{"title":"Separation of volume and surface forces and torques in a DC excited Flux Switching Machine","authors":"M. Curti, J. Paulides, E. Lomonova","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935962","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the separation of volume and surface forces and torques of a highly saturated DC excited Flux Switching Machine (DCFSM) is presented. The volumetric and surface forces are derived from the stress tensor caused by the magnetic field. High saturation of the iron will contribute in the increase of the internal forces, as a consequence, the resultant torque is also separated in volume and surface torque. The simulation results show that the torque created by the volume forces is contributing to significant part of the total torque. Therefore, the research of the volume forces consequences is becoming a relevant topic for further research.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117123146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Bao, B. Gysen, K. Boynov, S. Alexandrov, E. Lomonova
{"title":"Field weakening capability of 12-stator/10-rotor-pole variable flux reluctance machines","authors":"J. Bao, B. Gysen, K. Boynov, S. Alexandrov, E. Lomonova","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935960","url":null,"abstract":"Variable flux reluctance machines (VFRMs) are viable candidates for automotive applications. This paper investigates the field weakening capability of a 12/10 VFRM. Starting with voltage and toque equations, the paper reveals the relationship between torque-speed characteristics and the current arrangement (slot division) of both DC-field and armature windings. The method for expanding the working envelope by tuning DC or AC currents is discussed for different slot divisions. The results are validated by 2D finite element analysis.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116843507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Schier, M. Hubner, N. Kevlishvili, A. Dietz, Sebastian Hörlin
{"title":"Methodical approach for designing electric propulsion systems containing two motors","authors":"M. Schier, M. Hubner, N. Kevlishvili, A. Dietz, Sebastian Hörlin","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935893","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce the environmental impact of the petroleum-based transport, new safe, cost and energy optimized electric vehicle propulsion concepts are mandatory. Besides the activities for improving the battery and power electronics technologies, highly integrated units and new functional component operation strategies are of special interest. In this paper, a methodical approach for deriving electric motor design values for electric propulsion systems, especially usable for urban vehicles, including two electric machines, is shown. Considering the overall results a new highly integrated electric drive containing two different sized electric motors, two clutches and a compressor in one single unit is used as an example. The design led to a variety of functional motor modes presented in the paper. On upscaled measurement results, the efficiency tables for 50 kW and 10 kW PSM- and ASM-motors are used for a combined working strategy. Using the 10 kW motor on low torque and speed requests the traction energy demand of a urban vehicle could be reduced in the range up to 5% on several drive cycles.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127094479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of a Hardware-In-the-Loop bench for hybrid electric working vehicles simulation","authors":"F. Mocera, A. Somà","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935880","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a simulation tool that allows to study and test electric and hybrid electric vehicles' architectures is presented. The great attention towards the ground vehicles electrification process is pushing new design methodologies that allow testing and optimization of innovative architectures based on real working cycles. The complexity of these new systems where components of different nature as mechanical, electrical and electronic have to coexist requires tools where system integration can be fully exploited since the early stages of the design process. Hardware-In-the-Loop can be considered as a practical solution to integrate hybrid simulations (hardware and software) within the design chain. In this paper the design and development process of a Hardware In the Loop test bench will be shown, focusing on its application as simulation tools for industrial machines working cycles.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123894958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Pham, J. Jacob, S. Wilkins, C. Lauwerys, M. Dhaens
{"title":"Integrated model for battery Electric Vehicles with energy harvesting active suspension system","authors":"T. Pham, J. Jacob, S. Wilkins, C. Lauwerys, M. Dhaens","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935863","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an integrated vehicle model to simulate simultaneously the driver, powertrains, chassis, body, road condition, vehicle dynamics and the Active Suspension (AS) system with/without an energy harvesting module. The developed model is used to investigate the ride comfort and influences of energy harvesting AS system on the total energy consumption of battery Electric Vehicles (EVs) relative to EVs with a passive suspension system. Preliminary simulation results show that compared to EVs with a passive suspension system, the ones with AS system improve ride comfort, up to 31% reduction of the vehicle body acceleration RMS value, with an expense of higher energy consumption. This expense can be reduced to about 2.8% when using an energy harvesting AS system. Simulation results also demonstrate that the available energy for recuperation during the AS system operation is significant in relation to the regenerative braking energy of the propulsion system, up to approx. 70% on bumpy road surfaces.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130290248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative study and analysis of different models for photovoltaic (PV) array using in solar car","authors":"Nafaa Jeddi, L. El Amraoui, F. Rico","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935883","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comparative study and analysis between various models of Photo-Voltaic (PV) used on solar vehicles, which have been formulated exclusively using the data sheet parameters. The models used in this paper include Single Diode Model, Two-Diode Model, and the Ideal Single Diode Model.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124514270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie Steinmaßl, Martin Šoltés, M. Lienkamp, V. Senner
{"title":"Ecological light duty vehicles - an experience based product development process based on two different vehicle concepts in a resource limited environment","authors":"Sophie Steinmaßl, Martin Šoltés, M. Lienkamp, V. Senner","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935876","url":null,"abstract":"For specialized vehicles designed for smaller groups, the standard product development process usually leads to inadequate products. The aim of this paper is to develop a flexible and modular product development process that can be used even in a frugal environment and leads to a higher quality of the end product.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116305800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Verification oriented development of a scalable battery management system for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"X. Liu-Henke, Soeren Scherler, Sven Jacobitz","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935868","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the model-based development and validation of a flexible scalable battery management system (BMS) for lithium-ion batteries (LiFePO4) using a verification-oriented development methodology. The BMS consists of a central control unit and decentral cell modules. It measures voltages, currents and temperatures to ensure safe and slow aging operating states. Furthermore, appropriate algorithms estimate the state of charge and predict the maximum battery power in a defined prediction horizon Δt, based on the measurement data. The entire capacity of the production-related slightly differing battery cells can be optimally used by using passive or active load balancing methods which equalize the cell charging levels. The BMS also has a CAN interface for integration into a vehicle ECU network. The development of an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) as a state of charge (SOC) estimator will be shown as an example for the model-based design process.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117228353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The brushless doubly fed induction machine as generator for small hydro power - machine design and experimental verification","authors":"Philipp Löhdefink, A. Dietz, A. Möckel","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935892","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the brushless doubly fed induction machine (BDFM) as an alternative choice as generator for small hydro power plants. Looking at this application, the BDFM offers many advantages, mainly the fact that a speed-variable operation in a convenient speed range is possible with a fractionally-rated inverter without the need for slip rings and brushes. An introduction to analytic modeling of the brushless doubly fed machine is given by using an equivalent circuit model, and a machine design process is shown. At first, the main dimensions of the machine and its rating are discussed considering the tangential stress in the air gap. Afterwards the parameters for the equivalent circuit are derived from the machine's geometry. Because of the complex fields in the BDFM, the well-known calculation approaches for standard machines have to be extended. The model and the design process are verified using finite elements simulations and experimental tests with the implemented prototype machine on the test bench.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"35 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128765020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Direct Torque Control for Autonomous Doubly Fed Induction Machine based DC Generator","authors":"P. Maciejewski, G. Iwański","doi":"10.1109/EVER.2017.7935878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EVER.2017.7935878","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents Direct Torque Control method applied in Autonomous Doubly Fed Induction DC-Voltage Generator. The system consists of doubly fed induction generator which stator circuit is connected to dc-link by diode rectifier and rotor circuit converter is connected to the same dc-link. In such system the main problem are large torque oscillations caused by nonlinear stator connected diode rectifier. Autonomous direct torque control is described as a solution able to reduce this drawback with simultaneous control of stator voltage and frequency.","PeriodicalId":395329,"journal":{"name":"2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER)","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131457721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}