{"title":"Online Game Use and Creativity: The Moderating Effect of Self-Worth","authors":"Jinqi Ding, Quanlei Yu, Suping Sun, Wanjun Zhou, Qingbai Zhao, Suo Jiang","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The relationship between online game use and creativity remains contentious. Self-worth orientation theory suggests that online gaming can fulfill individual self-worth needs, implying that self-worth may moderate this relationship. Study 1 assessed online game use, self-worth, and creativity among 184 college students through a cross-sectional survey. Results indicated that self-worth moderated the relationship between online game use and creativity; for high self-worth action/shooter gamers, game use positively correlated with fluency but marginally negatively correlated with usefulness. Conversely, for low self-worth action/shooter gamers, game use negatively correlated with fluency. Additionally, low self-worth casual/puzzle gamers showed a marginal negative correlation with originality, while high self-worth casual/puzzle gamers exhibited a positive correlation with originality. To enhance the internal validity of this study, Study 2 involved 55 participants in a pre-/post-test experimental design with a nongaming group and two gaming groups. Results showed that, in the pre-test higher creativity group rather than the pre-test lower creativity group, self-worth moderated the effects of action/shooter game use on fluency and originality. Although the main effect of online game use and moderating effects of self-worth were generally weak, these findings contribute to addressing the controversy surrounding the relationship between online game use and creativity identified in prior research and offer theoretical insights to enhance overall creativity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examining Sources of Employees' Creativity: A Configurational Approach","authors":"Carla Curado, Catarina Névoa, Lucía Muñoz-Pascual, Jesús Galende","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identifies the configurations of personal and situational conditions that promote or inhibit creativity. We adhere to the Interactionist Model of Creative Behavior and Complexity Theory, adopting a qualitative research design. Data were collected via an online survey from 197 employees in the research and development departments of Portugal's technology and telecommunication industries. According to our findings, creativity requires complex combinations of conditions. Four alternative configurations foster creativity and four inhibit it. Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, we employ a configurational approach to understand how creativity can be facilitated or hindered and therefore contribute to the relatively unexplored topic of inhibiting creativity. Our theoretical contributions augment the Componential Theory of Creativity, addressing the complementarity among several conditions, the compensatory effect of a changing condition, and the substitute effect of a combination of conditions that compensate for the absence (lack) of a condition and still lead to the desired outcome. We also provide recommendations for managers in the technology and telecommunications industries. Even if they are not transformational leaders, they might cultivate creativity by considering other employees and contextual and organizational characteristics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and Validation of the Cebeci Test of Creativity: A Computerized Test of Figural Creativity","authors":"Sukru Murat Cebeci, Selcuk Acar","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents the Cebeci Test of Creativity (CTC), a novel computerized assessment tool designed to address the limitations of traditional open-ended paper-and-pencil creativity tests. The CTC is designed to overcome the challenges associated with the administration and manual scoring of traditional paper and pencil creativity tests. In this study, we present the first validation of CTC, demonstrating strong internal and external validity across two studies with a large sample size of over 14,000 students in grades 1–8. The results provide support for the proposed unidimensional factor structure of CTC, with robust reliability (<i>ω</i> = 0.833 and 0.872). Analyses of measurement invariance showed that the unidimensional factor structure of CTC holds consistently across all grade levels, with factor loadings exhibiting notable similarity. Additionally, the item intercepts demonstrate considerable uniformity across grades 3–5. The composite CTC scores were positively correlated with creative self-efficacy but not with Standard Progressive Matrices. The outcomes of our study indicate that CTC is a valuable and efficient tool for assessing creativity in educational settings. Its scalability and comprehensive evaluation of four key dimensions of creative ideation (i.e., fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration) make it particularly advantageous for educators seeking to assess students' creative potential.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Methodological Reflections on PISA'S Creative Thinking Assessment","authors":"Leslie Rutkowski, David Rutkowski","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) introduced creative thinking as an innovative domain in 2022. This paper examines the unique methodological issues in international assessments and the implications of measuring creative thinking within PISA's framework, including stratified sampling, rotated form designs, and a distinct scoring metric. Cross-cultural considerations and data quality issues underscore the need for critical evaluation of cultural equivalence and data quality, especially at the individual educational system level. The paper also highlights the limitations of causal inference and provides guidance and resources for handling sampling weights, plausible values, and multilevel structures. By reflecting on PISA's history and design, this work offers insights for researchers navigating the complexities of innovative domain assessment to ensure valid interpretations.</p>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jocb.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kailiang Chen, Juanjuan Chen, Yuwei Sun, Guorui Yan
{"title":"How Does Pre-Service Teachers' Empathy Influence Their Collaborative Design? An Epistemic Network Analysis","authors":"Kailiang Chen, Juanjuan Chen, Yuwei Sun, Guorui Yan","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding and supporting pre-service teachers' creativity in collaborative instructional design has gained increasing attention. To design novel and effective learning experiences or activities for students, they need to build empathy with students, that is, understanding students' learning needs. This study aimed to (1) explore the patterns of design cognition in empathy-scaffolded pre-service teachers' collaborative instructional design, and (2) investigate the differences in patterns of design cognition caused by two empathy interventions. Two classes, comprising 64 pre-service teachers, were randomly assigned to either the experimental condition (that used structured empathy strategy) or the control condition (that used unstructured empathy strategy). The pre-service teachers worked in groups of 3–4 members to perform design tasks. Their group discourses were audio-recorded and coded; an epistemic network analysis (ENA) was used to analyze the coded data to reveal the design cognitive processes and patterns. The ENA results revealed that empathy was cyclical and intertwined with defining problem and ideation (including generating ideas, building on ideas, elaborating and selecting ideas). Group discussions concentrated more on ideation than empathy. The comparison between the two interventions showed significant difference in design cognition. The experimental groups' discourses exhibited stronger co-occurrences between empathy and ideation, between defining the problem and generating new ideas, and between building on ideas and elaborating ideas. In contrast, the control groups' discourses were less focused on empathy, they concentrated more on the ideation processes. Regarding product creativity, there was no differences in terms of usefulness and novelty across the two conditions. This study can deepen understanding of the complexity and dynamic nature of pre-service teachers' collaborative instructional design.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"More Creative Activities, Lower Creative Ability: Exploring an Unexpected PISA Finding","authors":"Sofiia Kagan, Denis Dumas","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Creative activities are typically thought to be positively associated with creative ability, whether because more creative individuals select into creative activities, or because those activities support the development of creativity, or both. However, the PISA 2022 creative thinking report revealed an unexpected finding: Creative ability was negatively associated with creative activities. Here, we theoretically address why this surprising finding may have occurred from both a measurement and a psychological perspective. On the measurement side of the issue, both the creative thinking assessment and the activities questionnaire appeared to have potential issues with content and construct validity. For instance, the response coding on the creative thinking assessment appeared to emphasize the utility of ideas over originality, and the general creative ability score may not have effectively captured the domain-specific thinking processes learned during creative activities. In addition, the response options on the activities questionnaire seemed to lack sufficient granularity, making it difficult to infer the quality and quantity of the activities. Additionally, it could be posited that the creative activities were insufficiently scaffolded for learning, not motivating for highly creative teenagers, or that the skills and benefits acquired through these activities failed to transfer effectively to the creative thinking outcome measure.</p>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jocb.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Envisioning the Future of Creative Thinking Assessment","authors":"Mathias Benedek, Roger E. Beaty","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The PISA assessment 2022 of creative thinking was a moonshot effort that introduced significant advancements over existing creativity tests, including a broad range of domains (written, visual, social, and scientific), implementation in many languages, and sophisticated scoring methods. PISA 2022 demonstrated the general feasibility of assessing creative thinking ability comprehensively at an international scale. However, the complexity of its assessment approach—such as time-consuming scoring requiring human raters—implies the risk that it may not be easily applied by the scientific community and practitioners. In this commentary, we outline important next steps building on the PISA assessment to further enhance future assessments of creative thinking. Crucial future directions include 1) determining what tasks and scorings ensure high psychometric quality including content validity, 2) enabling efficient, objective scoring by applying AI methods such as Large Language Models (LLMs), 3) ensuring high language accessibility via multilingual tests, 4) targeting a broader age group, and 5) facilitating standardized, reproducible assessments via an open online testing platform. In sum, these developments would lead to an efficient, validated multilingual test of creative thinking, which enhances the accessibility of effective creative thinking assessments and thereby supports the democratization and reproducibility of creativity research.</p>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jocb.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"One Score, Two Components: Disentangling Appropriateness and Originality in PISA Creative Thinking Judgments Using Generalized Item Response Tree Models","authors":"Nils Myszkowski, Martin Storme","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the PISA 2022 creative thinking test, students provide a response to a prompt, which is then coded by human raters as no credit, partial credit, or full credit. Like many large-scale educational testing frameworks, PISA uses the generalized partial credit model (GPCM) as a response model for these ordinal ratings. In this paper, we show that the instructions given to the raters violate some assumptions of the GPCM as it is used: Raters are instructed to rate according to steps that involve multiple attributes (appropriateness and diversity/originality), with a different (set of) attribute(s) necessary to pass the different thresholds of the scoring scale. Instead of the GPCM, we propose multidimensional generalized item response tree models that allow us to account for the sequential nature of the ratings and to disentangle the attributes measured from the original scores. We discuss advantages, limitations, as well as recommendations for future research.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Best Practices for Leveraging PISA CT Data to Understand Gender Differences in Creative Thinking","authors":"Christa L. Taylor","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Access to data from the 2022 PISA creative thinking assessment (PISA CT) provides a unique opportunity to advance our understanding of gender differences in creativity. However, in addition to the general theoretical and methodological considerations discussed elsewhere in this special issue, there are several matters specific to gender differences in creativity that should be considered when interpreting the results of the PISA CT. First, the overall creative thinking index on the PISA CT may not provide much value to understanding gender differences in creativity, as differences may be domain and task specific. Second, gender differences in careless responding may bias results for gender differences in PISA CT scores, as effort is associated with enhanced creative performance. Third, the restricted age range of PISA participants may limit the generalizability of results, as the developmental dynamics of gender differences in creativity suggest that the size and direction of gender differences in creative performance may change during this stage of adolescence. Each of these issues, as well as potential solutions and directions for future research using PISA CT scores to examine gender differences in creativity, are discussed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexis L. d'Amato, Emma Theobald, Madison N. Scott, Joel S. Elson, Samuel T. Hunter
{"title":"Examining Similarity-Attraction Principle and Intergroup Conflict on Malevolent Creativity Ideation","authors":"Alexis L. d'Amato, Emma Theobald, Madison N. Scott, Joel S. Elson, Samuel T. Hunter","doi":"10.1002/jocb.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Through the lens of the similarity-attraction principle, we conducted a pair of studies to examine how perceived physical similarity influences the role similarity and ingroup affinity drives malevolent creativity ideation. Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 305) participants were assigned to teams using the minimal group paradigm and then were given a social threat scenario by an avatar teammate of varying physical demographics (e.g., gender, race, age). Findings suggest that ingroup affinity and perceptions of physical dissimilarity motivate harmful ideas for retaliation against the threat. Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 73) used an existing conflict between rival university teams and presented participants with a social threat scenario. Participants interacted with a virtual avatar with varying degrees of similarity to themselves. Results indicate that ingroup favoritism motivated both original and harmful ideas, whereas dissimilarity with a teammate was a stronger predictor of harmful ideas than similarity. These findings are further discussed through the lens of balance theory and attitudinal similarity.</p>","PeriodicalId":39915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Creative Behavior","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jocb.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}