Emily Aquadro, Lorelys Arroyo Rivera, Alexandra Dodd
{"title":"Treatment of Catatonia in a Young Adult with COVID-19 Infection; Case Report and Review of the Literature on Electroconvulsive Therapy During the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Emily Aquadro, Lorelys Arroyo Rivera, Alexandra Dodd","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Infection with COVID-19 has presented diversely in patients, including neuropsychiatric symptoms such as akinetic mutism. Most of these cases involve patients of middle-to-late age or with other health comorbidities. This is a unique case of a long hospitalization for severe catatonic symptoms in a patient with covid-19 infection in which ultimately, ECT helped produce rapid improvements in catatonia. Access to prompt ECT has been limited during the ongoing pandemic, and this case illustrates the importance of managing contamination risk and maintaining access to psychiatric treatment resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1134593422000185/pdfft?md5=24ad98026d3e4e745b48008f8aa2e33a&pid=1-s2.0-S1134593422000185-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130034445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La respuesta placebo en el consumo de cocaína: una revisión sistemática","authors":"Estela Rueda, José Francisco Navarro","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study of the placebo response in the modulation of the effects of drugs of abuse is receiving increasing interest. The aim of the present systematic review is to examine the placebo response in cocaine use. For this purpose, we conducted a literature search in the Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases, which has been complemented with a manual search, finally including a total of 15 papers between both searches. The results indicate higher responses after cocaine administration than after placebo; moreover, it has been found that exposure to cocaine-related stimuli generates an expectancy in people with a history of cocaine use, which plays a crucial role in both objective and subjective induced responses (mainly increased heart rate and blood pressure and increased craving), which are not as pronounced in subjects without a history of cocaine use. These results suggest that this phenomenon is mediated by a conditioning history of the consuming participants that determines the response to the drug even before ingestion. Knowledge of the functioning of the placebo response in drug use allows the identification of markers of the disease state, thus allowing the implementation better intervention strategies</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1134593422000203/pdfft?md5=eeeeb61724a5fca4d8b3c82e4e256c50&pid=1-s2.0-S1134593422000203-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132070321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rocío Paricio del Castillo, Inmaculada Palanca Maresca
{"title":"Trastorno del espectro autista en menores con superdotación intelectual: descripción de un diagnóstico complejo","authors":"Rocío Paricio del Castillo, Inmaculada Palanca Maresca","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>We intend to analyze the clinical characteristics of intellectually gifted minors with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), stating that early identification of giftedness is not linked to an early ASD diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><p>Descriptive analysis in a sample of n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8 patients ages 7 to 16, with identified giftedness refered to a medical consultation specialized in infantile autism for a diagnostic evaluation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>6 of the latter referred patients received an ASD clinical diagnosis. Only 3 of the patients were above the cut-off point for autism spectrum on the ADOS-2 evaluation. The average age of detection was 5’88 for Giftedness and 9’83 for ASD, with an average time of 4’83 years elapsed in between. All of them had been previously evaluated in Mental Health Services and 7 had received at least one previous psychiatric diagnosis, as well as psycho-pharmacological treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>It is possible that the superimposition between the clinical characteristics of Giftedness and ASD symptoms may delay the latter’s diagnosis when the previous have been detected, be it due to a masking phenomenon, an attribution bias, or that the Giftedness category is better accepted. This patients significant clinical deterioration seems to worsen during adolescence. The uncompleted conceptualization of neuro-divergence may be hampering the clinicians ability to identify and classify minors with an atypical neurodevelopment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Giftedness identification may delay ASD diagnosis. We must improve investigation about neuro-development and neuro-diversity, as well as intelligence and its connection to ASD. Child and Adolescent psychiatrists’ specific training in neuro-development is therefore essential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134618313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristian-Daniel Llach , Anna Giménez-Palomo , Eduard Vieta
{"title":"Uso de cariprazina en el trastorno bipolar: una revisión sistemática y aspectos prácticos","authors":"Cristian-Daniel Llach , Anna Giménez-Palomo , Eduard Vieta","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cariprazine is a new generation antipsychotic that acts as a partial agonist of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors and serotonin 5HT1A receptors.</p><p>Cariprazine has now been approved by the Spanish Medicines Association (Asociación Española del Medicamento (AEM)) for the treatment of schizophrenia, and by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of the manic, depressive, and mixed states associated with bipolar disorder (BD). The available scientific evidence, and several international guidelines attest to the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of this drug and endorse its use in any type of acute BD episode, with or without mixed symptoms.</p><p>The most frequent adverse effects are extrapyramidal symptoms, especially akithisia. Studies propose individualising the dose of cariprazine to the type and severity of the episode, and the patient’s tolerability. The most recent studies also seem to indicate a potential benefit in the prevention of relapse in the euthymia phase, and clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate this and the impact of the drug on patients’ cognitive sphere and functionality. To conclude, the use of cariprazine in bipolar disorder is fully justified from a scientific perspective, with overall benefits that far outweigh the adverse effects profile.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1134593422000288/pdfft?md5=264aa2a31e695af9643901036eb2d334&pid=1-s2.0-S1134593422000288-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133189685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Borderline personality disorder among cannabis users and its association with demographic variables","authors":"Roya Vaziri-harami , Sahar Sefidgar , Saharnaz Vaziri-harami , Nastaran Samani","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The abuse and chronic use of cannabis is associated with several physical and psychological adverse effects including depression and anxiety. Substance abuse is likely to be associated with increased frequency of borderline personality disorder. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of borderline personality disorder among engineering students, its severity and association with demographic variables.</p><p>This descriptive cross-sectional study included 100 engineering students who were determined as cannabis abusers using DSM-5 criteria. These participants were evaluated for borderline personality disorder with borderline personality inventory (BPI) and based on the score were grouped as low probability of being a borderline personality, average probability of being a borderline personality and very likely to be borderline personality. Demographic information of the participants such as gender, age, town of residence and education were also collected in a research questionnaire for evaluation.</p><p>Of 100 participants, 68% were males and 32% were females and the mean age of the participants was 24.1 ± 3.75 years. 54% participants had low probability, 37% had medium and 9% had high probability of borderline personality disorder. The incidence and severity of borderline personality disorder was not significantly associated with the gender, education, and area of residence p > 0.05, however it was significantly associated with the age, respectively.</p><p>Our study showed that about 9% of the participants had high probability of borderline personality disorder regardless of their gender, education, and town of residence. Further studies with different age groups and larger sample size are required in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72232236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Posesión demoníaca y exorcismo: a propósito de un caso","authors":"Alexandra Osca, Yanira D’Hiver, Elena Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patients diagnosed with psychosis who are believers may use the symbols and rituals of their religion to give meaning to a psychotic experience. We present the case of a patient diagnosed with a psychotic disorder, with a predominance of delusional ideas of mystical-religious content, who in their first consultation with the psychiatrist demanded a medical report so that an exorcism could be conducted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72232237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Goñi- Navarro, Óscar Bueno- Sainz, Judith Álvarez- Borillo, Paula Mollá- Roig, Ricardo Campos-Ródenas, Nora Yárnoz- Goñi
{"title":"Cocaína y síndrome de Ekbom: a propósito de un caso","authors":"Ana Goñi- Navarro, Óscar Bueno- Sainz, Judith Álvarez- Borillo, Paula Mollá- Roig, Ricardo Campos-Ródenas, Nora Yárnoz- Goñi","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Delusional infestation is a psycho-cutaneous disorder in which sufferers have a fixed belief of parasitization.</p><p>A case report of a woman diagnosed with delusional infestation secondary to cocaine use is presented, with a good clinical response to treatment with olanzapine. For the treatment of delusional infestation, multidisciplinary work with psychiatry is essential, as well as the establishment of a strong therapeutic rapport with the patient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72232240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Gładka , Tomasz Zatoński , Joanna Rymaszewska
{"title":"Association between particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, benzo[a]pyrene air concentrations, suicide and suicide attempts in Poland","authors":"Anna Gładka , Tomasz Zatoński , Joanna Rymaszewska","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p><span>Certain air pollutants are associated with mental health conditions, like cognitive decline, depression and suicide. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between long-term exposure to airborne concentrations of particulate matter<span> (PM), sulphur dioxide (SO</span></span><sub>2</sub><span>), nitrogen dioxide (NO</span><sub>2</sub>), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and suicide rates, suicide attempts and suicide attempts among people with mental disorder.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The data used covered the years 2013–2016 of 27 regions in Poland, came from the Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection, the Provincial Police Headquarters and the Central Statistical Office. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses had been performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Results of the study indicate that ozone is correlated with the rate of suicide attempts, the rate of total suicides and attempts at suicide attempts among people with mental disorder (r = 0.548, p < 0.001; r = 0.371, p < 0.01; r = 0.422, p < 0.01, respectively). Independent predictors of suicide attempts were high ozone concentration (β = 0.00216, p < 0.001), high feminisation and a small number of beneficiaries of environmental social welfare per 10,000 population. Completed suicide rate was associated with increased air concentrations of PM</span><sub>10</sub> particulate matter (b = 0.0003, p = 0.001; β = 0.003, p < 0.001), a high number of employees and a high level of total pollutant emissions (β = 0.00027, p = 0.031). Finally, suicide attempts among people with psychiatric disorder were linked to high ozone concentration (b = 0.0005; p < 0.001; β = 0.0003; p = 0.004) and low SO<sub>2</sub> concentration (b = − 0.0011; p < 0.001; β = − 0.0008; p = 0.002).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Air pollutions' impact on suicidality is comparable to some adverse demographic factors and it should be considered as a strong predictor for suicidal behaviour.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72269007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of the functional vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1/SLC18A1) Thr136Ile gene variant in bipolar disorder","authors":"Zeynep Yegin , Gokhan Sarisoy , Ayse Erguner Aral , Haydar Koc","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p><span>Bipolar disorder<span> (BD) is an episodic and recurrent mood disturbance ranging from mania to severe depression. Because of the heterogeneity of psychiatric disorders, enlightening the possible molecular risk drivers is crucial. Vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1) is an important candidate gene to study the underlying molecular mechanisms in BD pathogenesis since it has a significant role in the packaging of monoaminergic </span></span>neurotransmitters into presynaptic storage vesicles. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether functional and evolutionarily important variant of VMAT1 gene (Thr136Ile (rs1390938)) would affect the susceptibility of the individuals to BD in a Turkish population.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>One hundred twenty BD patients and one hundred one healthy control individuals were recruited for the study. Samples were genotyped using PCR-RFLP method to detect VMAT1 gene variant (Thr136Ile (rs1390938)).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Contrary to our expectations, VMAT1 Thr136Ile (rs1390938) gene variant was not associated with BD in our population. There was also no relationship between VMAT1 genotypes and some clinically significant parameters in BD patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our data showed no association between VMAT1 Thr136Ile (rs1390938) and BD in Turkish population. We strongly recommend the analysis of this variant in other populations to draw a precise conclusion about the role of this variant in bipolar disorder. Further large-scale research for the other variants of VMAT1 is also required to clarify the strong hypothesis focused on VMAT1 variants in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72232238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creating the optimal diet: Diet can reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia","authors":"Kalyani Rajalingham","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2022.100364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Schizophrenia is a severe illness that affects 24 million individuals around the globe. Individuals with schizophrenia have been known to make poor nutritional choices. In fact, they are known to consume a lot more sugar and fat, and less fruits and vegetables. In this paper, I show how diet can reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia; that is, that consumption of certain foods can lessen the symptoms of schizophrenia. Further, I create an optimal diet for individuals with schizophrenia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72232239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}