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Employment in the Canadian Medical Profession by Immigrant Status, Racialized Group and Gender. 按移民身份、种族化群体和性别分列的加拿大医疗行业就业情况。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27622
Christoph Schimmele, Feng Hou
{"title":"Employment in the Canadian Medical Profession by Immigrant Status, Racialized Group and Gender.","authors":"Christoph Schimmele, Feng Hou","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27622","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines how immigrant status and place of education affect skill utilization among Canadians with a medical degree, using the 2021 Census of Population. Immigrants with a foreign education were less likely to be employed as doctors than Canadian-educated immigrants or Canadian-born people. Among foreign-educated immigrants, racialized people had a larger disadvantage in employment as doctors than their White counterparts. Canadian-educated immigrants mostly had similar employment outcomes as Canadian-born people, but those from the Black, South Asian and Arab/West Asian groups had worse outcomes. A similar disadvantage was found among Canadian-born people from the Black, South Asian and Arab/West Asian groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 4","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Healthcare Access Gaps Persist for French-Preferring Citizens in Canada's Only Officially Bilingual Province: Analysis of New Brunswick Patient Care Experience Survey Data. 在加拿大唯一的官方双语省，偏爱法语的公民在医疗保健方面的差距仍然存在：新不伦瑞克省患者护理经验调查数据分析。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27664
François Gallant, Lise Babin, James Ted Mcdonald
{"title":"Healthcare Access Gaps Persist for French-Preferring Citizens in Canada's Only Officially Bilingual Province: Analysis of New Brunswick Patient Care Experience Survey Data.","authors":"François Gallant, Lise Babin, James Ted Mcdonald","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27664","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Language differences between patients and care providers are a major barrier to delivering quality healthcare. We describe citizen-reported access to healthcare in their preferred official language in New Brunswick by examining survey data from the New Brunswick Health Council (2021 and 2023). Nearly all New Brunswickers report access to a primary care provider in their preferred official language, but other sectors of primary care (e.g., pharmacy, specialists, telehealth) represent significant challenges for French-preferring citizens. Given New Brunswick's unique context as Canada's only officially bilingual province, we highlight research opportunities that could inform strategies to improve language-concordant healthcare nationally.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 4","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Access, Value and Reform: An Analysis of Canada's Pharmaceutical Policy Framework. 准入、价值和改革：加拿大药品政策框架分析。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27665
Douglas Clark
{"title":"Access, Value and Reform: An Analysis of Canada's Pharmaceutical Policy Framework.","authors":"Douglas Clark","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27665","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a rejoinder to an article challenging the pharmaceutical industry's claims that Canada lags in access to innovative drugs due to substandard policies. This rejoinder is in agreement with the article's main argument that Canada succeeds in attracting the new drugs that matter most, and that higher prices or stronger intellectual property protection would have a negligible impact on the timing and degree to which new drugs are launched here generally. At the same time, the rejoinder does acknowledge the legitimacy of the industry's concerns around system inefficiencies stemming from federal-provincial fragmentation but posits that national pharmacare could resolve industry and payer concerns alike. The article calls for thoughtful reform, deeper research into unmet needs and a shift in focus toward patient-relevant outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 4","pages":"29-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Opportunity for Canada and Australia to Learn From One Another's Health Systems. 加拿大和澳大利亚有机会相互学习对方的卫生系统。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27667
Michael Pervan, Jason M Sutherland
{"title":"The Opportunity for Canada and Australia to Learn From One Another's Health Systems.","authors":"Michael Pervan, Jason M Sutherland","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27667","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Provincial healthcare systems are experiencing significant challenges in providing timely access to publicly funded healthcare. The population is aging, increasingly comorbid (Naik et al. 2024), immigration is high (Government of Canada 2024) and public investment in additional healthcare services has not kept pace (CIHI 2024). Meanwhile, challenges to publicly funded healthcare delivery continue to mount; private and for-profit providers are making significant inroads in some provinces and eroding equity of access (Quesnel-Vallée et al. 2020). Canadians are increasingly skeptical that public administration of healthcare is affordable, accessible, effective or efficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 4","pages":"6-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Virtual Care: Evidence From the Pandemic Regarding Changes in Access to Psychiatric Care in Canada. 虚拟护理：来自大流行的证据关于加拿大精神病学护理的变化。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27620
Angel Ruhil, Mina Alizadehsadrdaneshpour, Turjoy Ghose, Eric Nauenberg
{"title":"Virtual Care: Evidence From the Pandemic Regarding Changes in Access to Psychiatric Care in Canada.","authors":"Angel Ruhil, Mina Alizadehsadrdaneshpour, Turjoy Ghose, Eric Nauenberg","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27620","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted access to clinical services, prompting an easing of restrictions on accessing care virtually. While virtual care can substantially differ from in-person care in most specialties, this is minimally true of psychiatry, making it ideal for examining the impact of virtual delivery on access. This paper shows that those already facing access barriers faced new ones during the pandemic. The findings - based on Canadian Institute for Health Information data - highlight disparities in mental healthcare access for low-income individuals, children and adolescents, seniors and rural communities. Moreover, increased access for more patients came at the expense of fewer services per patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 4","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Are Therapeutically Important Drugs No Longer Available in Canada? 加拿大不再提供重要的治疗药物吗？
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27666
Joel Lexchin
{"title":"Are Therapeutically Important Drugs No Longer Available in Canada?","authors":"Joel Lexchin","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27666","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pharmaceutical industry and its allies often claim that various aspects of Canadian pharmaceutical policy result in new drugs not being introduced into the Canadian market. These arguments ignore international evidence that shows that only a minority of new drugs offer major therapeutic gains. A corollary to the industry's message is the threat that new drugs will not be made available if governments or regulatory agencies introduce measures that threaten the profits of pharmaceutical companies. The government should not be intimidated by these threats and should continue to take actions that increase accessibility to necessary medications for all residents of Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 4","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Canadian Family Physician Preferences on Updating the Classification System for Health Conditions and Related Issues. 加拿大家庭医生对更新健康状况和相关问题分类系统的偏好。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27663
Stephanie Garies, Dewdunee Himasara Pathiraja, Kerry A Mcbrien, James A Dickinson, Noah Crampton, Cathy A Eastwood, Danielle A Southern, Kees Van Boven, Huib Ten Napel, Maeve O'beirne, Alexander Singer, Olawunmi Olagundoye, Keith Denny, David J T Campbell, Terrence Mcdonald, Neil Drummond, Hude Quan, Aimie Lee, Michelle Smekal, William A Ghali, Rubee Dev, Tyler Williamson
{"title":"Canadian Family Physician Preferences on Updating the Classification System for Health Conditions and Related Issues.","authors":"Stephanie Garies, Dewdunee Himasara Pathiraja, Kerry A Mcbrien, James A Dickinson, Noah Crampton, Cathy A Eastwood, Danielle A Southern, Kees Van Boven, Huib Ten Napel, Maeve O'beirne, Alexander Singer, Olawunmi Olagundoye, Keith Denny, David J T Campbell, Terrence Mcdonald, Neil Drummond, Hude Quan, Aimie Lee, Michelle Smekal, William A Ghali, Rubee Dev, Tyler Williamson","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27663","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physician billing claims are used to inform health system planning and for other secondary purposes. In most provinces/territories, diagnoses are coded using a system adopted in 1979, the International Classification of Diseases version 9 (ICD-9). This study aimed to understand the perspectives of family physicians on updating ICD-9. Canadian family physicians completed an online patient vignette coding exercise and electronic survey to capture preferences on two newer coding systems (ICD-11; International Classification for Primary Care version 3 [ICPC-3]), compared with the current ICD-9 system. The focus of this paper is the survey data, which were analyzed descriptively. One hundred and sixty-one family physicians from six provinces participated. Over half of them (58%) stated that ICD-9 should be replaced, and 86% of them felt confident learning a new coding system. After the coding exercise, most participants reported that they were very or somewhat satisfied with both newer systems (77% for ICD-11; 73% for ICPC-3). Family physicians in our study support replacing the outdated ICD-9 system to better reflect their workload and patient complexity. This paper provides recommendations for provinces/territories considering modernizing physician billing requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 4","pages":"57-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Commentary: Risk and Causality: The Contribution of Policy Researchers to Public Decisions. 评论：风险与因果关系：政策研究者对公共决策的贡献。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27615
Pierre-Gerlier Forest
{"title":"Commentary: Risk and Causality: The Contribution of Policy Researchers to Public Decisions.","authors":"Pierre-Gerlier Forest","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27615","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In his introduction to the translation into French of Max Weber's famous conferences on science and politics, Raymond Aron makes the insightful suggestion that public decisions must start with two distinct <i>conjectures</i> (Aron 1963: 11). One concerns the risks arising from policy action, or inaction, in a situation or context that is always unique and peculiar, and the other, the uncertainty attached to the results of the action. Greatly simplified, because a decision is rarely made by only one person, outside an institution and the constraints that follow, a decision maker's first order of business is to consider the many consequences that may stem from intervening (or not) to change a situation or solve a problem (Tong 1987). In parallel, the decision maker will want evidence that the measures that are considered can succeed, based on experience or by default, on some plausible \"theory\" of social action (Edenhofer and Kowarsch 2019).</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 3","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Provincial Leadership and Green Shoots: Where to Look for Innovation. 省级领导和新芽：在哪里寻找创新。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27599
Jason M Sutherland
{"title":"Provincial Leadership and Green Shoots: Where to Look for Innovation.","authors":"Jason M Sutherland","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27599","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent federal election highlighted an unfortunate fact: the national political parties were not able or willing to prioritize and champion the needed health reforms to be enacted by provinces. Each of the national parties offered few innovations beyond spending more money in the same way to buy access to family physicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 3","pages":"6-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conceiving Policy Design: Perspectives From Women Pursuing IVF in British Columbia. 怀孕政策设计：来自不列颠哥伦比亚省寻求试管婴儿的妇女的观点。
Healthcare Policy Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2025.27545
Jenna Quelch
{"title":"Conceiving Policy Design: Perspectives From Women Pursuing IVF in British Columbia.","authors":"Jenna Quelch","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27545","DOIUrl":"10.12927/hcpol.2025.27545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People experiencing infertility often face challenges accessing treatment, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), especially in contexts where treatments are not funded by government or public health insurance plans. Using an original survey, this paper examines barriers to accessing IVF in British Columbia (BC), a province that recently announced that it would start funding IVF, beginning in fiscal year 2025/26. The survey findings highlight the financial, geographic and personal barriers that limit access to treatment. BC's new publicly funded IVF program should address patient challenges related to upfront costs, regional variation in the unaffordability of treatment and existing research related to embryo transfer limits in other provinces.</p>","PeriodicalId":39389,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare Policy","volume":"20 3","pages":"46-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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