25.2010.126","url":null,"abstract":"The German spelling reform of 1996/2004/2006 triggered the introduction of new or thographic variants in the German spelling system. These were the products of dif ferent kinds of modi cations enacted by the reform. They could be a result of a `mu tation'-like change of some of the characters of a word (as, for example, the change from Biographie to Biogra e), due to a writing as two words of a word form formerly written as one word (as in kennen lernen vs. kennenlernen), due to the introduction of a hyphenation (as in 17-jährig vs. 17jährig) or due to a change in the lower or upper case writing of words (as in im Allgemeinen vs. im allgemeinen). The goal of the current study is to present a transferable methodological framework in which the developments of the German spelling reform can be studied more precisely, the reactions of the language users, as representable by language corpora, to the speci ca tions purported by the reform. Particular interest lies in the distribution of competing forms; the spelling reform in general caused the simultaneous co-existence of two or, occassionally, more (semantically equivalent) forms, and the current survey tries to sketch the relative status of these competitors over time. The methods of analysis we thereby choose are general enough to be not only ap plicable to the particular situation of the German spelling reform, but to every state of a airs where two linguistic features are (partially) synonymous and are hence strict alternatives ( competitors ) of which the language user may choose. This encompasses for example the competition of a `native' and a `foreign' form in a particular natural language for example, in German, many modern English words are rivalling with traditional forms such as user vs. Benutzer, Band vs. Gruppe, etc. or the compe tition of other alternatives of varying origins such as in German indicative imperfect gewänne vs. gewönne, stünde vs. stände, etc., in English past participle shown vs. showed, simple past dreamed vs. dreamt, etc. or as in British versus American English labour vs. labor, bath vs. bathe. The structure of the current work is as follows. In Section 2 we give a short intro duction to the German spelling reform and the changes in the German orthographic system it entailed. Section 3 presents an overview over the data we use, which is based on DeReKo, the German reference corpus at the Institute for the German Language (IDS). Before illustrating the results of our analysis in Section 5, we detail various as pects of our methodological approach in Section 4; these comprise besides a time series representation of our data principal component analyses and clustering techniques for","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128525455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Markteffizienz durch Translation Memory Systeme? Intelligente Übersetzungstechnologien zur Reduktion von Transaktionskosten international agierender Unternehmen","authors":"Yvonne Zajontz, M. Kuhn, Vanessa Kollmann","doi":"10.21248/jlcl.25.2010.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.25.2010.128","url":null,"abstract":"Die Globalisierung der Markte und die zunehmende Internationalisierung der Wirtschaft stellt Unternehmen vor enorme Herausforderungen. Neue Anforderungen in der wirtschaftlichen Information und Dokumentation haben immer groseren Einfluss auf den Ausenhandelserfolg international agierender Unternehmen. Konsistente Terminologieund Ubersetzungsarbeiten konnen bisher nicht der Dynamik der internationalen Vernetzung der nationalen Volkswirtschaften folgen. Viele Unternehmen vernachlassigen diese erfolgskritischen Faktoren, obwohl (neue) Ubersetzungstechnologien eine grose Hilfe darstellen konnen. Welche Rolle spielen intelligente Ubersetzungsspeichersysteme, sogenannte „Translation Memory Systeme“ (TMS), im Zuge der Globalisierung? Welche Anforderungen mussen diese Systeme aus Unternehmenssicht heute erfullen, um Transaktionskosten senken zu konnen? Lassen sich aus der Sicht von Unternehmen weitere Optimierungspotentiale durch TMS-Produktinnovationen (wie etwa Open-Source-Losungen) standardisieren? Dieser Beitrag versucht, die aufgeworfenen Fragen auf Basis empirischer Erhebungen zu beantworten.","PeriodicalId":402489,"journal":{"name":"J. Lang. Technol. Comput. Linguistics","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128959672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}