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Alienation and Redemption: The Praxis of (Roman) Archaeology in Britain 异化与救赎:英国(罗马)考古的实践
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.16995/traj.374
J. Weekes, Sadie Watson, Lacey Wallace, F. Mazzilli, A. Gardner, M. Alberti
{"title":"Alienation and Redemption: The Praxis of (Roman) Archaeology in Britain","authors":"J. Weekes, Sadie Watson, Lacey Wallace, F. Mazzilli, A. Gardner, M. Alberti","doi":"10.16995/traj.374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/traj.374","url":null,"abstract":"The TRAC session that led to this series of combined mini-papers was consciously designed as a forum for discussion, the aim being to consider how to tackle perceived systemic problems in the archaeology of Roman Britain (as much as the archaeology of other periods) that lead to destructive methods, interpretive fallacies and poor job satisfaction. The shared feeling of those present seemed to be that the systems prevalent in both developer-funded (or ‘commercial’) archaeology, university archaeology departments and even in the museum context are overly driven by ideas of competition, division and acquisition for its own sake, the apparently dominant neoliberal values of our time. Such values are not akin to the valuing of the historic environment per se, but rather promote constraining hierarchies within and between organisations, and a basic lack of communication and team working.","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"484 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116192527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Same Taste, Different Place: Looking at the Consciousness of Food Origins in the Roman World 相同的味道，不同的地方:看罗马世界的食物起源意识
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.16995/TRAJ.378
Erica Rowan
{"title":"Same Taste, Different Place: Looking at the Consciousness of Food Origins in the Roman World","authors":"Erica Rowan","doi":"10.16995/TRAJ.378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/TRAJ.378","url":null,"abstract":"While an enormous variety and quantity of foodstuffs were moved around the Roman Empire, the general population may not always have reflected upon or valued knowledge regarding the origin of their foodstuffs. This article looks at the methodological challenges associated with identifying a consciousness of food origins and connectivity, particularly in the non-elite. Sensory archaeology is used to demonstrate a degree of consciousness based on the physical experience of consumption and the mnemonic links forged between consumption, emotion, and memory. Focusing on the sensory experiences of non-native soldiers, archaeobotanical assemblages from Roman military sites in Germania inferior are used as case studies. The article concludes with a closer look at the frequently mentioned, yet not fully explored notion of a ‘taste of home’ in the ancient world and at what point a foodstuff no longer evoked a reflection upon its place of origin.","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116252838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Formal Modelling Approaches to Complexity Science in Roman Studies: A Manifesto 罗马研究中复杂性科学的形式化建模方法:宣言
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.16995/TRAJ.367
Tom Brughmans, J. Hanson, Matthew J. Mandich, I. Romanowska, X. Rubio-Campillo, S. Carrignon, Stephen A. Collins-Elliott, Katherine A. Crawford, Dries Daems, Francesca Fulminante, Tymon de Haas, P. Kelly, Maria del Carmen Moreno Escobar, Eleftheria Paliou, L. Prignano, M. Ritondale
{"title":"Formal Modelling Approaches to Complexity Science in Roman Studies: A Manifesto","authors":"Tom Brughmans, J. Hanson, Matthew J. Mandich, I. Romanowska, X. Rubio-Campillo, S. Carrignon, Stephen A. Collins-Elliott, Katherine A. Crawford, Dries Daems, Francesca Fulminante, Tymon de Haas, P. Kelly, Maria del Carmen Moreno Escobar, Eleftheria Paliou, L. Prignano, M. Ritondale","doi":"10.16995/TRAJ.367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/TRAJ.367","url":null,"abstract":"Complexity science refers to the theoretical research perspectives and the formal modelling tools designed to study complex systems. A complex system consists of separate entities interacting following a set of (often simple) rules that collectively give rise to unexpected patterns featuring vastly different properties than the entities that produced them. In recent years a number of case studies have shown that such approaches have great potential for furthering our understanding of the past phenomena explored in Roman Studies. We argue complexity science and formal modelling have great potential for Roman Studies by offering four key advantages: (1) the ability to deal with emergent properties in complex Roman systems; (2) the means to formally specify theories about past Roman phenomena; (3) the power to test aspects of these theories as hypotheses using formal modelling approaches; and (4) the capacity to do all of this in a transparent, reproducible, and cumulative scientific framework. We present a ten-point manifesto that articulates arguments for the more common use in Roman Studies of perspectives, concepts and tools from the broader field of complexity science, which are complementary to empirical inductive approaches. There will be a need for constant constructive collaboration between Romanists with diverse fields of expertise in order to usefully embed complexity science and formal modelling in Roman Studies.","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134209236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
3D Imaging as a Public Engagement Tool: Investigating an Ox Cranium Used in Target Practice at Vindolanda 三维成像作为一种公众参与工具:调查在Vindolanda靶标实践中使用的牛头盖骨
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.16995/TRAJ.364
Rhys Williams, T. Thompson, C. Orr, A. Birley, G. Taylor
{"title":"3D Imaging as a Public Engagement Tool: Investigating an Ox Cranium Used in Target Practice at Vindolanda","authors":"Rhys Williams, T. Thompson, C. Orr, A. Birley, G. Taylor","doi":"10.16995/TRAJ.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/TRAJ.364","url":null,"abstract":"Museums have an ethical code of research and education, and 3D imaging has great potential in helping to achieve some of these objectives by providing accurate replications without barriers to access. Digital and printed models may remove object authenticity, but they do provide direct encounters with heritage and archaeological science whilst preserving the archaeological record. To demonstrate the potential for 3D imaging in archaeology and public engagement, this paper investigated an Ox cranium used for target practice at Vindolanda, Northumberland, UK. Vindolanda is a World Heritage Site on the Frontiers of the Roman Empire, known for its exceptional preservation of artefacts. The trauma type, shaping, impact direction and mortem period were identified, followed by comparisons and physical fits with weaponry used by the military at Vindolanda. The digital and printed models provide effective tools for displaying this evidence within the context of Roman archery to the public. The cranium had evidence of repeated target practice from arrows and potentially lances. The fragmentation of the trauma was angled internally, showing that the arrows were aimed from the front and toward the facial area of the Ox. The high-precision of the archers had separated the lower right portion of the facial area from the rest of the cranium. Several arrowhead sites and two lance head sites overlapped with little additional destruction, showing that some weapons were removed and retargeted. These features provide supporting evidence of individuals in the Roman military at Vindolanda actively participating in high-level archery target practice. The success of this pilot study will be developed to produce 3D models of the crania recovered from Vindolanda for the public to directly interact with this complex, contextual information for deep and effective learning.","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126023653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Curing with Creepy Crawlies: A Phenomenological Approach to Beetle Pendants Used in Roman Magical and Medicinal Practice 用令人毛骨悚然的小爬虫治疗:罗马魔法和医学实践中使用的甲虫吊坠的现象学方法
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.16995/TRAJ.363
A. Parker
{"title":"Curing with Creepy Crawlies: A Phenomenological Approach to Beetle Pendants Used in Roman Magical and Medicinal Practice","authors":"A. Parker","doi":"10.16995/TRAJ.363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/TRAJ.363","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence for some ephemeral, Roman, ritual practices, particularly using organic materials, is lost to us. This paper will introduce a case study which has not been previously considered as a platform to explore the material relationships between invertebrates and their use in magical or medicinal practices. Through a combination of discussing the biology and zoogeography of the stag beetle Lucanus cervus, in combination with a phenomenological approach to the topic that considers the beetles as real, living creatures and situates them within a living and changing environment throughout, this paper raises questions about, and adds colour to, our understanding of the potential uses of stag beetles as pendants for such purposes in the Roman world. Experimental investigations using other beetle species were undertaken as part of this investigation to show that there are significant logistical issues which may have been encountered during the preparation of an insect for the purpose of personal adornment. The novel approach adopted in this paper is multidisciplinary, drawing on strands of biology, archaeoentomology, materiality, and sensory archaeologies, in addition to the experimental reconstructions.","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122901970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Postnationalism and the Past: The Politics of Theory in Roman Archaeology 后民族主义与过去:罗马考古学中的理论政治
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.16995/TRAJ.370
Emily Hanscam
{"title":"Postnationalism and the Past: The Politics of Theory in Roman Archaeology","authors":"Emily Hanscam","doi":"10.16995/TRAJ.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/TRAJ.370","url":null,"abstract":"European archaeology faces two significant challenges: the intractability of old national narratives about the past, combined with the resurgence of reactionary populism, and the need to update the toolkit of social archaeological theory to meet the challenges presented by the current global political climate. The theory of postnationalism offers one way of addressing both the present political situation and the need to rejuvenate archaeological theory to meet this danger—it provides both a warning of how nationalism continues to influence research and an entreaty for archaeology to embrace its political nature. By exploring the history of scholarship and politics in Roman archaeology in Romania and the public reception of Roman studies in Britain through the lens of postnationalism, this paper argues that while the past has always been and always will be political, archaeology as a discipline is at a watershed moment—archaeologists must become unapologetic political actors.","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126617305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
‘Sweet and Delicious, he who Tastes it will Go Back to it’: Food, Memory and Religion in the Roman Middle East “甘甜可口，尝者必回味”:罗马中东地区的食物、记忆与宗教
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 2018-10-03 DOI: 10.16995/TRAJ.146
Zena Kamash
{"title":"‘Sweet and Delicious, he who Tastes it will Go Back to it’: Food, Memory\u0000 and Religion in the Roman Middle East","authors":"Zena Kamash","doi":"10.16995/TRAJ.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/TRAJ.146","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to understand food habits in Roman-period temples in the Middle East by exploring the nexus of taste, architecture and memory. This article shows that there was a range of flavours and tastes associated with religious behaviour and some that were explicitly not associated with religion. Where the data allow, this article demonstrates that some food practices can survive in cultural memory and be brought back after a seeming break of several hundred years: a glimpse of habits that are hard to break. I argue that we need to look beyond the rooms with benches to the whole temple building to understand the interplay between the foods eaten and the setting in which that happened. One of the strongest habits seems to have been the selective and deliberate incorporation of food memories into the fabric of the buildings. While there are clear similarities in behaviour across a wide tranche of time and space, there are also idiosyncracies that echo the malleability of memory to reflect long-term habits, but also to be open to new introductions.","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121587733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Resistance is Useless! Culture, Status, and Power in the Civitas Icenorum 抵抗是无用的!《文明至上》中的文化、地位和权力
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-27 DOI: 10.16995/TRAJ.350
Natasha Harlow
{"title":"Resistance is Useless! Culture, Status, and Power in the Civitas\u0000 Icenorum","authors":"Natasha Harlow","doi":"10.16995/TRAJ.350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/TRAJ.350","url":null,"abstract":"The interpretation of past status and hierarchy often relies on modern concepts of social stratification. Despite much debate over the structure of Late Iron Age and early Romano-British societies, there remains a tendency to refer uncritically to the role of ‘native elites’ in cultural contact and change. This paper reassesses assumptions surrounding the Iceni, a group known historically for their uprisings against Roman occupation. While their seemingly slow uptake of continental imports, compared with elsewhere in southern Britannia, may demonstrate cultural conservatism or deliberate resistance, I argue that this was a nuanced and selective process. Through analysis of numerous small finds, this paper explores the evidence for spatial, conceptual, and material boundaries between the Iceni and their neighbours, and between colonised and colonisers. Instead of anticipating territories or identities based on Classical narratives, it reconsiders the complexities of social organisation and resistance through the lens of material culture.","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134639624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Title Pending 8881 待定标题8881
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.16995/traj.8881
{"title":"Title Pending 8881","authors":"","doi":"10.16995/traj.8881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/traj.8881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115366985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Title Pending 4331 待定标题4331
Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.16995/traj.4331
{"title":"Title Pending 4331","authors":"","doi":"10.16995/traj.4331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/traj.4331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393384,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126474755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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