WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Top-Tier Management Diversity on Banks' Bottom Line Employing Operational Performance","authors":"Zaenal Abidin, R. Prabantarikso, Muhammad Akbar, Amabel Nabila","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.71","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of diversity (age, gender, experience, and education) on the bottom line of banks through operational performance in commercial banks in Indonesia. Profitability, as measured by Return on Assets (ROA), is used to approximate the bank's bottom line. Meanwhile, the bank's operational performance is measured by the Operational Efficiency Ratio (OER), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Non-Performing Loan (NPL). This study employs a purposive selection technique with an observation period of 53 banks' annual banking reports from 2021-2022 Commercial Banks. The data analysis methods used are descriptive statistical analysis, moderation regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. The outcome of the bottom line is significantly impacted by Top-tier Management or TTM (age), which has a considerable impact on operational performance. The bottom line is also significantly impacted by TTM diversity, which is mediated by operational performance. The bottom line is significantly impacted by operational performance as well. Gender, experience, and educational diversity in TTM are not significant.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Ethical Behavior of Accounting Graduates in Malaysia: Comparison between Perceptual Statements and Vignettes","authors":"Hasnah Haron, Nurul Nazlia Jamil, N. Ramli, Fatin Arissa Parsimin, Azim Azuan Osman","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.73","url":null,"abstract":"The failure of accountants/auditors to uphold positive values and maintain ethical behavior while performing professional services has been widely discussed. Most future accountants in Malaysia are accounting graduates from Malaysian Institute of Accountants (MIA) accredited universities. Previous studies have found that ethical culture at the workplace will influence the ethical behavior of an individual. Previous studies have measured ethical behavior using vignettes scenarios and perceptual statements. Thus, the study has two objectives, and they are firstly to empirically assess the impact of an ethical workplace culture on the ethical behavior of these graduates and secondly to compare the statistical results of two different measurements of ethical behavior using perceptual statements and vignettes. To achieve both objectives, SmartPLS 4 was utilized to examine the impact of ethical culture at workplace on the ethical behavior of accounting graduates using vignette scenarios and perceptual statements. This study involved 344 samples of accounting graduates from MIA-accredited universities, and path analysis was performed to test the hypotheses. The findings demonstrate a positive relationship between the ethical workplace culture and ethical behavior among accounting graduates, regardless of whether the ethical behavior was measured using vignette scenarios or perceptual statements. However, it was found that the relationship of ethical culture at the workplace and ethical behavior measured by perceptual statements provides a better explanation of the relationship between ethical behavior and workplace culture, as evidenced by its higher path coefficient, larger effect size, and more explanatory power. as opposed to the relationship of ethical culture at workplace and ethical behavior measured by perceptual statements. Taking these results into account, researchers are advised to choose the measurement of ethical behavior carefully and to ensure that the research instruments used are appropriate for the complexity of the phenomenon being studied, which improves the precision and dependability of research results.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where have all the flowers gone? The Impact of COVID-19 on UK Households’ Economic Well-Being","authors":"Demetrio Panarello, Giorgio Tassinari","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.68","url":null,"abstract":"The United Kingdom introduced a national lockdown in March 2020, as a means to curb the rising pace of COVID-19 infections in the country. Since then, the various restrictions imposed on citizens have produced enormous social and economic consequences. However, full awareness of the mid-term and long-term impacts of such restrictive measures is still lacking. In this paper, by making use of longitudinal data from the Understanding Society COVID-19 study, consisting of nine survey waves administered to a representative sample of UK citizens from April 2020 to September 2021, we analyze the potential determinants of lack of employment and poor economic conditions, considering individuals’ length of stay in an economic hardship context and the differential effects related to their socio-demographic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140215644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Cold Storage Expansion Drives Market Development in Albania (Case of Apple Sector)","authors":"Bajram Korsita, Forcim Kola, Griselda Korsita","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.70","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this research study was to determine the effect of cold storage investments on market developments of agriculture products in Albania. The study also examined how the increase in cold storage capacity and the loss reduction because of these investments would stimulate the increase in production and sales of agricultural products. The required data were gathered mainly from primary but also from some secondary sources through surveys and semi-structured interviews. The data gathered through the survey were processed and analyzed. There will be a summary of the respective findings regarding the profile of surveyed entrepreneurs, their investment trend in cold storage facilities, cold storage capacities, loss reduction due to increasing refrigerator rooms, their business activity, sectors involved, market segmentation, strategies, and other developments. We tested the research hypotheses using techniques like the Multiple Linear Regression method. The findings revealed, among other things, a significant positive relationship between sales of agricultural products and investments in cold storage capacities. It’s been statistically evidenced that such variables as Investments, Capacity, and Loss Reduction of Cold Storage are important in increasing Sales of Agriculture Products. Regarding the research findings, the authors recommended increasing investments in refrigerator rooms as it will make it possible to extend agricultural product consumption time. It is vital for agriculture enterprises focused on fruits and vegetables to have a scope of better understanding of these investments and their impact on the market drivers. By knowing better this component, these farmers and entrepreneurs will increase their investments in cold storage capacity, resulting in an extended product consumption time, and as a consequence expanding their internal and external markets in case of exporting. These findings are really important for the agriculture entrepreneurs, but more important for the governmental agencies, because this evidenced relationship will serve as a formula to drive different incentives and support schemas in cold storage investments, generating more contribution from the agriculture sector in the country’s GDP.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140211610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Training and Development on Employee Performance in Port of Salalah in the Sultanate of Oman","authors":"Mohammed Ghanim Hubais, Muhummad Khairul Islam","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.67","url":null,"abstract":"Salalah Port is considered an important contributor to the economic development of Oman in terms of generating revenue from the non-oil sector and employing local Omanis. This study aims to examine the impact of training and development on employee performance in Salalah Port in Oman. To achieve this objective a positivist research paradigm, a deductive approach, a quantitative research strategy, and a simple random sampling technique were employed. A survey questionnaire instrument was employed to collect data from 219 employees working at Salalah Port in Oman. For analyzing the data, the SPSS v23 was used to test the proposed hypotheses. The revealed results indicated that Training Needs Assessment, Training Method, and Training Effectiveness have a significant on employee performance. However, concluded that training and development play a major role in making employee performance effective and efficient. Effectiveness and efficiency in performing job roles contribute to organizational growth.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140211376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Transitioning Maintenance Strategy from Reactive to Proactive in Power Generation Companies: An Empirical Analysis","authors":"H. Shehadeh","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.69","url":null,"abstract":"This empirical study rigorously investigates the impact of transitioning from a reactive maintenance strategy to a proactive approach within the context of power generation companies. The central aim is to quantify and provide a comparative analysis of the efficiency, cost implications, and overall operational impact of adopting proactive versus reactive maintenance strategies in a power plant setting. Drawing on meticulously collected data, the research considers an array of key performance indicators, including maintenance costs, equipment breakdowns, downtime duration, total power output, equipment lifespan, safety incidents, regulatory compliance violations, and investment in staff training and predictive maintenance tools. The findings of this study are both revealing and quantitatively substantial. A transition to a proactive maintenance strategy has demonstrated a reduction in maintenance costs by approximately 20%, coupled with a 35% decrease in the number of equipment breakdowns. Downtime duration was significantly reduced by 40%, enhancing operational efficiency and power output. Notably, the total power output increased by 15%, and the equipment lifespan was extended by an average of 25%. Furthermore, a marked decrease of 50% in safety incidents was observed, reflecting the profound impact of proactive strategies on enhancing safety protocols. However, these improvements are juxtaposed with an initial investment surge, where staff training costs increased by 30%, and expenditure on predictive maintenance tools rose by 25%. This research underscores the critical importance of a comprehensive and quantified understanding of maintenance strategies and their broader impacts on power plant performance. The study illustrates that while proactive maintenance demands initial investments, the long-term benefits significantly outweigh these costs, leading to enhanced operational efficiency, safety, and cost-effectiveness. The insights gleaned from this study provide invaluable guidance for power plant operators, stakeholders, and policymakers in their pursuit to optimize operations, improve safety standards, and achieve economic efficiencies, thereby advocating for a strategic shift towards more proactive maintenance approaches in power plant operations.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140220495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similarities of the Latin Countries in Relation to Customer Expectations about Service Dimensions of the Hotel Service","authors":"Mara Franco, Raquel Meneses, R. Castanho","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.66","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into the alignment of service dimensions with customer expectations in Latin countries, exploring the presence of homogeneity within this diverse group. Utilizing unidirectional ANOVA for individual service dimensions, comparisons were made between the means of the Latin cluster, the Latin European cluster, and the Latin American cluster to evaluate the uniformity of country averages. The results revealthat Latin countries do not form a homogeneous group concerning service dimensions; at least one country demonstrates distinct expectations, indicating varying customer preferences. Additionally, disparities were identified between the Latin-European cluster and the Latin American cluster. This challenges the reliance of Latin companies on cultural and historical proximity for internationalization, as customer expectations for the same service vary. Managers are urged to conduct country-specific analyses and tailor marketing strategies and service offerings to each Latin country. The cross-cultural research spans ten largely unexplored Latin countries, where the absence of consensus among authors in cultural dimension clustering underscores an incongruity in labeling Latin customers as equals with identical service expectations.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Social Media Platform, Virtual Internet Celebrities and Real Idol Brand Spokesmen Perceive Human Nature, Physical Charm, and Study Consumer Reaction Based on Self-Consistency: The Media Effect of Trust","authors":"Li Li, Shanshan Liu, Jong-yoon Lee","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.64","url":null,"abstract":"With technological advances in computer-generated images, a new type of social media influencer has arisen, the virtual webcam. It has an advantage over human webmasters because, without physical constraints, their images are easier to control. However, it remains to be seen and researched whether virtual influencers can be as effective as human influencers in generating positive brand attitudes. Virtual web celebrities or real idols, marketing to consumers is the trust of the marketing effect, so it tries to discuss from the empirical. This paper discusses the role of perceiving human nature, charm, and the mediation effect of trust based on self-consistency. To this end, determine the perception of human-level (high/low) and charm (high/low) self-consistency (high/low) model spokesperson type (virtual web celebrity/real idol) on the influence of advertising effect, the results show that consumers to brand perception human nature and charm level is higher, when a positive attitude towards advertising and high trust, and consumer self-consistency is higher brand spokesperson also have higher preference. In addition, trust also plays a media role in the relationship between the characteristics of brand spokesmen and the advertising effect. Specifically, when the level of human nature and charm is high, the spokesperson will be more trustworthy, which also has a positive impact on the effect of all advertising. Finally, the influence of human nature perception and charm on the advertising effect does not change according to the different types of spokesmen, but in contrast, the trust degree of real idol models is higher than that of virtual web celebrities, and their positive attitude and purchase intention to the brand are also higher. Perception of humanity, charm, and self-consistency all have a positive impact on trust. Furthermore, trustworthiness had a meaningful effect on consumer response and was confirmed to have a vector effect on all independent variables. This study is expected to provide both theoretical and practical value by clarifying the effects of the main variables that may influence the marketing of brand spokesmen.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Security and Privacy on Gen Z Trust in Indonesian E-Commerce","authors":"D. Tjahjana, D. Dwidienawati, Adam Hakim, Alfredo Rivera, Nilson Tandiono, Yudha Ardika","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.65","url":null,"abstract":"In the digital era, numerous organizations and businesses are attempting to influence teenagers to make purchases of their products. In this context, a business needs to gain trust to attract customers in the transaction process. This research aims to examine the relationship between the influences of Security and Privacy on the Trust of Gen Z in Indonesian E-commerce. The research method employed is quantitative. This study involves 400 respondents who are Gen Z consumers (born between 1997-2012) frequently engaging in transactions through e-commerce platforms. The data processing utilized the Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that Security and Privacy each have a positive and significant influence on Trust.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Economic, Environmental and Social Variables in the Consumption of Green Energy. A Comparative Approach of the Balkan Countries","authors":"Brunilda Neli, Dorina Koçi","doi":"10.37394/23207.2024.21.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.63","url":null,"abstract":"Governments and businesses in many countries are orienting their strategies in accordance with meeting the sustainable development goals (SDGs), due to current global development. In a dynamic environment and competitive markets, this strategy orientation is seen as a way to succeed and ensure long-term sustainability. In this context, renewable energy has gained a lot of attention and interest. The promotion and use of renewable energy depend crucially on government policies. Different incentives such as subsidies, tax incentives, renewable energy targets, and regulations that encourage or require the use of renewables can significantly boost their adoption. Renewable energy technologies, such as solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage systems, have advanced and have made their use a more attractive option for consumers and businesses because of their accessibility, affordability, and efficiency. This study aims to present and give a comparative overview of renewable energy investments in the Balkan Countries with a focus on green energy. Green energy is a sub-category of renewable energy that refers only to two sources: sun and wind. Even though green energy is part of renewable energy, it might have specific characteristics that are interesting to be known. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship of the main factors that impact the consumption of green energy in Albania compared to four EU countries. Following the previous research conducted and after identifying the main factors that impact the consumption of green energy, a panel data regression model is used to analyze how these factors are related to the consumption of green energy in 5 countries: Albania (non-EU country), Croatia, Bulgaria, Greece, Slovenia (EU countries). The study results found that the electricity price and education index positively impact the consumption of green energy, while CO2 emissions negatively impact it.","PeriodicalId":39427,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}