Horizonte Médico (Lima)最新文献

{"title":"Características epidemiológicas de los pacientes atendidos por COVID-19 en el Servicio de Emergencia del Hospital Militar Central Luis Arias Schreiber","authors":"Katia Michelle Pezo Dianderas, Diego Rolando Chávez Fernández, Raúl Ernesto Porras Serna","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.04","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients treated at the Emergency Department of the Hospital Militar Central Luis Arias Schreiber from July to October 2020. Materials and methods: A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out with 89 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on molecular and/or rapid tests. The information was collected from the daily progress report of the patients treated at the hospital’s Emergency Department from July to October 2020. The results were processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics V25.0. Results: Males were more likely to test positive for COVID-19 (84.27 %). Most cases occurred in patients aged between 50 and 59 (34.83 %). The highest percentage of deaths was found in patients older than 70 years, out of whom 71.43 % were females. Comorbidities were reported in patients aged 40 and older, out of whom 67.41 % had at least one of them. Obesity was the most frequent comorbidity, followed by hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sixty-seven point four one percent (67.41 %) of the patients required non-invasive ventilation and most of them were hospitalized. Twenty-one point three four percent (21.34 %) of the patients required mechanic ventilation and 68.42 % were admitted to the intensive care unit. Conclusions: The most common characteristics of COVID-19 patients are male sex, ages between 50 and 59 years old, and obesity. Additionally, using non-invasive ventilation had a better prognosis than using mechanical ventilation.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131990323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antígeno prostático específico (PSA) relacionado al perfil antropométrico en pacientes del Hospital II Huamanga Carlos Tuppia García-Godos, EsSalud. Ayacucho","authors":"Cinthia Gavilán Zamora, Emilio Germán Ramírez Roca, Nancy Victoria Castilla-Torres","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133831321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manejo de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en Taiwán: una experiencia exitosa","authors":"Walter Stive Calderon-Gerstein","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.14","url":null,"abstract":"The management of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in Taiwan has been listed as one of the most efficient in the world. Its population size is almost equivalent to that of Peru, but the rate of infections has been less than 600 and the mortality rate has been extremely low: only seven patients died until December. Despite its geographical proximity to the city of Wuhan, Taiwan successfully faced the pandemic because of its previous experience with the SARS epidemic in 2003 and its greater public awareness compared to that in other countries. The actions that have made of Taiwan an example of how to develop an efficient public health policy to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 are the following: the use of electronic and computer resources; the appropriate use of information; the development of its own laboratory tests; and, finally, the careful and effective management of suspected cases, contacts and hospitalized patients. This experience is an important example for our country.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127805935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilidad del suero autólogo en lesiones de superficie ocular de evolución incierta. Evaluación clínica e imagenológica","authors":"E. Borobio, I. Hernández-Patiño, G. Rossani, E. López, E. Talavera, Johny de la Cruz V.","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"227 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121901753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factores sociodemográficos relacionados con el uso adecuado de las mascarillas y el distanciamiento social apropiado para evitar el contagio del SARS-CoV-2 en un mercado de abastos en Lima, Perú","authors":"Renzo Hurtado-Cuba, Nora Espíritu","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the relationship that sociodemographic factors have with the proper use of masks and appropriate social distancing to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in people who attend the Surquillo No. 2 market (Lima, Peru). Materials and methods: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective community study. Both a survey and a checklist were administered to 385 subjects who attended the Surquillo market between September and October 2020. The sample size was obtained using Epidat 4.2 with an expected proportion of inadequate practices of 50 %, a confidence level of 95 % and an absolute precision of 5 %. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The information was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics V25. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed using the chi-square test and logistic regression with a confidence level of 95 % and p < 0.05. Results: Forty-eight point eight zero percent (48.80 %) of the research participants were males. Their mean age was 42.61 ± 13.84 years. Sixty-four point seven zero percent (64.70 %) (n = 249) had higher (technical and university) education, 47.50 % (n = 183) lived in Surquillo, 42.90 % (n = 165) were self-employed, 48.80 % (n = 188) wore a well-fitting mask in good condition, 32.20 % (n = 124) covered their nose and mouth properly, 35.10 % (n = 135) used cotton masks, 70.00 % thought that a distance of 1.5 m should be kept from others, and 94 % maintained a physical distance of less than 1.5 m during the observation. There was a significant relationship between the higher education level and the proper use of masks (p < 0.001) but not between the education level and social distancing. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between the education level and the proper use of masks. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Objetivo: Determinar la relacion de los factores sociodemograficos con el uso adecuado de las mascarillas y el distanciamiento social apropiado para evitar el contagio del SARS-CoV-2 en las personas que visitan el mercado n.o 2 de Surquillo (Lima, Peru). Materiales y metodos: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo comunitario. Se encuesto a 385 sujetos que acudieron al mercado de Surquillo entre septiembre y octubre del 2020 y se aplico una lista de cotejo a los participantes. El tamano muestral se obtuvo mediante EPIDAT 4.2 con una proporcion esperada de practicas inadecuadas del 50 %, nivel de confianza 95 % y precision absoluta del 5 %. El muestreo fue no probabilistico por conveniencia. La informacion fue analizada mediante SPSS v25. Se aplico estadistica descriptiva y analitica usando prueba de X² y regresion logistica, con un nivel de confianza del 95 % y un p < 0,05. Resultados: El 48,80 % de los participantes fueron hombres. La edad promedio fue 42,61 ± 13,84 anos. El 64,70% (n = 249) tuvo instruccion superior (tecnico y universitario). El 47,50% (n = 183) de los encuestados procedia del dis","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125968841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exámenes preoperatorios en cirugías electivas no cardiacas de riesgo bajo e intermedio: revisión sistemática y análisis costo-efectividad","authors":"E. D. Meregildo-Rodríguez","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Preoperative Tests (PT) are very common in daily clinical practice. However, ordering PT is not generally based on the best scientific evidence. Ordering PT without justification or suspicion of any disease could generate abnormal results, which can rise confusion, forcing to repeat or ordering new tests and consultations. These all causes more risk and anxiety to the patient, and prolongs hospital stay, and increases costs.  \u0000Material and Method. I performed a systematic search of available literature. The aim was to determine usefulness and cost-effectiveness of PT for low-intermediate risk non-cardelective surgeries. \u0000Results. Considering current prices and only the most frequent surgeries (cholecystectomy, inguinal hernioplasty, phacoemulsification, open fracture reduction, and umbilical hernioplasty), the total cost of PT (surgical consultation + auxiliary tests) performed in the Hospital Regional Lambayeque following the habitual practice would be S/. 36 094 per 100 patients.  Annual cost of unnecessary PT would be S/. 62 778.  If we could stop ordering PT in an indiscriminate way, and follow strictly to the NICE Guidelines, it would be possible to reduce PT cost by 38.34% (S/. 138.4 for each patient).  According to the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, adopting this conservative strategy (following NICE guidelines), compared to the habitual practice, would represent savings of S/. 1 538 for each patient. \u0000Conclusions. This cost-effectiveness analysis supports that, for low-intermediate risk non-cardiac elective surgeries, we must not perform PT in a systematic and routinely way.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"15 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133122821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asociación VACTERL con poliquistosis renal en un recién nacido: reporte de caso","authors":"Joshuan J. Barboza, Edwin A. Aguilar-Sánchez, Norma del Carmen Gálvez-Díaz, D. R. Rodríguez Díaz","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Las malformaciones son causas importantes de mortalidad infantil, enfermedad cronica y discapacidad en muchos paises, y ocasionan 3,2 millones de discapacidades al ano. La asociacion VACTERL involucra defectos vertebrales, atresia anal, fistula traqueoesofagica y displasia renal, asi como anormalidades en las extremidades. Nuestro objetivo es describir las caracteristicas generales de la asociacion VACTERL y realizar un acercamiento a otros casos en la literatura. Nuestro caso trata de una recien nacida a las 35 semanas con grave dificultad respiratoria, que ingresa a la UCI neonatal por descompensacion hemodinamica. Tiene un antecedente de poliquistosis renal bilateral a las 25 semanas dado por ecografia. En el examen fisico se evidencia agenesia de organos sexuales y ano imperforado, y en la radiografia se observa patron atelectasico, cardiomegalia y posicion dextrogira de la silueta cardiaca. La paciente fue diagnosticada con asociacion VACTERL y ano imperforado. Sufrio un paro respiratorio y fallecio luego de dos dias.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114642998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS, EVOLUCIÓN Y TRATAMIENTO DE HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL PULMONAR EN UN HOSPITAL PERUANO DE REFERENCIA","authors":"M. Javier, Wilfredo Javier Velezmoro-Ojeda, Pedro Daniel Díaz Sarasa","doi":"10.1590/scielopreprints.2510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/scielopreprints.2510","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics, evolution and treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Materials and methods: A descriptive study that included 47 patients with a primary diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Results: The average age of the patients was 48 years and 91.49 % were females. The average follow-up was 39 months. The main types of pulmonary arterial hypertension were the one associated with congenital heart diseases (48.93 %), the one associated with connective tissue diseases (21.28 %) and idiopathic hypertension (17.02 %). Monotherapy (mainly with sildenafil) and sequential combination therapy (sildenafil plus bosentan) were used in 78.72 % and 21.28 % of the patients, respectively. During the follow-up, 70.21 % of the patients were hospitalized at least once and five patients died, resulting in a cumulative total mortality of 10.64 %. Conclusions: Pulmonary arterial hypertension predominantly affects young people and females. The main associated etiology is congenital heart disease. The most frequently used specific treatment is sildenafil monotherapy. The mortality rate was lower than that reported in other studies.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126049760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherencia al tratamiento y nivel de control en pacientes asmáticos en un hospital de Lima","authors":"J. Rodriguez-Marino, M. Caballero-García, F. Llanos-Tejada","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Describe the association between asthma control and adherence to treatment in patients of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo 2019-2020. \u0000Materials and methods: A quantitative, descriptive and retrospective clinical study was carried out during the 2019-2020 period in asthmatic patients from the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo (HNDM). The relationship between control and adherence to treatment in patients seen in the Asthma office of the Pneumology Service was evaluated by collecting data: Inhaler adherence test (TAI), Asthma control test (ACT) age, sex, treatment established, time of illness and nutritional assessment, through the review of medical records. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 software and the chi-square statistical test was performed to determine the association. \u0000Results: 187 patients were evaluated through medical records, 84 men (44.9%) and 103 women (55.1%). The mean age was 59.42 ± 15.08 (considering only adults). Through the analysis of the data from the medical records were determined, 86 controlled patients (46%), 48 patients are adherent (25.7%), the most used type of treatment is inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) with 50.8%, type of non-compliant more frequent is the unconscious (64.2%), the mean time of illness was 21.78 ± 16.75. \u0000Conclusions: In conclusion, we can say that, of the patients with adherence, 75% are controlled.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116065204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hablando de pandemias y pared vascular. Desde el endotelio hacia lo socioeconómico-psicológico: una aproximación con evidencia","authors":"Enrique Melgarejo R.","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n2.14","url":null,"abstract":"This article briefly reviews the pandemics suffered by humankind throughout its history. Additionally, it analyzes the current pandemic caused by a \"strange” virus that has generated a new and complex disease. A description of its \"new\" vascular wall-centered physiopathology (and more specifically from the endothelium) is given. Moreover, the possibility to detect a subclinical endothelial dysfunction in young patients who have shown different susceptibility and lethality indices is considered. Finally, the question “will this pandemic change us or will it help us change?” is attempted to be answered.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128095001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}