Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)最新文献

{"title":"Uji Kinerja Pengeringan Gabah Menggunakan Pengering Rotari Berbahan Bakar Sekam Padi","authors":"Tamaria Panggabean, Ari Hayati, Arjuna Neni Triana","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2024.v12.i01.p22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2024.v12.i01.p22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kelemahan pengeringan gabah menggunakan sinar matahari atau penjemuran. Kelemahan pengeringan menggunakan sinar matahari antara lain memerlukan waktu berhari-hari dan tempat yang luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji mesin pengering rotari yang sudah dirancang untuk mengeringkan gabah. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental yang meliputi tahap pendekatan rancangan, rancangan struktural dan rancangan fungsional, setelah itu dilakukan pengujian kinerja pengering rotari. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah alat pengering rotari yang telah dirancang dan dikonstruksi telah dapat mengeringkan gabah sebanyak 20 kg dari kadar air awal 18 % menjadi ±14,27-14,73 % bb selama 5 jam, laju pengeringan yang dihasilkan sebesar 0,65-0,75 %/jam dan energi biomassa untuk pengeringan sebesar 22680 – 23040 kal serta massa 1 kg sekam padi dapat mengeringkan 2,5 kg gabah. \u0000Abstract \u0000This research is based on the limitation of drying paddy using sun drying. The weakness of sun drying, among others, takes days and a large space. This study aims to test rotary dryers that have been designed. The method of this research was experimental which consisted of design approach, structural design and functional design, followed by the performance test. The results obtained in this study were: rotary dryers that have been designed and constructed have been able to dry paddy as much as 20 kg from the initial water content of 18 % to 14.27-14.73 % bb for 5 hours, drying rate of 0.65-0.75 %/hour and the biomass energy required for drying of 22680 - 23040 cal, and the mass of 1 kg of rice husk was able to dry 2.5 kg of paddy.","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"31 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplikasi Pupuk Organik untuk Memperbaiki Kualitas Tanah pada Lahan Pertanian Intensif di Hulu DAS Bedadung","authors":"Idah Andriyani, Sri Wahyuningsih, Elida Novita, Heru Ernanda","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida kimia pada tanah akan menyebabkan pemadatan dan mengurangi jumlah organisme tanah. Pemadatan dan penurunan jumlah organisme tanah merupakan indikasi penurunan kualitas tanah secara fisik dan kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan pupuk organik dan pestisida nabati terhadap perubahan kualitas tanah pada lahan pertanian intensive di hulu DAS Bedadung. Penelitian dilakukan di Hulu DAS Bedadung dimana pertanian intensif dengan penggunaan pupuk kimia dan pertanian di lereng pegunungan untuk tanaman semusim cabai banyak dibudidayakan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancang Acak Kelompok (RAK) dua faktor. Parameter kualitas tanah yang diamati adalah struktur tanah, tekstur tanah, permeabilitas tanah dan B-Organik. Variabel pengamatan untuk produktivitas tanaman terdiri dari tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), dan hasil panen (gram). Perlakuan pupuk organik berdampak pada perubahan kualitas tanah dimana tekstur tanah mengalami perubahan menjadi sandy loam didominasi persentase pasir halus dan debu, ukuran agregat struktur tanah meningkat, permeabilitas tanah menjadi sedang - sangat lambat, dan bahan organik menjadi tinggi – sedang. Data tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun dianalisis menggunakan uji Two Way ANOVA. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu perlakuan paling efektif untuk produktivitas tanaman cabai terdapat pada perlakuan 0,25kg pupuk organik/tanaman dan 11ml/liter pestisida nabati dengan volume semprot 5,6 ml/tanaman menghasilkan nilai rata-rata 51,86 cm tinggi tanaman, 31,2 helai jumlah daun dan 59,39 gram buah cabai. \u0000Abstract \u0000The chemical fertilizers and pesticides used on the soil will lead to compaction and reduce the number of soil organisms. Compaction and soil organisms decrease indicated the physical and chemical quality of the soil decreases. The research aimed to analyze the application of organic fertilizer and organic pesticide in intensive farming systems in order to change soil quality to calculate of the level erosion hazard and productivity of chili plants. The research was carried out upstream of Bedadung Watershed. The experimental design used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two-factor. The observation of variables for soil quality parameters is soil structure, soil texture, soil permeability, and B-Organic. Whereas the observed plant productivity consisted of plant height (cm), number of leaves (strand), and yields (grams). The treatment of organic fertilizer also has an impact on changes in soil quality where the soil texture changes to sandy loam dominated by the percentage of fine sand and dust, the aggregate size of the soil structure increases, soil permeability become moderate - very slow, and organic material becomes high - moderate. Data on the height of plants and the number of leaves were analyzed using the Two Way of Anova test. The results of this study are that the most effective treatment for chili productivity is found in the treatm","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126833239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rancang Bangun Fertigasi Tetes dan Kontrol Lingkungan Mikro Berbasis IoT Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa L.)","authors":"S. Suhartono, Choirul Umam, S. Supriyadi, Estu Saputro","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Sistem pertanian dengan produksi yang maksimal dan optimal diperlukan untuk dapat diadopsi pada pertanian di Indonesia mengingat semakin meningkatnya populasi penduduk Indonesia. Salah satu teknologi pertanian untuk meningkatkan produksi adalah pemupukan otomatis dengan sistem irigasi tetes (fertigasi). Penerapan sistem fertigasi ini mengacu pada pemberian nutrisi tepat sasaran sesuai dengan kebutuhan tanaman sehingga dapat menghemat input sumberdaya. Selada memiliki potensi cukup menjanjikan untuk dikembangkan sebagai komoditas ekspor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk merancang alat fertigasi otomatis dengan sistem irigasi tetes dan kontrol lingkungan dan mengetahui pengujian alat fertigasi otomatis terhadap tanaman selada hijau (Lactuca sativa L.). Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat diimplementasikan dan dikembangkan di masyarakat. Penelitian dilakukan mulai dari perancangan, persiapan alat dan bahan; pengujian setiap komponen alat; perakitan dan pemrograman; pengujian sistem alat; dan pengujian terhadap tanaman selada. Alat ini menggunakan komponen sensor, mikrokontroler dan aktuator serta berbasis IoT (Internet of Things). Hasil menunjukkan alat dapat bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan ketentuan program yang diberikan dan hasil pengujian sensor alat mendapatkan nilai akurasi baik. Kinerja alat juga dapat dimonitoring melalui Smartphone Android. Hasil pengujian alat terhadap tanaman selada mendapat hasil lebih baik pada tinggi, bobot segar dan bobot ekonomis tanaman. Namun tidak menunjukkan perbedaan jauh pada jumlah daun. \u0000Abstract \u0000Indonesia needs to adopt the agricultural technique that gives high production to fulfill the need of its population. Automatic fertilizing with a drip irrigation system is one of the agricultural technologies to boost yield. Using this fertigation technology involves giving specific nutrients to plants based on their demands to conserve resource inputs. The potential for developing lettuce as an export commodity is highly encouraging. This study was to build an automatic fertigation device that includes a drip irrigation system, environmental management and to decide whether to test the device on green lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The research results are anticipated to be adopted and expanded in the community. The research began with designing and preparing instruments and materials; testing each instrument element; construction and programming; system testing tools; and evaluating lettuce plants. This instrument employs sensor components, microcontrollers, and actuators and is based on the IoT (Internet of Things). The results showed that the apparatus could function effectively following the program's specifications. However, the sensor could perform the tool's performance with high accuracy and be tracked by an Android smartphone. Testing the apparatus on lettuce plants showed that the plant tended to improve its height and yield in terms of fresh weight and economic weight compared to the plant water","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124992965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efisiensi Kinerja Traktor Singkal dan Traktor Rotari pada Pengolahan Tanah di Subak","authors":"I. W. Tika, S. Sumiyati, Ni Nyoman Sulastri, I. A. B. Madrini, Mentari Kinasih","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Sebelum petani Subak mengenal traktor, pengolahan tanah dilakukan dengan menggunakan cangkul atau bajak singkal yang ditarik oleh ternak. Pengolahan tanah dengan traktor yang dilengkapi dengan komplemen bajak singkal atau bajak rotari tidak dapat dihindari terjadinya kasus tumpang tindih (overlap) hasil pengolahan, sehingga hasil tanah olahan menjadi tidak efisien. Tumpang tindihnya hasil pengolahan tersebut terlihat dari perbedaan hasil tanah yang diolah. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut diperlukan kajian efisiensi pengolahan tanah pada Subak dengan menggunakan traktor singkal dan traktor rotari pada pengolahan tanah tahap pertama. Efisiensi kerja traktor diukur berdasarkan perbandingan antara kerja teoritis dan kerja riil.  Kerja teoritis diukur berdasarkan lebar komplemen alat olah baik bajak singkal maupun rotary serta rata-rata kecepatan gerak maju traktor saat mengolah tanah. Kerja riil diukur berdasarkan hasil kerja secara nyata di lapangan yaitu luasan lahan yang berhasil diolah dalam rentang waktu tertentu.  Data kerja riil juga dikonfirmasi berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan beberapa operator traktor. Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh efisiensi kerja traktor singkal sebesar 77,3% dan traktor rotari 55,2%. \u0000Abstract \u0000Before Subak farmers were familiar with tractors, land preparation was carried out using hoes or single-handed plows pulled by cattle. Land preparation with a tractor equipped with a complementary or rotary plow cannot be avoided in cases of overlap of processing results so that the processed soil results become inefficient. The overlapping results of the processing can be seen from the differences in the results of the processed soil. Based on these conditions, it is necessary to study the efficiency of tillage in Subak using single-axle tractors and rotary tractors in the first stage of tillage. Tractor work efficiency is measured based on a comparison between theoretical work and real work. Theoretical work is measured based on the width of the complement of the tiller, both short and rotary plows, and the average speed of the tractor's advance when cultivating the land. Real work is measured based on real work results in the field, namely the area of ??land that has been successfully processed within a certain time span. Real work data was also confirmed based on the results of discussions with several tractor operators. From the results of the data analysis, it was obtained that the work efficiency of the short tractor was 77.3% and that of the rotary tractor was 55.2%.","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126022594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Konsentrasi dan Jenis Tepung terhadap Karakteristik Kimia Pasta Ikan Mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus)","authors":"Yayang Sartika Nevianto Tanjung, I. Widia, Mentari Kinasih","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p23","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Semua jenis ikan pada dasarnya dapat diolah menjadi pasta ikan, akan tetapi belum tentu memiliki kualitas pasta yang terbaik. Penambahan bahan tambahan berupa tepung sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan tekstur, rendemen, daya ikat air, stabilitas saat disimpan beku, dan mengurangi berat susut akibat pemasakan pada pembuatan produk pasta ikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi penambahan tepung terhadap kimia pasta ikan mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 2 faktorial, dimana faktor I adalah jenis tepung yang terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan, yaitu tepung terigu, maizena, tapioka, dan faktor II adalah konsentrasi tepung yang terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Adapun parameter pengamatan terhadap sifat kimia pasta ikan mujair meliputi kadar air, derajat keasaman (pH), kadar protein, dan expressible moisture content (EMC). Data hasil pengamatan diolah menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan Kruskal-wallis, dan kemudian di uji lanjut Duncan bila terdapat pengaruh yang nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi perlakuan jenis dan konsentrasi penambahan tepung berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh parameter pengamatan dengan kombinasi perlakuan yang terbaik adalah jenis tepung maizena dengan penambahan konsentrasi sebesar 10% dengan nilai kadar air 73,62%, kadar protein 16,82%; derajat keasaman (pH) sebesar 6,97; dan expressible moisture content (EMC) sebesar 27,70%. \u0000Abstract \u0000All types of fish can be processed into fish paste, but not necessarily the quality of pasta. The additional ingredients in the form of flour are needed to improve texture, yield, water holding capacity, stability when stored frozen, and reduce weight loss due to cooking in the manufacture of fish paste products. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the type and concentration of flour addition on the chemistry of tilapia fish paste (Oreochromis mossambicus). This study used a 2-factorial completely-randomized design (CRD), where factor I was the type of flour consisting of 3 treatment levels, namely wheat flour, cornstarch, and tapioca, and factor II was flour concentration (5%, 10 %, 15%, and 20%). The parameters for observing the chemical properties of tilapia fish paste include water content, acidity (pH), protein content, and expressible moisture content (EMC). Observational data were processed using variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis, and then Duncan further tested if there was a significant effect. The results showed that the interaction of treatment type and concentration of flour addition had a significant effect on all observation parameters. The best treatment combination is cornstarch with an additional concentration of 10% with a water content value of 73.62%, the protein content of 16.82%; a degree of acidity (pH) of 6.97; and expressible moisture content (EMC) of 27.70%.","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123502650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifikasi Sifat Kimia Tanah Entisol di Lahan Kering Desa Sekon Kecamatan Insana Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara – NTT","authors":"Maria Angelina Tuas, Krisantus Tri Pambudi Raharjo, Origenes Boy Kapitan","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2022.v10.i02.p22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2022.v10.i02.p22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Kandungan unsur hara mempengaruhi kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas pertanian. Sebagian besar lahan pertanian di Desa Sekon mengalami gagal panen. Unsur hara dibutuhkan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman dalam jumlah tertentu sehingga dilakukan analisis kandungan unsur hara untuk mengetahui kesesuaiannya terhadap pertanian.   Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi sifat kimia tanah entisol di Desa Sekon, Kecamatan Insana, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara, NTT. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan menyajikan gambaran mengenai keadaan kimia tanah entisol di Desa Sekon menggunakan metode survei dan dianalisis laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar bahan organik tergolong rendah dengan persentase rata-rata berkisar antara 0,09 – 1,4%. Status keasaman tanah cenderung netral sampai alkalin dengan pH rata-rata 7,32. Kandungan C-organik bervariasi dari sangat rendah sampai rendah dengan persentase nilai rata-rata 0,57 %. Kandungan N-total  sangat rendah dengan persentase rata-rata 0,09 %. . Kandungan P tergolong sangat rendah sampai sedang dan kalium tergolong sangat rendah sampai rendah dengan rata-rata 0,34 me/100 g. \u0000Abstract \u0000Nutrient content affects soil fertility and agricultural productivity. Most of the agricultural land in Sekon Village experienced crop failure. Nutrients were needed to support plant growth and development in a certain amount so the analysis of the nutrient content was carried out to determine their suitability for agriculture. This study identified entisol soils in Sekon Village, Insana District, North Central Timor Regency, NTT. This research was a qualitative descriptive study aiming to present an overview of the chemical state of the entisol soil in Sekon Village using survey methods and laboratory analysis. The results showed the organic matter content was low with an average percentage ranging from 0.09 to 1.4%. Soil acidity status tends to be neutral to alkaline with an average pH of 7.32. The content of C-organic varied from very low to low with an average of 0.57%. The content of N-total was very low with an average percentage of 0.09%. P content was classified as very low to moderate and potassium was classified as very low to low with an average of 0.34 me/100 g.","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134021002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplikasi Pelapisan Kitosan untuk Meningkatkan Umur Simpan Salak (Salacca zalacca)","authors":"Erwidia Dwi Apriliyanti, Diana Purbasari","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2022.v10.i02.p21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2022.v10.i02.p21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Salak (Salacca zalacca) merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura asli Indonesia yang memiliki umur simpan yang pendek. Faktor yang mempengaruhi umur simpan buah salak adalah kontaminasi mikroorganisme, laju respirasi, dan transpirasi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelapisan (coating) kitosan terhadap karakteristik mutu dalam meningkatkan umur simpan buah salak. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor yaitu perbedaan konsentrasi kitosan dan waktu penyimpanan dalam suhu ruang. Data dianalisis menggunakan Anova two mix factors dengan tes (?=0,05), jika diperoleh berbeda nyata maka dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan susut bobot terendah pada konsentrasi kitosan 1% sebesar 10,8628%, kekerasan tertinggi  pada konsentrasi kitosan 1% sebesar 0,0971 N/mm2, nilai L tertinggi pada konsentrasi kitosan 1% sebesar 42,1744, nilai a tertinggi pada konsentrasi kitosan 0,5% sebesar 3,8944, nilai b tertinggi pada perlakuan konsentrasi kitosan 1% sebesar 9,7122 dan nilai Total Padatan Terlarut (TPT) terendah pada konsentrasi kitosan 1,5% sebesar 17,7000°brix \u0000Abstract \u0000Snakefruit (Salacca zalacca) is a horticultural plant native in Indonesia with a short shelf life. Factors affecting salak fruit's shelf life are microorganism contamination, respiration rate, and high transpiration. This study aims to determine the effect of chitosan coating on quality characteristics in increasing the shelf life of salak fruit. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors: differences in chitosan concentration and storage time at room temperature. The data were analyzed using an ANOVA two mix factor with a test (? = 0,05), if it was found to be significantly different, Duncan's further test was carried out. The results showed the lowest weight loss at 1% chitosan concentration was 10,8628%, the highest hardness was at 1% chitosan concentration at 0,0971 N/mm2, the highest L value at 1% chitosan concentration was 42,1744, the highest a value was at concentration 0,5% chitosan was 3,8944, the highest b value at 1% chitosan concentration was 9,7122 and the lowest Total Dissolved Solids (TPT) was at 1,5% chitosan concentration at 17,7000°brix.","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126592411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Diameter Pipa Inlet pada Pompa Hidram (Hydraulic Ram) terhadap Kemampuan Menaikan Air","authors":"I. Deva, I. P. S. Wirawan, I. G. K. A. Arthawan","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Indonesia memiliki beberapa sumber air yang berada di bawah pemukiman masyarakat, sehingga menyebabkan sulitnya pendistribusian air. Salah satu teknologi sederhana yang digunakan untuk menaikkan air dari tempat yang lebih rendah ke tempat yang lebih tinggi adalah pompa hidram. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh diameter pipa inlet terhadap ketinggian tempat dan waktu untuk menaikan air. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan fungsional dan uji kinerja alat dengan tiga buah pipa inlet berukuran 2,54 cm, 3,175 cm dan 3,81 cm. ketinggian inlet masing-masing 80 cm, 110 cm dan 140 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan diameter pipa inlet berpengaruh terhadap ketinggian tempat dan waktu untuk menaikan air. Pipa inlet terbaik berukuran 2,54 cm dapat menghasilkan debit air dengan ketinggian inlet 80 cm, 110 cm, dan 140 cm. Rasio perbandingan debit masuk dan keluar sebesar 5:1, sedangkan Rasio ketinggian maksimal pemompaan sebesar 1:5. Debit air yang dihasilkan di Subak Bunut adalah 0,00831 liter/detik dengan jarak tempuh 20 meter dan ketinggian maksimal 470 cm. \u0000Abstract \u0000Indonesia has several water sources under community settlements, making difficult water distribution. The simple technology used to raise water from a lower place to a higher one is a hydraulic ram pump. This study aims to obtain the inlet diameter pipe concerning the height of the place and the time to raise the water. The research method uses a functional design and tool performance test with three inlet pipes measuring 2.54 cm, 3.175 cm, and 3.81 cm. the inlet heights are 80 cm, 110 cm, and 140 cm, respectively. The results showed that inlet diameter affected the height of the place and the time to raise the water. The best inlet pipe measuring 2.54 cm can produce water discharge with inlet heights of 80 cm, 110 cm, and 140 cm. The ratio of the inlet and outlet discharge ratio is 5:1, while the maximum pumping height ratio is 1:5. The water discharge produced in Subak Bunut is 0.00831 liter/second with a distance of 20 meters and a maximum height of 470 cm.","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127212173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Suhu Dan Waktu Pengeringan Terhadap Karakteristik Biji Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Kering","authors":"Dewa Ayu Tari, P. K. D. Kencana, I. B. P. Gunadnya","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p24","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu pengeringan terhadap karakteristik biji kakao kering serta mendapatkan kombinasi suhu dan waktu pengeringan terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor, yaitu suhu (50oC, 60oC dan70oC) dan waktu (15 dan 20 jam). Biji kakao dikumpulkan dan dilakukan proses fermentasi menggunakan kotak kayu albesia ukuran 26cm x 25cm x 23cm dengan ketebalan 2 mm selama 5 hari. Setelah fermentasi selesai, biji direndam dan dibersihkan menggunakan air mengalir. Pengeringan dimulai dengan memasukan biji ke dalam alat pengering dehydrator model ST-02.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan suhu dan waktu pengeringan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap parameter kadar air, kadar kulit, uji belah setelah pengeringan, kadar lemak, uji organoleptik meliputi warna, rasa nibs, tekstur, aroma, dan penerimaan keseluruhan namun. Suhu dan waktu pengeringan tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah biji setiap 100 g.  Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik perlakuan Suhu 60oC (S2) dan Waktu Pengeringan 20 jam (T2) dengan 7,56% kadar air, 10,75% kadar kulit, 3 % biji tidak terfermentasi, 7% biji setengah terfermentasi, 90% biji terfermentasi sempurna, 48,83% kadar lemak, 4,66 uji hedonik warna, 4,13 rasa keping, 4,13 tekstur, 4,33 aroma, dan 4,60 penerimaan keseluruhan. \u0000Abstract \u0000This research aims to determine the effect of temperature and drying time on the characteristics of dry cocoa beans and to obtain the best combination of temperature and drying time. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, there is temperature (50oC, 60oC, and 70oC) and time (15 and 20 hours). Cocoa beans were collected and fermented using an albesia wooden box measuring 26cm x 25cm x 23cm with a thickness of 2 mm until five days. After finished fermentation, the seeds are soaked and cleaned using running water. The drying stage begins by inserting the seeds into a dehydrator dryer model ST-02. The results showed that temperature and drying time had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the parameters (moisture content, skin content, split test after drying, fat content, and organoleptic tests color, taste of nibs, texture, aroma, and overall acceptance).  Temperature and drying time did not affect the number of seeds per 100 g. The best treatment combination was 600C temperature (S2) and 20 hours of drying time (T2) with 7.56% moisture content, 10.75% skin content, 3% unfermented beans, 7% semi-fermented beans, 90% completely fermented beans, 48.83% fat content, 4.66 colors hedonic test, 4.13 chip taste, 4.13 texture, 4.33 aroma, and 4.60 total acceptance.","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130890209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Pelapisan Emulsi Minyak Wijen dan Minyak Sereh terhadap Karakter Fisik dan Kimia Buah Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annum L.) selama Penyimpanan","authors":"Nyoman Yoga Pradana, I. M. S. Utama, Ni Nyoman Sulastri","doi":"10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2023.v11.i01.p20","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Cabai merah besar merupakan salah satu sayuran hortikultura yang mudah rusak setelah dipanen. Kerusakan terjadi akibat proses pascapanen seperti kerusakan fisiologis, mekanis maupun mikrobiologis. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi kerusakan dan memperpanjang masa simpan buah tersebut adalah menggunakan edible coating. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelapisan emulsi minyak wijen dan minyak sereh terhadap karakteristik fisik dan kimia buah cabai merah besar (Capsicum annum L.) serta untuk memperoleh kombinasi perlakuan minyak wijen dan minyak sereh yang dapat memperlambat kerusakan fisik dan kimia buah cabai merah besar selama penyimpanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah minyak wijen (W) terdiri dari 3 level konsentrasi, yaitu: 0%, 0,5% dan 1% serta faktor kedua adalah minyak sereh (S) yang terdiri dari 3 level konsentrasi: 0%, 0,5% dan 1% dengan 3 kali ulangan sehingga menghasilkan 27unit percobaan. Keragaman data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis keragaman dan apabila perlakuan berpengaruh terhadap parameter yang diamati maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengaruh pemberian emulsi minyak wijen dan sereh berpengaruh terhadap nilai susut bobot, intensitas kerusakan, kadar vitamin C dan total padatan terlarut buah cabai merah besar selama penyimpanan. Perlakuan kombinasi minyak wijen dan minyak sereh dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 0,5% (W1S1) merupakan perlakuan yang menghasilkan nilai terbaik yaitu nilai susut bobot 50,7%, intensitas kerusakan sebesar 43,33%, kadar vitamin C sebesar 8,9 mg/100g dan total padatan terlarut 3,27 °Brix. \u0000Abstract \u0000Big red chili pepper is one of the horticultural vegetables susceptible to damage after harvesting. The damage occurs due to postharvest processes such as physiological, mechanical, and microbiological damage. One way to reduce the fruit damage and extend the shelf life of the fruit is to use an edible coating. This study aims to determine the effect of the emulsion coating on the physical and chemical characteristics of large red chili (Capsicum annum L.) and to obtain a combination of sesame oil and citronella oil treatment that could slow the physical and chemical damage of red chilies while in storage. This study used a factorial Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is sesame oil (W) consisting of 3 concentration levels: 0%, 0.5% and 1%. The second factor is citronella oil (S) which consists of 3 concentration levels: 0%, 0.5%, and 1%, with three replications resulting in 27 experimental units. The uniformity of data was analyzed using uniformity analysis; and Duncan's test. The results showed that the effect of sesame and lemongrass oil emulsions affected fruit weight loss, damage intensity, vitamin C levels, and total soluble solids while in storage. The combination treatment of sesame ","PeriodicalId":400994,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128958721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}