Factores sociodemográficos relacionados con el uso adecuado de las mascarillas y el distanciamiento social apropiado para evitar el contagio del SARS-CoV-2 en un mercado de abastos en Lima, Perú
{"title":"Factores sociodemográficos relacionados con el uso adecuado de las mascarillas y el distanciamiento social apropiado para evitar el contagio del SARS-CoV-2 en un mercado de abastos en Lima, Perú","authors":"Renzo Hurtado-Cuba, Nora Espíritu","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.05","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the relationship that sociodemographic factors have with the proper use of masks and appropriate social distancing to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in people who attend the Surquillo No. 2 market (Lima, Peru). Materials and methods: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective community study. Both a survey and a checklist were administered to 385 subjects who attended the Surquillo market between September and October 2020. The sample size was obtained using Epidat 4.2 with an expected proportion of inadequate practices of 50 %, a confidence level of 95 % and an absolute precision of 5 %. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The information was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics V25. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed using the chi-square test and logistic regression with a confidence level of 95 % and p < 0.05. Results: Forty-eight point eight zero percent (48.80 %) of the research participants were males. Their mean age was 42.61 ± 13.84 years. Sixty-four point seven zero percent (64.70 %) (n = 249) had higher (technical and university) education, 47.50 % (n = 183) lived in Surquillo, 42.90 % (n = 165) were self-employed, 48.80 % (n = 188) wore a well-fitting mask in good condition, 32.20 % (n = 124) covered their nose and mouth properly, 35.10 % (n = 135) used cotton masks, 70.00 % thought that a distance of 1.5 m should be kept from others, and 94 % maintained a physical distance of less than 1.5 m during the observation. There was a significant relationship between the higher education level and the proper use of masks (p < 0.001) but not between the education level and social distancing. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between the education level and the proper use of masks. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Objetivo: Determinar la relacion de los factores sociodemograficos con el uso adecuado de las mascarillas y el distanciamiento social apropiado para evitar el contagio del SARS-CoV-2 en las personas que visitan el mercado n.o 2 de Surquillo (Lima, Peru). Materiales y metodos: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo comunitario. Se encuesto a 385 sujetos que acudieron al mercado de Surquillo entre septiembre y octubre del 2020 y se aplico una lista de cotejo a los participantes. El tamano muestral se obtuvo mediante EPIDAT 4.2 con una proporcion esperada de practicas inadecuadas del 50 %, nivel de confianza 95 % y precision absoluta del 5 %. El muestreo fue no probabilistico por conveniencia. La informacion fue analizada mediante SPSS v25. Se aplico estadistica descriptiva y analitica usando prueba de X² y regresion logistica, con un nivel de confianza del 95 % y un p < 0,05. Resultados: El 48,80 % de los participantes fueron hombres. La edad promedio fue 42,61 ± 13,84 anos. El 64,70% (n = 249) tuvo instruccion superior (tecnico y universitario). El 47,50% (n = 183) de los encuestados procedia del distrito de Surquillo, y el 42,90 % (n = 165) fueron empleados independientes. El 48,80 % (n = 188) portaba una mascarilla en optima condicion. El 32,20 % (n = 124) cubria nariz y boca con un buen acople. La mascarilla de algodon fue la mas usada: 35,10 % de los participantes (n = 135). El 70,00 % opino que el distanciamiento debe ser de 1,5 m. Durante la observacion, el 94 % mantuvo una distancia menor de 1,5 m. Existio una relacion significativa entre el grado de instruccion superior y el uso adecuado de la mascarilla con p < 0,00, pero no para el distanciamiento social. Conclusiones: Existe una relacion significativa entre el grado de instruccion y el uso adecuado de la mascarilla. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Revista Horizonte Medico is the property of Universidad de San Martin de Porres and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2021.v21n3.05","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Objective: To determine the relationship that sociodemographic factors have with the proper use of masks and appropriate social distancing to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in people who attend the Surquillo No. 2 market (Lima, Peru). Materials and methods: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective community study. Both a survey and a checklist were administered to 385 subjects who attended the Surquillo market between September and October 2020. The sample size was obtained using Epidat 4.2 with an expected proportion of inadequate practices of 50 %, a confidence level of 95 % and an absolute precision of 5 %. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The information was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics V25. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed using the chi-square test and logistic regression with a confidence level of 95 % and p < 0.05. Results: Forty-eight point eight zero percent (48.80 %) of the research participants were males. Their mean age was 42.61 ± 13.84 years. Sixty-four point seven zero percent (64.70 %) (n = 249) had higher (technical and university) education, 47.50 % (n = 183) lived in Surquillo, 42.90 % (n = 165) were self-employed, 48.80 % (n = 188) wore a well-fitting mask in good condition, 32.20 % (n = 124) covered their nose and mouth properly, 35.10 % (n = 135) used cotton masks, 70.00 % thought that a distance of 1.5 m should be kept from others, and 94 % maintained a physical distance of less than 1.5 m during the observation. There was a significant relationship between the higher education level and the proper use of masks (p < 0.001) but not between the education level and social distancing. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between the education level and the proper use of masks. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Objetivo: Determinar la relacion de los factores sociodemograficos con el uso adecuado de las mascarillas y el distanciamiento social apropiado para evitar el contagio del SARS-CoV-2 en las personas que visitan el mercado n.o 2 de Surquillo (Lima, Peru). Materiales y metodos: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo comunitario. Se encuesto a 385 sujetos que acudieron al mercado de Surquillo entre septiembre y octubre del 2020 y se aplico una lista de cotejo a los participantes. El tamano muestral se obtuvo mediante EPIDAT 4.2 con una proporcion esperada de practicas inadecuadas del 50 %, nivel de confianza 95 % y precision absoluta del 5 %. El muestreo fue no probabilistico por conveniencia. La informacion fue analizada mediante SPSS v25. Se aplico estadistica descriptiva y analitica usando prueba de X² y regresion logistica, con un nivel de confianza del 95 % y un p < 0,05. Resultados: El 48,80 % de los participantes fueron hombres. La edad promedio fue 42,61 ± 13,84 anos. El 64,70% (n = 249) tuvo instruccion superior (tecnico y universitario). El 47,50% (n = 183) de los encuestados procedia del distrito de Surquillo, y el 42,90 % (n = 165) fueron empleados independientes. El 48,80 % (n = 188) portaba una mascarilla en optima condicion. El 32,20 % (n = 124) cubria nariz y boca con un buen acople. La mascarilla de algodon fue la mas usada: 35,10 % de los participantes (n = 135). El 70,00 % opino que el distanciamiento debe ser de 1,5 m. Durante la observacion, el 94 % mantuvo una distancia menor de 1,5 m. Existio una relacion significativa entre el grado de instruccion superior y el uso adecuado de la mascarilla con p < 0,00, pero no para el distanciamiento social. Conclusiones: Existe una relacion significativa entre el grado de instruccion y el uso adecuado de la mascarilla. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Revista Horizonte Medico is the property of Universidad de San Martin de Porres and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)