Medical Journal of Malaysia最新文献

{"title":"Central corneal thickness and topographic indices in Malaysian children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis.","authors":"W H Mohd-Alif, T J Tengku Norina, I Shatriah","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic allergic disease characterised by intense ocular surface symptoms and corneal involvement. There is limited data about the corneal changes in children with VKC based on severity of the disease. We aimed to compare the central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal topographic indices in Malaysian children with VKC, as well as among the varying grades of VKC severity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study is a comparative, crosssectional and hospital-based study. We recruited 83 children with VKC and 83 healthy children as controls. All children underwent complete ocular examinations, CCT measurement using an ultrasound pachymeter and corneal topography using a Placido disc corneal analyser.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a statistically significant difference of means CCT and topographic indices in children with VKC compared to controls (p<0.05). The probability keratoconus reached 18% in children with VKC. The mean CCT was observed to be thinnest in the severe-to-very severe groups of VKC compared to the mild-to-moderate (p<0.05). The means simulated-K1 and -K2, apical keratometry, apical gradient curvature, superior-inferior index and keratoconus prediction index were significantly different in severe-tovery severe VKC compared to mild-to-moderate VKC and controls (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in mean cylinder value and percent probability keratoconus when comparing different groups of severity of VKC (p=0.912 and 0.070 respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with VKC have thinner CCT and topographic indices changes compared to healthy children. Similar pattern was observed between groups with VKC. Degree of astigmatism and probability of keratoconus were similar in mild-to-moderate and severe-to-very severe groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of ovarian stimulation with follitropin delta in a mixed regimen with HP-hMG: a real-world retrospective analysise.","authors":"L J Lim, A M F Kit, P S Wong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Optimising controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) procedures for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) requires an assessment of the patients' medical history, ovarian reserve, prognostic factors and resources to personalise the treatment plan. Treatment personalisation in IVF is increasingly recognised as being vital in providing a balance of efficacy and safety for patients undergoing the COS procedure. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of an ovarian stimulation protocol employing a personalised dosing algorithm for a novel recombinant FSH (rFSH) derived from a human cell-line - follitropin delta, in a mixed gonadotrophin regimen with human menotrophin (HP-HMG). The main outcome of interest in this study is clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) per embryo transfer cycle.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this single-centre, retrospective, non-interventional study of 20 infertility patients, each individual was provided with a personalised COS regimen based on her ovarian reserve biomarker-serum anti- Mullerian hormone (AMH) and body weight, in a gonadotrophin-receptor hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol. Personalised dosing of follitropin delta was coadministered with 75 IU of HP-hMG during the COS duration until the final oocyte maturation trigger injection. Ovarian response, pregnancy and safety outcomes resulting from this procedure were assessed and reported here.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following a mean COS duration of 11 days and 50% of patients who underwent frozen embryo transfers, the CPR per started cycle was 70%. The observed CPR from this study was higher than that reported in the follitropin delta Phase 3 studies using rFSH monotherapy stimulation, and additionally showed no incidents of cycle cancellations and no iatrogenic safety risks such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study provides a first glimpse into the favourable benefit: risk profile of a mixed protocol regimen using follitropin delta combined with HP-hMG in a cohort of Asian patients in Malaysia.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic factors for IVF-ICSI live birth rate in women with endometriosis-related infertility.","authors":"M P Tew, A S Rahilah, S Rosliza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present study aims to identify the factors contributing to diminished successful cumulative live birth rate (LBR) of in-vitro fertilisation-intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) among patients with endometriosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, a retrospective cohort investigation was conducted from January 2016 to December 2022 at the Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Alor Setar, Malaysia. Various determinants influencing substandard cumulative IVF-ICSI LBR prognosis in women diagnosed with endometriosis were analysed. A total of 157 patients, representing 214 IVF-ICSI cycles and 231 embryo transfers, were involved in the current study. The cumulative LBR per cycle was the primary outcome established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study recorded 25.7% (n=55) cumulative LBR per cycle. Prolonged infertility (95% confidence intervals, 95%CI: 0.33, 0.86, p=0.009), moderate to severe endometriosis (95%CI: 0.001, 0.39, p=0.009), and adenomyosis (95%CI: 0.013, 0.98, p=0.048) were factors that significantly reduced the cumulative LBR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A prolonged infertility duration, the presence of adenomyosis, and moderate to severe endometriosis negatively impacted the cumulative LBR in IVF-ICSI treatments for women with endometriosis. Consequently, early aggressive infertility treatments for patients diagnosed with endometriosis are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of risk factors with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in burn patients at the Burn Center of Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.","authors":"M H S Aldy, I Handriani, R H Magda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is the main cause of death in burns and is associated with high burn mortality rates. SIRS occurs when burns are in the subacute phase and is affected by several factors, such as host, trauma and management. The research was conducted at the Burn Center of Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, using retrospective observational analytic research design. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation of risk factors which include age, extent of burns, cause of burns, inhalation trauma, history of hyperglycaemia, anaemia, hypoalbuminemia and ESBL infection with the incidence of SIRS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study is observational analytic research using a retrospective design and secondary data of all burn patients treated at the Burn Center of Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia from January 2018 to December 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 163 burn patients were included. Among comorbidities found were inhalation trauma (39.3%), diabetes mellitus (2.5%), anaemia (14.7%), hypoalbuminemia (40.5%) and ESBL infection (1.2%). A total of 11 patients (6.7%) suffered from SIRS. The statistical analysis showed that anaemia (p=0.012), hypoalbuminemia (p=0.030) and the percentage of burns (p=0.001) were significantly correlated to the incidence of SIRS while age, sex, cause of burn injury, inhalation trauma, diabetes mellitus and ESBL infection have no significant correlation with SIRS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Burn surface area is the most influencing factor of SIRS incident. It is important to meticulously monitor patients with extensive burn areas for indications of SIRS. However, the sample size of this study was relatively small, and it used a retrospective approach, so a larger sample size and a prospective or cohort design method were recommended for further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related quality of life and its relationship with time use, role participation and perceived social support among retirees in Klang Valley and Malacca.","authors":"N S Noor Azreen, M Q M Sabri, T A M Tengku Mohd, N Baharom, N Nurhidayah, A Z Che Daud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With increased life expectancy among older adults in Malaysia, there is an increasing number of years of living after retirement. The role and lifestyle changes can significantly affect time use and participation in everyday life, influencing individuals' quality of life (QoL) and wellbeing. However, limited research has examined the healthrelated QoL and its relationship with time use, role participation and perceived social support among retirees in Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we used the Malay versions of EuroQol 5 Dimensional (EQ-5D- 3L, Time Use Diary, Role Checklist Version 3 (RCv3) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) questionnaires among 362 purposively selected Malaysian retirees aged 55 and older. Regression analysis was employed to identify the predictor of health-related QoL using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate a weak positive association between all determinants (time use, role participation, perceived social support) and health-related QoL among retirees. Only time use and role participation significantly influenced the health-related QoL of retirees. Our findings reveal no direct and substantial relationship between perceived social support and health-related QoL among Malaysian retirees.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest active role involvement and effective time management can improve retirees' healthrelated QoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron burden and endocrine complications in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients In Sarawak, Malaysia: a retrospective study.","authors":"L C Chow, B S Lee, S O Tang, E W Loh, S C Ng, X Y Tan, M N Ahmad Noordin, G B Ong, L C Chew","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thalassaemia is one of the major health problems in Malaysia. With safe blood transfusion regime, the lifespan of patients with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia (TDT) has improved but at the cost of a higher risk of developing endocrine disorders. It is crucial for us to monitor the iron overload to prevent end organ damage. This study aims to evaluate the iron burden and prevalence of endocrinopathies in patients with TDT in Sarawak.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2020 to June 2020 in six government hospitals in Sarawak. A total of 89 patients with TDT, aged 10 years and above, were recruited.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 89 patients, there were 54 males (60.7%) and 35 females (39.3%) with a median age of 21 years (range 10.0-65.0). Sixty-seven (75.3%) patients had betathalassaemia major and 15 (16.9%) patients had haemoglobin E beta-thalassaemia (HbE beta-thalassaemia), remaining seven patients had other genotypes. Thirty-one (34.8%) patients had mean serum ferritin 2500ng/ml and above, and 44 (66.6%) had liver iron concentration (LIC) ≥7mg/g. The prevalence of endocrine disorders in our cohort was 69.7%. The most common endocrinopathies were short stature (n=46, 51.7%), followed by hypogonadism (n=24, 26.9%), delayed puberty (n=23, 25.8%), hypothyroidism (n=10, 11.2%), diabetes mellitus (n=9, 10.1%), impaired glucose tolerance (n=6, 6.7%) and hypoparathyroidism (n=3, 3.3%). Endocrinopathies were significantly associated with age (p=0.01), age at initiating regular blood transfusion (p<0.01) and duration of regular blood transfusion (p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data shows that the development of endocrinopathies in TDT can be time dependent. Early detection of endocrine-related complications and prompt treatment with iron chelation therapy are important to improve morbidity and mortality. A multidisciplinary approach with good patient-doctor collaboration is the key to improving patient care in our settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High fibre and fluid intake increase the success of hypospadias surgery.","authors":"H Poerwosusanta, M Bakhriansyah, A A Wibowo, Juhairina, D Raihani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypospadias is a congenital malformation of the urethral meatus in the ventral penis that requires surgery. Fibre and fluid intake can accelerate the healing process, act as an anti-inflammatory and support the success of surgery. Based on hypospadias objective scoring evaluation (HOSE) scoring, this study aims to determine whether a high-fibre diet and adequate fluid intake affect the outcome of hypospadias surgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This analytic observational study used a case-control study design on 104 post-operative hypospadias patients at Ulin and Siaga Hospital Banjarmasin from 2018 to 2023 with quota sampling. Data were collected using personal data forms with hypospadias objective scoring evaluation (HOSE) and semi-quantitativefood frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), which were analysed using a multinomial logistic regression test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with less-fibre-intake had a 99.10% lower chance of having an excellent surgical outcome than patients with moderate-fibre-intake (Adjusted Odds Ratio, Adj. OR: 0.009, 95% Confidence Intervals; 95%CI: 0.000, 0.249), and it was statistically significant. The study did not find any association between fluid intake and surgical outcome, this could be due to the fact that most of the patient had good fluid intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found that high fibre intake increases the success of hypospadia surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of acute acquired concomitant esotropia in a tertiary referral centre in Malaysia.","authors":"W Karimmah, M Nurul-Farhana, M Y Aiman-Mardhiyyah, H Waheeda-Azwa, H J Wardati, I Shatriah","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) is an uncommon type of strabismus that occurs due to interruption of fusion. Limited data are available on AACE from Asian countries especially from the Southeast Asian region. We aim to describe the clinical profile and surgical outcomes of AACE patients treated in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of 20 patients aged 3-26 years who were diagnosed with AACE and attended Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, between January 2020 and June 2022 with follow-up periods a minimum of 12 months. Demographic data, clinical features, neuroimaging, surgical intervention, and final ocular alignment outcomes were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of onset was 9.7±6.6 years. There were equal numbers of males and females in this study. Hypermetropia (45%) was the leading refractive error. Angle of deviation of 50 PD and more was documented in 50% of the patients at distance, and 70% of the patients at near fixation. Fifty per cent had an absence of stereoacuity at presentation. Neuroimaging was performed on 13 patients (65%), and two patients had intracranial pathology. All patients underwent bilateral medial rectus recession during primary surgery. Eighteen patients (90%) experienced excessive near work-related activities for >4 hours per day, and 19 patients (95%) achieved good ocular alignment, restoration of stereoacuity and resolved diplopia after the surgical intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mean age of onset was 9.7±6.6 years. Almost half of our patients had uncorrected hypermetropia. Furthermore, 90% of patients had excessive near-work activities, and 95% achieved good post-surgery alignment.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical properties of auditory behaviour outcome measures for children with hearing loss: a scoping review.","authors":"S M Haris, N Onwi, N A Mohamed Zain, S Rahmat, B F Othman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Various evaluation tools have been developed to track the growth of auditory-related behaviours of children with hearing loss during intervention. However, the reliability and validity of currently available outcome measures remain uncertain due to the lack of information on their psychometric properties. A lack of reliable outcome measures may jeopardise intervention quality and affect these children's listening skills progression. This scoping review aims to explore the mechanics of producing or developing an outcome measure either completely new or adapted from the original version that is considered as having robust statistical properties.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted across four databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar). The included articles were written in English, published between January 2010 and June 2023, and specific to predefined keywords. Two independent reviewers screened and selected the final papers using the PRISMScR checklist. A code framework was created to extract information about the publications and conducted by one reviewer. The results were reported using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis were conducted on 22 articles out of 452 articles screened. The review identified seven outcome measures presented in various languages. The outcome measures found were the Auditory Behaviour in Everyday Life (ABEL), Functional Listening Index for Paediatric (FLI-P), Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS), Integrated Scales of Development (ISD), LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire (LEAQ), Parent's Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance in Children (PEACH), Parent's Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance in Children Diary (PEACH Diary), Teachers' Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance in Children (TEACH) and Parent's Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance in Children Plus (PEACH+). A total of 13 studies focused on translating, adapting and validating an outcome measure while the remaining investigations validated either the translated or original version of the outcome measures. All original instruments were developed in English and among Western culture, except for the LEAQ which was designed in the German language and for the German population. The outcome measures identified were translated and adapted into Spanish, Turkish, Persian, Hebrew, Arabic, Malay, Yoruba, Polish, Swedish, Hindi, Portuguese, Kannada and Mandarin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All studies performed an extensive evaluation of psychometric properties and feasibility studies to produce an excellent quality of auditory-related behaviour outcome measure for clinical use with the intended population. A new outcome measure, FLI-P, was found to be clinically useful for the primary provider of learning to listen and spoken language training for children with hearing impairment in Malaysia","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective review of antiphospholipid syndrome: a single tertiary centre experience.","authors":"W C Yeoh, A L Lim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterised by thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Our study aims to study the clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment strategies and outcomes of APS patients retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective review of all APS patients treated in Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Pulau Pinang between October 2021 and October 2022 was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53 APS patients (age 42.4±13.9 years) including 22 (41.5%) primary and 31 (58.5%) secondary APS patients were identified. Thrombosis was the most common clinical manifestation (51/53; 96.2%) followed by pregnancy morbidity (15/45; 33.3%). For other clinical manifestations, aPL-associated thrombocytopenia was the most frequently observed manifestation (26.4%) followed by autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (18.9%). Lupus anticoagulant (LA) (88.7%) was the most commonly found aPL followed by anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) (50.9%) and anti-beta 2 glycoprotein 1 antibody (B2GP1) (30.2%). 10 (18.9%) patients tested positive for all three aPL. The majority of our patients (86.8%) receive warfarin as anticoagulation therapy while the remaining receive aspirin or direct oral anticoagulants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our population cohort demonstrated a high incidence of pregnancy morbidities and a similar incidence of thrombotic events compared to other population cohorts in both Asian and the European countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":39388,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}