{"title":"Slavery and the church in the Stellenbosch district during the eighteenth century","authors":"G. Groenewald","doi":"10.4314/SAJCH.V24I2.64692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJCH.V24I2.64692","url":null,"abstract":"Two of the many consequences of the expansion of Europe during the early modern period were the spread of Christianity to areas outside of the Mediterranean world and the large-scale forced migration of enslaved people to work in European colonies. How did the institution of slavery impact on the practice of Christianity in a Protestant colony such as the Cape? This article investigates this question with a study of how the larger context of church practice and dogma influence the reality of a slave-owning society in the district of Stellenbosch during the VOC era. It shows that although a few slave individuals were baptised in the Dutch Reformed Church, only a very small number of them became actual members of the Church. This, it is argued, was related to the inherent contradiction between the requirements of the Church - that its members be knowledgeable and lead moral lives - and the reality of a slave's existence - which allowed little opportunity for free time and study and made relationships between men and women technically illegal by not allowing formal marriage. It is for these reasons that so few slaves could be Christians - at least in the eyes of the official Church - in eighteenth-century Stellenbosch.\u0000Slawerny en die Kerk in die Distrik Stellenbosch gedurende die 18de eeu\u0000Twee van die vele gevolge van die uitbreiding van Europa gedurende die vroegmoderne era was die verspreiding van die Christendom na areas buite die Mediterreense wereld, en die grootskaalse gedwonge migrasie van slawe om in Europese kolonies te werk. Hoe het die instelling van slawerny die praktyk van die Christendom beinvloed in 'n Protestantse kolonie soos die Kaap? Hierdie artikel ondersoek die vraag deur na te gaan hoe die groter konteks van kerkpraktyk en -dogma die daaglikse realiteit van 'n slawegemeenskap in die distrik Stellenbosch gedurende die era van die Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC) beinvloed het. Die artikel wys daarop dat hoewel 'n paar slawe deur die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk gedoop is, slegs 'n baie klein aantal van hulle volle lidmate van die Kerk geword het. Daar word verder geargumenteer dat hierdie stand van sake die gevolg was van die inherente onversoenbaarheid tussen die vereistes van die Kerk - naamlik dat sy lidmate kennis moet he en sedelike lewens moet lei - en die realiteit van die slawebestaan - wat weinig geleentheid vir vrye tyd en studie gebied het en die verhouding tussen mans en vrouens tegnies onwettig gemaak het deur geen formele huwelike tussen slawe toe te laat nie. Dit is om hierdie redes dat so min slawe Christene kon wees - in elk geval in die oe van die amptelike Kerk - in agtiende-eeuse Stellenbosch.","PeriodicalId":40076,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Cultural History","volume":"24 1","pages":"25-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70618124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Verwysings na die woordtekste van Afrikaanse volksliedere in die roman Agaat van Marlene van Niekerk","authors":"H. V. D. Mescht","doi":"10.4314/SAJCH.V24I2.64695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJCH.V24I2.64695","url":null,"abstract":"Marlene van Niekerk se roman Agaat (2004) het baie literere pryse gewen, onder andere die Hertzogprys, en is in Engels en Nederlands vertaal. Tydens die verloop van die roman word daar baie verwysings na musiek gemaak, hetsy gewyde, klassieke, populere of Afrikaanse volksliedere. In die artikel word aanhalings uit die woordtekste van Afrikaanse volksliedere (meesal uit Die F.A.K.-Volksangbundel) bespreek. Hierdie verwysings word dikwels deur die hoofkarakter Agaat gebruik wanneer sy werk met Milla, haar bedgebonde meesteres, wat sy nou moet versorg tydens Milla se laaste dae. Die verwysings word meesal op ’n ironiese, onsensitiewe en wrede manieraangewend. Hierdeur toon Agaat die wrewel wat sy teenoor Milla voel. Party lawwe aanhalings van Afrikaanse volksliedere gee egter ook aan die hoofkarakters Agaat en Milla verligting van die moeilike omstandighede waarin hulle hulle bevind. Deur die voortdurende aanhaling word die Afrikaanse kulturele milieu waarin die roman afspeel, verhelder. Sleutelterme: Afrikaanse volksliedere, Agaat, Die F.A.K.-Volksangbundel, Marlene van Niekerk, verwysings","PeriodicalId":40076,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Cultural History","volume":"24 1","pages":"54-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70618233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review: O.J.O. Ferreira, \"ILHA DE OÇAMBIQUE BYNA HOLLANDS\"","authors":"J. Pretorius","doi":"10.4314/SAJCH.V24I2.64698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJCH.V24I2.64698","url":null,"abstract":"O.J.O. FERREIRA ILHA DE MOCAMBIQUE BYNA HOLLANDS – Portugese inbesitname, Nederlandse veroweringspogings en die opbloei en verval van Mosambiek-eiland Adamastor, Jeffreysbaai & Gordonsbaai, 2010 Sagteband, illustrasies, voorwoord, kaarte, bylae – Gesaghebbers van Ilha de Mocambique, 1506-1898, bronne, register, 131 bladsye. ISBN 978-0-620-45057-7 R110","PeriodicalId":40076,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Cultural History","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70618298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review: Karel Schoeman, \"Handelsryk in die Ooste. Die wêreld van die VOC,1619-1688 (Kolonie aan die Kaap, 2)\"","authors":"H. Heese","doi":"10.4314/SAJCH.V24I1.64687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJCH.V24I1.64687","url":null,"abstract":"KAREL SCHOEMAN Handelsryk in die Ooste. Die wereld van die VOC, 1619-1688. (Kolonie aan die Kaap, 2) Protea Boekhuis, Pretoria 2009 Hardeband met stofomslag, 351 pp. ISBN 978-1-86919-270-9 R300","PeriodicalId":40076,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Cultural History","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70617793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review: Marthinus van Bart, \"Songs of the Veld and other poems. English poemson the Anglo-Boer War\"","authors":"D. Prinsloo","doi":"10.4314/SAJCH.V24I1.64690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJCH.V24I1.64690","url":null,"abstract":"MARTHINUS VAN BART (editor) Songs of the Veld and other poems. English poems on the Anglo-Boer War. Illustrated facsimile: Introduced by Marthinus van Bart. Preface, Acknowledgements, Introduction, Postscript; Bibliography; Footnotes; Addendum, 304 pp. Cederberg Publishers 2008 ISBN 978-0-620-39432-1 R285 (Order directly from orders@bookpro.co.za; also available at Exclusive Books and Protea Boekhuis countrywide)","PeriodicalId":40076,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Cultural History","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70617858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural identity and military chaplaincy, with special reference to the Namibian War of Independence, 1966-1989","authors":"I. Bredenkamp, A. Wessels","doi":"10.4314/SAJCH.V24I1.64614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJCH.V24I1.64614","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a historical perspective on the influence of the diverse cultural traditions of the Afrikaans and English language communities on military chaplaincy, especially during the time of the Namibian War of Independence (1966-1989), also known as the Border War or the Bush War. A brief historical background is provided, in terms of which the cultural divide between the two groups, and their different perspectives with regard to military chaplaincy during the two world wars, are explained. During the Namibian War of Independence these differences resulted, on the one hand, in a crusade mentality aimed at defending Christianity, and, on the other hand, in a denunciation of military chaplaincy. Oral-history testimonies obtained from chaplains who had ministered during the Namibian War of Independence revealed that the influence of the cultural discord lay far deeper than the socio-political sentiments of the day, and contributed to the development of a sense of alienation on the part of English chaplains with regard to the South African Chaplain Service (SACHS).\u0000Kulturele identiteit en die militere kapelaansdiens, met spesiale verwysing na die Namibiese vryheidsoorlog, 1966-1989\u0000Die artikel gee 'n historiese perspektief op die invloed van diverse kulturele tradisies van die Afrikaans- en Engelssprekende gemeenskappe op die militere kapelaansdiens, met besondere verwysing na die Namibiese vryheidsoorlog (1966-1989), ook bekend as die grensoorlog of die bosoorlog. 'n Kort historiese agtergrond word gegee om die kulturele skeiding tussen die twee kultuurgroepe, en hulle verskillende perspektiewe op die militere kapelaansdiens tydens die twee wereldoorloe te verduidelik. Gedurende die Namibiese vryheidsoorlog het die diverse kulturele beskouings aanleiding gegee tot, aan die een kant, 'n kruisvaartingesteldheid om die Christelike kultuureiendom te beskerm en, aan die ander kant, die verwerping van die militere kapelaansdiens. Mondelinge getuienisse van kapelane wat tydens die Namibiese vryheidsoorlog gedien het, het aangetoon dat die invloed van kulturele verskille veel dieper gesny het as die sosiaal-politieke sentimente van die dag en daartoe aanleiding gegee het dat Engelssprekende kapelane 'n vervreemding van die Suid-Afrikaanse Kapelaansdiens (SAKD) beleef het.","PeriodicalId":40076,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Cultural History","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70617762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review: Vivien Allen, \"Lady Trader – A biography of Mrs Sarah Heckford\"","authors":"J. Pretorius","doi":"10.4314/SAJCH.V24I1.64683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJCH.V24I1.64683","url":null,"abstract":"VIVIEN ALLEN Lady Trader – A biography of Mrs Sarah Heckford (Second Edition) Protea Book House, Pretoria 2010 Soft cover, index, foreword, index of names of persons and places, 307 pp. Illustrations – photographs, paintings and drawings, 12 pp. ISBN 978-1-86919-337-7 R225","PeriodicalId":40076,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Cultural History","volume":"123 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70617897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oral testimonies as a source of community history, with special reference to the Batho Project, Bloemfontein","authors":"D. Bruyn","doi":"10.4314/SAJCH.V24I2.64691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJCH.V24I2.64691","url":null,"abstract":"The value of oral testimonies as a source for researching and writing community history is investigated with special reference to the National Museum’s Batho Project. The role of oral history and its contribution towards the study of community history as a sub-discipline of history is discussed. Oral history, community history and cultural history not only complement one another, but also facilitate the holistic study of a community’s history. This article also looks at the ways in which oral testimonies may be used as source material for the writing of a community’s history. The purpose of the Batho Project, how the project was implemented and the experience gained thus far is also discussed. Finally, the importance and signifi cance of community history in the South African context is evaluated. Key words: Batho; Batho Project; community history; cultural history; oral history; oral testimonies","PeriodicalId":40076,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Cultural History","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70617915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}