Journal of Bamboo and Rattan最新文献_第4页

Employment generation and economics of cane-based furniture enterprises of Chittagong, Bangladesh 孟加拉国吉大港以甘蔗为基础的家具企业的就业和经济

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1163/156915905774309982

M. Alamgir, M. Jashimuddin, M. Bhuiyan

{"title":"Employment generation and economics of cane-based furniture enterprises of Chittagong, Bangladesh","authors":"M. Alamgir, M. Jashimuddin, M. Bhuiyan","doi":"10.1163/156915905774309982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156915905774309982","url":null,"abstract":"An exploratory survey was carried out to assess employment generation and economics of cane-based furniture enterprises of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Multi-stage random sampling was adopted to carry out the study. Based on the total investment the enterprises were divided into large, medium and small. For the study, five enterprises from each category were selected at random. Most of the labour engaged in cane furniture making is skilled (67.21%). The main source of both skilled and unskilled labours is in rural areas, which is about 77%. The wage rate of unskilled workers varied from US$ 15 to 30 per month, whereas for skilled workers it varied from US$ 45 to more than 75 per month. Man-days required producing an article varied from 6.5 to 31.5 (dolna and dinning, respectively). Net average profit per article was the highest in Sofa (45 cm × 45 cm; US$ 20) and lowest in Dolna (US$ 2). Seven articles of 16 different sizes were identified made from cane, which are sofa (45 cm × 45 cm, 50 cm × 50 cm and 55 cm × 55 cm), dinning (4 chairs and 1 table, and 6 chairs and 1 table), Bed (1 m × 2 m, 1.3 m × 2.3 m and 1.5 m × 2.3 m), chair (45 cm × 45 cm and 50 cm × 50 cm), rocking chair (large, medium and small), dolna (hanging and running) and partition. The total net annual income from cane furniture is US$ 1381.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86663736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Evaluation of the effects of different extraction methods for main volatile compounds from Bambusa textilis leaves 不同提取方法对竹叶中主要挥发性物质的提取效果评价

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1163/156915905774309973

M. S. Galhiane, S. R. Rissato, M. A. Pereira, M. V. Almeida, L. C. Silva

引用次数: 0

Bamboo (Bambusa bambos) resource development in home gardens in Kerala State in India: need for scientific clump management and harvesting techniques 印度喀拉拉邦家庭花园竹资源开发:需要科学的丛管理和采伐技术

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1163/156915905774309955

C. Krishnankutty

引用次数: 8

Effect of light intensity and rooting hormone on propagation of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad ex Wendl. by branch cutting 光照强度和生根激素对竹笋繁殖的影响。通过分支切割

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1163/156915905774310025

M. A. Hossain, M. S. Islam, M. Hossain

{"title":"Effect of light intensity and rooting hormone on propagation of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad ex Wendl. by branch cutting","authors":"M. A. Hossain, M. S. Islam, M. Hossain","doi":"10.1163/156915905774310025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156915905774310025","url":null,"abstract":"Untreated and treated (with 0.2% solution of rooting hormone IBA) branch cuttings of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad ex Wendl. were allowed to root under four different light regimes, viz ., open sun, tree shade, partial shade and deep shade. Rooted cuttings were then grown under the open sun for 6 months to assess the performance of stecklings. Rooting ability of cuttings and growth performance of stecklings were found affected significantly both by light intensity and IBA treatment. Highest rooting percentage (84%) was in IBA treated cuttings rooted in the tree shade followed by untreated cuttings under the same light regime (73.3%) and the lowest (60%) was under the deep shade. The number of roots per cutting was also the highest (7.9) in the treated cuttings rooted under tree shade and the lowest (4.1) for untreated cuttings grown under the open sun. However, the longest root was in cuttings rooted under tree shade (17.1 cm) without IBA and the shortest (9 cm) was in deep shade regime. The highest survival percentage was 95.2% in treated cuttings rooted in the open sun and the lowest was in case of deep shade without IBA treatment, while maximum number of shoots were developed in treated cuttings rooted under tree shade. Shoot length was the highest in treated cuttings rooted under partial shade.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75752054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Cell-wall degradation and nutrient release pattern in decomposing leaf litter of Bambusa tulda Roxb. and Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees. in a bamboo-based agroforestry system in north-east India 竹叶凋落物分解过程中细胞壁降解及养分释放规律和密菖蒲。在印度东北部一个以竹子为基础的农林业系统中

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1163/156915905774309964

S. Deb, A. Arunachalam, K. Arunachalam

{"title":"Cell-wall degradation and nutrient release pattern in decomposing leaf litter of Bambusa tulda Roxb. and Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees. in a bamboo-based agroforestry system in north-east India","authors":"S. Deb, A. Arunachalam, K. Arunachalam","doi":"10.1163/156915905774309964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156915905774309964","url":null,"abstract":"Decomposition dynamics, nutrient mineralization and cell-wall degradation of leaf litter of Bambusa tulda and Dendrocalamus hamiltonii were studied in bamboo-based traditional agroforestry systems of Arunachal Pradesh. Initial litter chemistry showed the identical leaf characteristics of both the species, but the species cannot be considered as good residue, as both of them had a greater initial C/N ratio (>25). The decay pattern showed three distinct phases during the field incubation period (0–90 days, 90–180 days and 180–270 days). The annual decay rate (k) varied from 3.34 in D. hamiltonii to 3.52 in B. tulda. N and P release from the decomposing litter was influenced by the seasonal cycle of mineralization and immobilization processes. Net mineralization was rapid during the later stage of decomposition. N and P remaining after 90% of decomposition in the decomposing leaf litter were 8.85–9.45% and 0.47–1.40%, respectively, in B. tulda and D. hamiltonii. The concentration of lignin increased, whereas cellulose and hemicellulose decreased during decomposition. Overall, the study revealed that Bambusa sp. have a higher N content and less lignin and carbon contents in their leaf litter and in addition they decomposed more rapidly than the residues of Dendrocalamus sp. Hence, B. tulda can be considered more suitable than D. hamiltonii for nutrient enrichment in traditional agroforestry and/or in the rehabilitation of the degraded jhum land.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79201307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Soil properties influenced by some important edible bamboo species in the North Eastern Himalayan region, India 印度东北喜马拉雅地区一些重要食竹物种对土壤性质的影响

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1163/156915905774309991

M. S. Venkatesh, B. Bhatt, Kailash Kumar, B. Majumdar, Kundan Singh

{"title":"Soil properties influenced by some important edible bamboo species in the North Eastern Himalayan region, India","authors":"M. S. Venkatesh, B. Bhatt, Kailash Kumar, B. Majumdar, Kundan Singh","doi":"10.1163/156915905774309991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156915905774309991","url":null,"abstract":"Soil profile samples collected from 11 different locations of edible bamboo growing areas in the Meghalaya and Manipur states of the North Eastern Himalayan (NEH) region of India were analysed to study the effect of different bamboo species on soil properties. The clump density was noticed highest in Teinostachyum wightii, followed by Melocanna baccifera. The highest number of culms per clump has also been recorded in M. baccifera. The highest average culm height and diameter, however, was recorded in Bambusa balcooa. All the bamboo species showed varying effects on soil properties. The highest increase in soil pH was observed in Dendrocalamus giganteus, followed by D. hookerii. Organic carbon increased in soils under all the species of bamboo. The highest increase of available N content was recorded in B. multiplex (126.5 kg/ha), followed by D. giganteus (94.0 kg/ha). The maximum build-up of exchangeable Ca + Mg was found in D. giganteus and D. hookerii. There was a reduction in available P in most of the species, the maximum being in D. hamiltonii (4.4 kg P/ha), followed by B. multiplex (3.9 kg/ha). The highest increase of available K was observed in D. hookerii (207.2 kg/ha), followed by B. multiplex. On average, D. giganteus, D. hookerii and B. nutans were found to be the better species for restoring soil fertility status in humid tropics of the NEH region, India.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83183675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Effect of heat treatment using palm oil on properties and durability of Semantan bamboo 棕榈油热处理对竹材性能和耐久性的影响

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1163/156915905774310034

R. Wahab, A. Mohamad, H. W. Samsi, O. Sulaiman

{"title":"Effect of heat treatment using palm oil on properties and durability of Semantan bamboo","authors":"R. Wahab, A. Mohamad, H. W. Samsi, O. Sulaiman","doi":"10.1163/156915905774310034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156915905774310034","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the effect of heat treatment on Semantan bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii) with emphasis given to their properties and durability. Matured four-year-old bamboo culms were harvested and subjected to high temperature condition using palm oil as a heating media. Two groups of samples, green and air-dried, were used. The temperatures applied were 140Â°C, 180Â°C and 220Â°C, with exposure duration of 30, 60 and 90 min, respectively. The results of the investigations show that the heat-treated bamboos retained most of their original physical and strength properties after undergoing the heat treatment. Green or air-dried bamboo culms can be dried to an MC of 6-7% within 2-3 h of treatment. The basic densities of bamboo were found to improve slightly by the heat application. The overall strengths properties of the heat-treated bamboo were found to decrease. The modulus of elasticity in the bending strengths was reduced between 2 and 33% in the green- and 6-9% in the air-dried conditions. For the modulus of rupture in the bending strengths, the value was reduced between 1 and 23% in green- and 4-16% in air-dried conditions. The compression strengths were reduced in the range between 2 and 3% in green- and 2-35% in air-dried conditions. The shear strengths were reduced in the range between 16 and 24% and 12-24% in in green- and air-dried conditions, respectively.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82802577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Rattan species richness and population genetic structure of Calamus flagellum in North-Eastern Himalaya, India 印度喜马拉雅东北部藤类物种丰富度及鞭毛菖蒲种群遗传结构

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1163/156915905774310016

N. Lyngdoh, S. Santosh, B. Ramesha, M. N. Rao, G. Ravikanth, B. Narayani, K. Ganeshaiah, R. U. Ganeshaiah

{"title":"Rattan species richness and population genetic structure of Calamus flagellum in North-Eastern Himalaya, India","authors":"N. Lyngdoh, S. Santosh, B. Ramesha, M. N. Rao, G. Ravikanth, B. Narayani, K. Ganeshaiah, R. U. Ganeshaiah","doi":"10.1163/156915905774310016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156915905774310016","url":null,"abstract":"Rattans, the climbing palms, are one of the most important non-wood forest produce supporting the livelihood of many forest dwelling communities in India. However, extensive harvest, loss of habitat and poor regeneration has resulted in dwindling of rattan populations necessitating an urgent need to conserve the existing rattan genetic resources. In this study, using GIS tools, an attempt has been made to develop species richness maps of rattans in the North-Eastern Himalaya, a mega-diversity region in India. At least four sites of extremely high species richness were identified that could be prioritized for in situ conservation. Further, using molecular tools, genetic variability was assessed in six populations of an economically important rattan, Calamus flagellum. The population that was least disturbed or harvested maintained comparatively higher levels of genetic diversity than those that were disturbed. The study, perhaps the first in the region, emphasizes the need for developing strategies for the long-term conservation of rattans in the North-Eastern Himalaya.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83595368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Diseases of rattan in nurseries, plantations and natural stands in Kerala, India 印度喀拉拉邦苗圃、人工林和天然林分藤病的研究

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1163/1569159054699362

C. Mohanan

{"title":"Diseases of rattan in nurseries, plantations and natural stands in Kerala, India","authors":"C. Mohanan","doi":"10.1163/1569159054699362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1569159054699362","url":null,"abstract":"A disease survey in rattan nurseries, plantations and natural stands in Kerala State, India, revealed that Calamus dransfieldii, C. gamblei, C. hookerianus, C. pseudotenuis, C. rotang, C. thwaitesii, C. travancoricus and C. vattayila are susceptible to various fungal pathogens in different growth phases. In nurseries, seedlings are affected with diseases caused by Bipolaris ellisii, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Corynespora cassiicola, Fusarium longipes, Guignardia calami, Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani. Of these, seedling blight caused by Guignardia calami and seedling collar rot caused by Fusarium longipes are the most important diseases. In plantations and natural stands, rattans are affected by various foliage pathogens, such as Bipolaris ellisii, Colletotrichum crassipes, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Glomerella cingulata, Pestalotiopsis theae, Phomopsis palmicola, Phyllachora calamigena and Sphaerodothis. Among these, Colletotrichum infection on unopened spear (frond) and Sphaerodothis foliage blight caused severe damage to young as well as mature plants. Stem rot and staining, caused by Pellicularia filamentosa and Botryodiplodia theobromae, respectively, are the other important diseases. Nursery diseases can be effectively controlled by application of fungicides, viz., carboxin, mancozeb, carbendazim by seed dressing, soil drenching or by foliar spraying.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91026410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Hydration characteristics of cement-bonded composites made from rattan cane and coconut husk 藤椰壳水泥基复合材料水化特性研究

Journal of Bamboo and Rattan Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1163/1569159054699380

A. Olorunnisola, A. Pitman, H. Mansfield-William

{"title":"Hydration characteristics of cement-bonded composites made from rattan cane and coconut husk","authors":"A. Olorunnisola, A. Pitman, H. Mansfield-William","doi":"10.1163/1569159054699380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1569159054699380","url":null,"abstract":"This work examines the effect of CaCl 2 on the hydration of rattan ( Laccosperma secundiflorum ) and coconut ( Cocos nucifera ) husk particles mixed with Portland cement. Hydration tests were conducted in sealed thermally insulated containers using an aggregate/cement/water ratio of 15 g : 200 g : 90.5 ml. CaCl 2 was added at four concentrations (by weight of cement): 0 (control) 1, 2 and 3% for the rattan and coconut husk particles, and at 0 (control) and 3% for a 50:50 mixture (by weight) of rattan and coconut husk. Hydration temperature was monitored on-line over a period of 23 h. The compatibility of both aggregates and their 50:50 mixture with Portland cement was assessed using the parameters of time to maximum hydration temperature, maximum hydration temperature, inhibitory index, and rate of heat generation. Findings showed that without CaCl 2 both aggregates exhibited relatively low level of compatibility with Portland cement, with the rattan particles exhibiting relatively higher degree of inhibition. The addition resulted in reduced setting time (about 60%), increased hydration temperature (50–80%), lower inhibitory index and higher rate of heat generation in all the aggregate/cement mixtures. Recommendations for further research include the identification of the cement-inhibitory chemicals present in coconut husk and rattan and investigations on the mechanism of CaCl 2 interaction with rattan/cement and coconut husk/cement systems.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90380556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15