ACS Applied Electronic Materials最新文献

{"title":"Relative Humidity Detection in TiO2 Quantum Dots and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Sensors through Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy","authors":"Renan B. Estefani,&nbsp;Angela A. B. Cárdenas,&nbsp;Ibrahim B. Usman,&nbsp;Guilherme J. P. de Abreu and José P. M. Serbena*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c0013010.1021/acsaelm.5c00130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00130https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00130","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Humidity sensors demonstrate significant sensitivity to changes in relative humidity (RH), which is essential for applications in various fields such as environmental monitoring, agriculture, and industrial processes. High sensitivity allows for more accurate and timely detection of humidity levels, which can be critical for maintaining optimal conditions in sensitive environments. This work investigates titanium dioxide quantum dots (TiO₂ QDs) integrated with nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (A-MWCNTs) for enhanced relative humidity (RH) sensing. Impedance spectroscopy revealed a six-order magnitude impedance drop from 5% to 85% RH, highlighting improved ionic conduction. The highest sensitivity achieved was 0.10 orders of magnitude per %RH at 100 Hz, while the lowest limit of detection (13% RH) and fastest recovery time (5.5 s) occurred at 15 kHz. In addition, the sensors exhibit different performance characteristics at various frequencies, allowing for tailored applications based on specific needs. For instance, higher frequencies may provide better stability and lower detection limits, while lower frequencies may enhance the sensitivity. This versatility can lead to improved sensor designs for specific operational contexts. These findings emphasize adsorption-driven mechanisms at low RH and proton conduction at high RH, positioning TiO₂ QD/A-MWCNTS composites as promising candidates for advanced humidity sensors with adjustable performance and frequency flexibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4413–4424 4413–4424"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Biomimetic Metal Diaphragm Vibration Sensor with High-Frequency Response Based on a Rigid-Flexible Hybrid Design Strategy","authors":"Huansheng Wu,&nbsp;Cong Wang*,&nbsp;Xiaojin Xu,&nbsp;Zhengzhi Mu,&nbsp;Jingxiang Wang,&nbsp;Shichao Niu,&nbsp;Xiao Liu,&nbsp;Xiaosong Feng,&nbsp;Linpeng Liu*,&nbsp;Ji’an Duan and Zhiwu Han,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c0057610.1021/acsaelm.5c00576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00576https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00576","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High-frequency weak vibrations are a common occurrence in the operation of mechanical equipment and can convey significant information regarding the status of the equipment, including warnings of potential faults and assessments of performance. However, conventional sensors that employ a single flexible material are constrained by the inherent mechanical properties of the material itself. This results in suboptimal performance, particularly concerning the response frequency bandwidth and the response/recovery time. This study proposes a vibration sensor concept based on a rigid-flexible hybrid design strategy inspired by the structural properties of vibration receptors in biological cracks. The developed sensor employs a femtosecond laser technique to generate a cracked microstructure on a copper metal diaphragm, and a nano silver conductive sensing layer is axially deposited on the PDMS located on its surface by magnetron sputtering. The experimental findings demonstrate that the vibration sensor exhibits an ultrawide frequency response bandwidth and is capable of accurately monitoring vibrations with frequencies up to 1500 Hz. Additionally, it displays excellent linearity (0.97704 in the range of 0–1660 Pa and 0.99182 in the range of 1660–2830 Pa). Furthermore, the experimental findings demonstrate that the designed vibration sensor is not only suitable for speech monitoring and recognition but also has the potential for wide-ranging utilization in vibration monitoring of mechanical equipment. This contributes to the advancement of flexible sensor technology to a more sophisticated level.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4639–4648 4639–4648"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absorption-Dominant Electromagnetic Interference Shielding of Polymer Nanocomposite PVDF/LiNbO3 for High-Frequency Microwave Application","authors":"Sudhansu Sekhar Hota*,&nbsp;Debasish Panda,&nbsp;S. B. Bhoobash,&nbsp;Soumya Mishra,&nbsp;L. Biswal,&nbsp;Sushil Joshi,&nbsp;Alok Shukla,&nbsp;Dibyaranjan Das,&nbsp;Ram Naresh Prasad Choudhary and S. K. S. Parashar,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c0031610.1021/acsaelm.5c00316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00316https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00316","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The swift advancement of wireless communication technology and the miniaturization of electronic devices have significantly increased the need for lightweight, waterproof, and flexible high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. This study explores the creation of a multifunctional polymer nanocomposite film utilizing a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix incorporated with lithium niobate, LiNbO₃ (LNO) filler, which enhances the attenuation of incoming electromagnetic (EM) radiation. The structural and morphological characteristics of the composite were analyzed through the β-phase fraction of PVDF and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. This distinctive magnetodielectric coupling yielded a remarkably high total electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE_T) of −62.56 at 8 GHz and −53.62 at 18 GHz, primarily driven by absorption-based shielding. Such high shielding effectiveness underscores the capability of the material to attenuate incoming EM radiation, and the improvement in structural attributes further confirms its suitability for cost-effective and tunable applications. The PVDF-LNO composite exhibits excellent dielectric absorption properties along with dielectric and magnetic loss, making it ideal for EMI shielding. These results position the nanocomposite as a promising specimen to use in the wide frequency range, especially in satellite communication systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4481–4492 4481–4492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00316","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ni/Co Stacked Metal–Organic Framework-Based Nanoelectronic Device Integrated with Smartphone for Real-Time Nitrite Sensing","authors":"Shubhangi,&nbsp;Rohini Kumari,&nbsp;Arkya Jyoti Ghosh,&nbsp;Supratim Mahapatra,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar Rai and Pranjal Chandra*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c0027010.1021/acsaelm.5c00270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00270https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00270","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are 3D materials with advanced characteristics due to their porous nature and the presence of catalytic nodal metal centers. These materials can be of enormous importance as sensor matrix components for wide applications, such as environmental monitoring. In this work, we have attempted the stacking of two MOFs, a NiMOF, followed by CoMOF, which was further functionalized with gold nanoparticles to detect nitrite ions (NO₂^–) in real/environmental water samples. Nitrite is a naturally occurring plant nutrient present in the soil and is also used as a preservative in industries; however, it can generate carcinogenic precursors at higher concentrations. The catalytic sensing probe was developed to detect NO₂^– through its electrochemical oxidation to NO₃^– at a specific potential. The glassy carbon electrode/nickel MOF/cobalt MOF (GCE/NiMOF/CoMOF) surface was constructed through a facile and faster approach of electrodeposition. The final sensing probe was thoroughly characterized by various physical and electrochemical techniques. It displayed enhanced analytical performance in terms of its wide linear dynamic range between 0.01 to 1000 μM and a limit of detection of 4.2 nM. It exhibited a rapid average response time of about &lt;1.5 s, making it an ultrasensitive sensing platform for NO₂^– in environmental water samples. A systematic integration with a smartphone application has also been proposed for on-site application of the sensor, where a single-fed input value determines the real-time NO₂^– concentration in test water samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4457–4471 4457–4471"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Radar Stealth Performance of High-Efficiency Nb2CTx-MXene/α-Fe Heterogeneous Composites with Synergistic Magnetic-Dielectric Loss","authors":"Murtaza Mudasar,&nbsp;Bagh Hussain,&nbsp;Shuoyu Lian,&nbsp;Xiang Li* and Xingwang Cheng,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c0044010.1021/acsaelm.5c00440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00440https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00440","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, inorganic Nb₂CT_<i>x</i> MXene was synthesized through a hydrofluoric acid etching process, and α-Fe nanoparticles prepared via the thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl were combined in varying weight ratios through electrostatic self-assembly. Remarkably, α-Fe@6%Nb₂CT_<i>x</i> composite with a thickness of 1.5 mm, achieves highly efficient microwave absorption with an ultrawide effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.2 GHz, covering the frequency range of 10.8 to 18 GHz, representing more than a 100% increase in comparison to single-phase α-Fe, which has an EAB of 3.2 GHz. Further increases in Nb₂CT_<i>x</i> content, up to 20%, shift the EAB toward lower frequencies, approaching 2 GHz. The superior electromagnetic wave absorption performance of α-Fe@Nb₂CT_<i>x</i> composites results from the synergistic interplay of multicomponent interfacial polarization, diverse loss mechanisms, and optimized impedance matching, as validated by electromagnetic parameter analysis. Moreover, the synergistic magnetic and dielectric loss characteristics of Nb₂CT_<i>x</i> MXene outperform those of previously reported titanium and vanadium carbide MXenes, which possess only dielectric loss properties, making it a uniquely effective material for electromagnetic wave absorption. The exceptional capability of the α-Fe@Nb₂CT_<i>x</i> MXene composite to attenuate electromagnetic waves (EMWs) was validated by radar cross-section (RCS) computations, which achieved a maximum RCS reduction value of 36.4 dBsm at an incident wave angle of θ = 37.6°. This study presents advancements in the design and development of high-performance, multicomponent heterostructure composites as next-generation electromagnetic wave absorbers with wideband absorption, superior efficiency, lightweight properties, and ultrathin structures, making them highly promising for radar stealth applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4557–4571 4557–4571"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropy and Coupling in Magnetic Stripe Geometries","authors":"Chuang Wang,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Wang,&nbsp;Mengchen Liu,&nbsp;Ruoying Wang,&nbsp;Jie Xu,&nbsp;Kai Li*,&nbsp;Yunhe Zhao,&nbsp;Lining Pan and Derang Cao*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c0013810.1021/acsaelm.5c00138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00138https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00138","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Magnetic films with periodic stripe geometries exhibit tunable in-plane magnetic anisotropy fields and interstripe dipole coupling, governed by key geometric parameters including stripe thickness, width, and distance. In this study, we systematically investigated the contributions of shape-induced anisotropy and dipole interactions to the effective anisotropy field using micromagnetic simulations complemented by experimental validation on FeCo alloy films. The results reveal that increasing stripe thickness significantly enhances shape anisotropy fields and interstripe coupling due to increased magnetostatic volume contributions and exerts a substantial influence on interstripe coupling strength, a factor previously overlooked in studies focused on stripe spacing. In contrast, increasing stripe width reduces anisotropy fields due to weakened confinement effects, while narrow stripe spacing amplifies dipolar coupling, intensifying magnetic interactions. Experimental hysteresis measurements corroborate simulation trends despite minor deviations arising from fabrication imperfections. Furthermore, ternary contour diagrams constructed from theoretical and experimental data elucidate the competitive interplay among geometric parameters, providing a robust framework for tailoring anisotropy and dipolar coupling in spintronic applications. This study bridges the gap between simulation and experiment, offering valuable insights into designing magnetic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4425–4434 4425–4434"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Noninvasive Triboelectric Fruit Freshness Sensor with ZnO and PVA Layers","authors":"Vikram Dabi,&nbsp;Amrita Banerjee,&nbsp;Bikash Baro,&nbsp;Ratan Boruah and Sayan Bayan*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c0044110.1021/acsaelm.5c00441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00441https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00441","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Here, we report the development of a triboelectric fruit freshness sensor (TFFS) as a pathway for a noninvasive hassle-free technique to monitor fruit quality with time. The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based flexible sensor has been fabricated using a dual-layer combination of a ZnO nanowall film and a PVA layer, which offers a superior output (∼55% higher than bare ZnO) by virtue of triboelectrification at two interfaces. The strategical inclusion of the PVA layer offers a superior humidity sensing ability TENG with a sensitivity of 0.4 V/% RH. Probing the surface of fruits like banana, tomato, etc., through a simple touch, a rising trend of TFFS output is observed that corroborates to the postharvest water loss event. The attainment of the highest output indicates the ripening stage, which is also supported by the visible impression. With preserving days, the declining nature of the output beyond the peak indicates the aging-related surface degradation due to reduction in firmness, moisture settlement, etc. Specifically, the TFFS exhibits a distinct output drop pattern with preserving time for climacteric (∼0.8 V/day) and nonclimacteric fruits (∼0.05 V/day) due to variations in water loss, CO₂ emission during ripening, and senescence stages for the two different classes. Such a noninvasive and real-time sensing capability of the fabricated TFFS makes it a promising technology for monitoring fruit quality throughout the supply chain to reduce the food waste problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4572–4581 4572–4581"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inkjet Printable Conductive Activated Carbon Ink from Sustainable Sources","authors":"João Paulo Vita Damasceno,&nbsp;Valerio Francesco Annese*,&nbsp;Giulia Coco,&nbsp;Lauro Tatsuo Kubota and Mario Caironi*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.4c0150910.1021/acsaelm.4c01509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.4c01509https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.4c01509","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Inkjet printing offers an attractive manufacturing method for flexible and large-area electronics, yet formulating sustainable inks not derived from fossil fuels represents a major challenge toward environmentally friendly technologies. Here, we present a conductive ink formulated for inkjet printing, consisting only of renewable and nontoxic components, namely electrically conductive activated carbon nanoparticles, ethyl cellulose as binder and stabilizer, and ethanol-terpineol mixture as the dispersant. The ink is composed of activated carbon nanoparticles with a diameter between 30 and 120 nm and exhibits high colloidal stability, dynamic viscosity and surface tension within an ideal range for inkjet printing. The ink produces electrically conductive patterns, achieving a resistivity of 6.6 Ω cm. Such result enables the manufacturing of printed resistive elements in electronic circuits, where the sheet resistance is tunable by the drop spacing and/or layers number of the printing process. As a proof-of-concept of future printed sustainable sensors, we employed this formulation to produce a resistive humidity sensor capable of detecting the moisture content in the air exhaled during respiration. The conductive ink herein presented is a step toward the quest for sustainable materials for environmentally friendly printed electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4403–4412 4403–4412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaelm.4c01509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain Effects in Bernal-Stacked Multi-Layer Graphene","authors":"Lina Bockhorn*,&nbsp;Jeffrey Appiah,&nbsp;Hannes Kakuschke,&nbsp;Lars Thole,&nbsp;Denis Ukolov,&nbsp;Peter Lemmens,&nbsp;Dirk Wulferding,&nbsp;Jana Hartmann,&nbsp;Andreas Waag and Rolf J. Haug,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c0019310.1021/acsaelm.5c00193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00193https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00193","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Graphene is primarily known for its unique electrical and optical properties, emerging in monolayer and bilayer structures. Recently, Bernal stacked multilayer graphene flakes with more than three layers, attracting increasing interest. In contrast to monolayers, multilayer graphene exhibits a much more complex band structure driven by subtle interlayer interactions. These interactions can drive phenomena such as band gap openings and Lifshitz transitions. Here, we investigate the transport properties of a Bernal stacked 14-layer graphene flake, including the influence of strain. Our findings suggest that external strain can effectively tune multilayer graphene through Lifshitz transitions.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4443–4449 4443–4449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaelm.5c00193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inkjet Printable Conductive Activated Carbon Ink from Sustainable Sources.","authors":"João Paulo Vita Damasceno, Valerio Francesco Annese, Giulia Coco, Lauro Tatsuo Kubota, Mario Caironi","doi":"10.1021/acsaelm.4c01509","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsaelm.4c01509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inkjet printing offers an attractive manufacturing method for flexible and large-area electronics, yet formulating sustainable inks not derived from fossil fuels represents a major challenge toward environmentally friendly technologies. Here, we present a conductive ink formulated for inkjet printing, consisting only of renewable and nontoxic components, namely electrically conductive activated carbon nanoparticles, ethyl cellulose as binder and stabilizer, and ethanol-terpineol mixture as the dispersant. The ink is composed of activated carbon nanoparticles with a diameter between 30 and 120 nm and exhibits high colloidal stability, dynamic viscosity and surface tension within an ideal range for inkjet printing. The ink produces electrically conductive patterns, achieving a resistivity of 6.6 Ω cm. Such result enables the manufacturing of printed resistive elements in electronic circuits, where the sheet resistance is tunable by the drop spacing and/or layers number of the printing process. As a proof-of-concept of future printed sustainable sensors, we employed this formulation to produce a resistive humidity sensor capable of detecting the moisture content in the air exhaled during respiration. The conductive ink herein presented is a step toward the quest for sustainable materials for environmentally friendly printed electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":"7 10","pages":"4403-4412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12120979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}