The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising最新文献

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Blank Music 空白的音乐
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.4
J. Buhler
{"title":"Blank Music","authors":"J. Buhler","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.4","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the marketing of virtual instruments, especially those designed to emulate traditional orchestral instruments using samples. The chapter considers marketing strategies for these instruments and analytically reconstructs how companies specializing in virtual instruments design and organize their advertising appeal through their websites. The chapter looks primarily at the advertising copy, the product images, and the musical demos to show that the so-called epic style in particular serves not just as a measure of how these instruments can produce properly “cinematic” music, but also how epic style itself reflects the basic aspirational fantasy of the media composer. The latter makes epic style an especially good advertising lure.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114078190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Search and Destroy” “搜索和销毁”
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.12
Jay Beck
{"title":"“Search and Destroy”","authors":"Jay Beck","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.12","url":null,"abstract":"Punk rock, as a movement within popular music, sought to differentiate itself from prior forms of commercial rock in both sound and attitude. Anti-corporate and anti-consumerist in orientation, punk’s guiding maxim of “do it yourself” was about taking control of the means of production and shifting the musical form outside of the nexus of capitalism. This chapter examines the resultant effects and contradictions surrounding the use of punk music in television advertisements from the 1990s to the 2010s. The advertising industry initially kept their distance from punk until after the self-appointed architect of punk style, Malcolm McLaren, began writing original music for ads in 1990. From Iggy Pop seducing Royal Caribbean customers to The Clash hawking Jaguars, punk has proven to be a lucrative way for advertisers to connect to a demographic group who define themselves as anti-consumerist.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127452965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From the Subliminal to the Ridiculing 从潜意识到嘲笑
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.19
P. Christiansen
{"title":"From the Subliminal to the Ridiculing","authors":"P. Christiansen","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.19","url":null,"abstract":"In studies conducted by scholars of political science, rhetoric, and media studies, the vast majority of research on political ads focuses either on images or on verbal appeals made by candidates or on their behalf. Yet the highest voter recall is for ads that make an emotional connection with the viewer. Often music is the lynchpin of an emotional appeal, and philosophers such as Jenefer Robinson and Derek Matravers write of the centrality of emotion to the musical experience. Recent scholarship on the relationship between emotion and politics includes the work of Ted Brader on emotional appeals in campaign ads and Drew Westen on the role of emotion in political thinking. Focusing on four basic emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, and fear) and two compound emotions (patriotism and contempt), this chapter explores how music evokes these emotions in several case studies.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126787973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Ad Creation Process 广告创作过程
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.54
Lawrence J. Harte
{"title":"The Ad Creation Process","authors":"Lawrence J. Harte","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.54","url":null,"abstract":"The business of music and advertising involves finding, licensing, and producing music that enhances the influence of advertising messages. This chapter is a primer on the entire process of producing music for advertising. The process starts with the determination of the advertising text and the consideration of the options and best practices for defining the desired music characteristics. Then it is critical to search for good candidates from sources that range from composing new music to obtaining the rights to pre-existing popular songs. Next comes assembling the production team. This step includes discussion of tools that can measure and provide objective data to assist in the decision. Key music production and licensing terms are explained along with best practices and some case study information. Finally, the process ends with the use of social monitoring tools such as Nielsen social ratings that measure the influence, sentiment, and effectiveness of the advertising message.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115051473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Commercial Sound 商业的声音
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.29
David Allan
{"title":"Commercial Sound","authors":"David Allan","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.29","url":null,"abstract":"Music is popular in advertising. It is the sometimes celebrated, sometimes mourned marriage of art and commerce. While many have theorized with respect to this relationship, few have observed and analyzed its results. This chapter reviews empirical studies on the reception of popular music in advertising in television and radio on attention, memory, attitudes, and purchase intention. Relevant experiments are summarized and analyzed, leading to the formation of comprehensive tables of independent music variables such as appeal, fit, melody, mood, and tempo and their effects on consumer attention, recall, attitude toward the ad and the brand, and purchase intention. A summary of empirical results will provide a foundation for future research into the commercial use of sound.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115629006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Persistence of Memory 记忆的持久性
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.17
Ron Rodman
{"title":"The Persistence of Memory","authors":"Ron Rodman","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.17","url":null,"abstract":"Though out of vogue in the twenty-first century, the jingle was a mainstay of radio and television advertising in the late twentieth century. What made it so popular was its affinity with popular music with which it was contemporaneous. This chapter draws upon linear diagram analysis to highlight the structural similarities of commercial jingles with American popular songs. Citing works on form in American popular song by Allen Forte and John Covach, and the “beginning-middle-ending” paradigms of William Caplin and Kofi Agawu, the chapter demonstrates how the musical structure of jingles such as “See the U.S.A. in Your Chevrolet,” “Like a Good Neighbor, State Farm Is There,” and others resemble American popular songs of their time. The success of these jingles lies not only in their structural similarity with these popular songs but also in the audience’s ability to reimagine the complete structure of the tunes and to draw upon a collective cultural memory of intertextuality—what Papson calls “alreadyness”—to these advertising texts.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129018682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Music and Sound Design as Propaganda in Hell-Bent for Election 音乐与声音设计在《拼命选举》中的宣传作用
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.38
Lisa Scoggin
{"title":"Music and Sound Design as Propaganda in Hell-Bent for Election","authors":"Lisa Scoggin","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.38","url":null,"abstract":"Though political television and film commercials may be thought of as a recent phenomenon, these have in fact existed for a number of years. Consider, for example, the animated two-reel film Hell-Bent for Election from 1944. Created by the left-leaning studio Industrial Film and Poster Service (later UPA) for the United Auto Workers union, the cartoon pushes for the re-election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt over Thomas Dewey. The film is a metaphor where the two candidates are represented by trains. Joe Worker represents the voter, who must let the “Win the War Special” (Roosevelt) through the station rather than the “Defeatist Limited,” despite the obstacles put in Joe’s way. As with many propagandistic and political messages, the symbolism is not subtle, and the cartoon certainly gets the message across. This chapter examines how Earl Robinson’s music, along with the lyrics of Yip Harburg, works with the other aspects of the film to accomplish the mission of getting out the vote. Robinson, a classically trained composer who is best known for his pro-labor songs, uses a variety of musical styles to convey the message in the animated film, from classical modernist to popular song quotation to agitprop mass song, each of which is designed to appeal to the primary audience: the working class and union members.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125904967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Pushin’ It”
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.15
Johanna Love
{"title":"“Pushin’ It”","authors":"Johanna Love","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.15","url":null,"abstract":"Formative scholarship on musical appropriation has tended to focus on how dominant groups borrow subaltern signifiers to elevate their hipness. However, in contemporary American advertising campaigns, marketers often deploy humorous devices that place stereotyped signifiers of distinctive groups in opposition to one another to magnify their perceived differences and create comedy for the spot. This chapter investigates this practice by examining a 2014 Geico insurance commercial that features the pioneering female hip-hop crew Salt-N-Pepa performing their 1988 hit “Push It.” The commercial aims for humor by re-envisioning the trio’s suggestive music video as a means for cheering suburbanites through mundane tasks. But the incongruence of old-school hip-hop sounds and imagery against those of the modern-day, white-washed lifestyles onscreen reveals a more obvious message: The urban, Black trio and their one-time hit song about female sexual empowerment do not belong there. Musicological inquiry is thus paired here with cultural studies of hip-hop, hipness, advertising, and humor to reveal the process by which signifiers of Salt-N-Pepa’s iconicity are placed in opposition to the pictured residents in ways that reaffirm hierarchies of race, gender, and class.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124932641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Music and Institutional Advertising 音乐与机构广告
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.42
Rika Asai
{"title":"Music and Institutional Advertising","authors":"Rika Asai","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.42","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores music and advertising in the United States during the golden age of radio using the 1946–1947 season of Echoes of New York as a case study. As a radio-variety program sponsored by New York electric utility Consolidated Edison, Echoes is an example of institutional advertising, a form of advertising designed to shape public perception of the company, rather than to sell specific products. The company entrusted the important task to its long-time advertising agency, McCann-Erickson. Drawing on scripts, scores, memos, and financial documentation, this chapter considers broadcast entertainment’s creation and perpetuation of formulaic construction in program format as well as the gradual streamlining of McCann-Erickson’s musical activities in a typical work week. The chapter highlights the role of Con Edison’s all-male company chorus, the Edisoneers, as a physical and aural representation of the message Echoes sought to impart. In focusing on the work of producing music for institutional advertising, this chapter contributes to studies that have illuminated the foundational position of advertising agencies in driving the form and content of programming during the radio era.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126872908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Have You Played Atari Today?” “你今天玩过雅达利吗?”
The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.11
W. Gibbons
{"title":"“Have You Played Atari Today?”","authors":"W. Gibbons","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190691240.013.11","url":null,"abstract":"Around 1980, home video game consoles began to transition from a luxury product for affluent technophiles into a mass-market entertainment product. Television advertisements were central to that transition, not least in that they helped shape a popular image of who plays video games. This chapter examines the prominent role of music in an influential early television advertising campaign for Atari, the leading maker of home consoles at the time. The music of the “Have You Played Atari Today?” campaign reached across gender and age demographics, positioning Atari’s products as fun for every member of the family. Although most ads of the series were unified musically through the use of the same extended jingle, each featured lyrics tailored to demonstrate the product’s appeal to various members of an extended family. Furthermore, the jingle’s musical hook eventually became a standalone sonic signifier for the Atari brand that endured for years beyond the initial campaign.","PeriodicalId":396943,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125511938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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