Muhammad Saad Shaukat, Luke Merrill, Matt Pohlmann, Orvar Jonsson
{"title":"Images in Medicine: Interventricular Mechanical Dyssynchrony Due to Leadless RV Septal Pacing Culminating in Cardiogenic Shock.","authors":"Muhammad Saad Shaukat, Luke Merrill, Matt Pohlmann, Orvar Jonsson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 4","pages":"182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma Manifesting as an Acute Abdomen in a Young Adult Male: a Case Report.","authors":"Mamoon Ahmed, Swaminathan Perinkulam Sathyanarayanan, Kayla Hoerschgen, Randall Lamfers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ewing sarcoma is a tumor primarily affecting children and young adults, and usually affects long bones. Extraosseous Ewing sarcoma (EES) is a rare primary tumor of soft tissues. We present a case of abdominal EES with metastasis to thoracic cavity, which presented as abdominal pain and vomiting in a 21-year-old previously healthy gentleman.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 4","pages":"158-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrii Maryniak, Patrick Biskupski, Filip Oleszak, Adam Stys
{"title":"Pericardial Effusion as a Complication of Severe Primary Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Andrii Maryniak, Patrick Biskupski, Filip Oleszak, Adam Stys","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large pericardial effusions with associated cardiac tamponade are a rare manifestation of hypothyroidism. We present the case of a 63-year-old female with chronic heart failure and newly diagnosed hypothyroidism, who presented to her primary care physician complaining of progressively worsening dyspnea. Chest radiography showed cardiomegaly and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a large pericardial effusion with tamponade physiology. An emergent pericardial window was performed, resulting in an improvement in left ventricular systolic function. Pericardial tissue biopsy was normal. Thyroid function tests were consistent with severe primary hypothyroidism. After inpatient treatment with intravenous levothyroxine and interval resolution of symptoms without recurrence of effusion, the patient was discharged home on oral levothyroxine therapy. Close follow up with surveillance echocardiography was planned. While metabolic disorders are seldom thought of as an etiology, it is imperative for clinicians to recognize hypothyroidism as a cause of the pericardial effusion. It is one of the few reversible causes and delay in treatment can result in fatal sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 4","pages":"166-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Rath, Kennedy Forest, Allison Hemmer, Matthew Simmons
{"title":"Overgrowth Disorders: A Case of Sotos Syndrome and Overview of Related Disorders.","authors":"Joseph Rath, Kennedy Forest, Allison Hemmer, Matthew Simmons","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sotos syndrome is an uncommon congenital overgrowth syndrome characterized by excessive growth in childhood, learning disabilities, and distinct facial features. We present the case of a young male who appeared to have the classic presentation of Sotos syndrome despite a normal genetic workup. Additionally, we present a brief review of overgrowth syndromes in order to highlight potential challenges differentiating these syndromes in clinical practice. Many overgrowth disorders often have similar presentation to Sotos syndrome, so it is important to recognize and identify specific clinical features and perform genetic testing to rule out other disorders, confirm a diagnosis, and choose the appropriate management for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 3","pages":"129-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Auditory and Visual Hallucinations in a Congenitally Deaf Patient with Schizophrenia: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.","authors":"Cole Edwards, Jay Weatherill","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report discusses the case of a 54-year-old woman with a complex psychiatric history including schizophrenia, tardive dyskinesia, borderline intellectual function, and congenital deafness that reported auditory and visual hallucinations during an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. After resuming a previous lithium regimen and introducing olanzapine, the patient improved and was discharged without hallucinations. In our report we explore some of the challenges we faced, discuss similar cases, and examine the unresolved debate about whether congenitally deaf patients can experience auditory hallucinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 3","pages":"102-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kahlen R Morris, Allison M Hemmer, Meaghan E Sievers, Mitchell B VanKalsbeek, Peter J Reynen
{"title":"MIS-C vs Incomplete Kawasaki's Disease in a 12-year-old Female: A Case Study.","authors":"Kahlen R Morris, Allison M Hemmer, Meaghan E Sievers, Mitchell B VanKalsbeek, Peter J Reynen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but severe post-infectious complication of SARSCoV- 2 that seems to occur most frequently two to six weeks after infection. MIS-C can present very similarly to Kawasaki's disease (KD) with symptoms such as a skin rash in addition to a prolonged fever. Here we present a case of a 12-year-old African American/Black female with incomplete KD presenting similarly to MIS-C. The patient presented with prolonged fever, eventually worsening to shock and cardiac dysfunction. We further review the similarities and differences between incomplete KD and MIS-C. Due to their similarities, it is important to keep these diagnoses on the differential when a child presents with a prolonged fever.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 3","pages":"120-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Congenital CMV in the Neonate: A Primer.","authors":"Tiffany Bender, Jamuna Buchanan, Pradeeksha Mukuntharaj, Suzanne Reuter","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytomegalovirus, one of the most common congenital viruses in neonates, is represented within the TORCH acronym, which signifies its ability to be transmitted vertically to the fetus during maternal infection. Despite advances in prenatal diagnostics, CMV is still the leading cause of congenital infection in neonates, with a 0.64% prevalence. Additionally, the virus causes the majority of non-genetic hearing deficits, abnormal neurologic development, and other permanent disabilities seen in neonates. This primer describes the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital infection to benefit providers who work with women during the perinatal period as well as neonates and pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 3","pages":"134-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Brief Provider Education is Associated with Decreased ED Visits by Super-utilizers.","authors":"Kjerstin Hensley, Benjamin Aaker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Millions of adult visits to emergency departments (EDs) each year are opioid-related, and those who visit with chronic pain are more likely to be super-utilizers (SUs) of the ED. Although SUs comprise 5% of the general population, they account for 50% of health care expenditure.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Determine whether brief provider opioid education results in decreased number of SUs and total ED visits by SUs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The American Academy of Emergency Medicine's ED Opioid Prescribing Guidelines were presented to five EDs (estimated total 70,000 ED annual patient volume). ICD-10 codes from visits one year before and after the education were evaluated for painful diagnoses and identified patients who fit the definition of SU. Statistical analysis was performed on the data using McNemar's test and Z-scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant decrease (p=0.0006) in patients who visited the ED more than once after the education compared to prior to the education (n=304) was found. A statistically significant decrease (p=0.0017) in total number of visits after the education (n=268) by SU patients was found. No statistically significant change in visits made by non-SU patients (p=1.9983), nor average number of visits made by SUs (p=0.2320) was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Providing opioid education to ED providers was associated with a significant reduction in number of SUs visiting the ED and number of visits made by SUs. Based on average costs of ED visits by SUs, this decrease in visits can be correlated to an estimated savings of over $1 million across five EDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 3","pages":"108-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pillar 2: A Steep Hike With a Worthy Payoff.","authors":"Alan Sazama","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 3","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"South Dakota Dermatology: Urban vs Rural Wait Times and Dermatologist Density.","authors":"Colby Felts, Lauren Ochoa, Marcus Frohm","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As of 2019, South Dakota had only 32 registered dermatologists, one per 27,569 people. Wait times for dermatologic care are affected by factors such as socioeconomic status, provider distribution, and patient to provider ratios. This inaccessibility to care or prolonged wait times may lead to diagnosis and treatment delays as well as disease progression. We hypothesized wait times to see a dermatologist would be longer in rural areas than urban areas in South Dakota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dermatology clinics throughout South Dakota were contacted to obtain wait times. An internet search was conducted to develop a list of dermatology providers. A population of 50,000 or greater defined an urban area and a ratio of four dermatologists per 100,000 people was used as an ideal patient to provider ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 75% of South Dakota's dermatology clinics participated with an equal rural to urban distribution. There was no difference in wait times for new (p=0.787) or established patients (p=0.461) comparing rural and urban clinics. All South Dakota cities with clinics met the goal patient to dermatologist ratio except for Dakota Dunes (included as part of the Sioux City, Iowa, metro population).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data does not support the hypothesis that wait times for dermatologists would be longer in rural locations than urban locations. Despite adequate dermatologist to patient ratios throughout most of South Dakota, wait times of over six weeks were found at both urban and rural locations, indicating the need for future studies to assess potential solutions for improving timely access to dermatologic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"77 3","pages":"113-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}