South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Abstract: \"The Lightning Bolt Flap:\" A Novel C-V Flap Modification for Nipple Reconstruction.","authors":"Olivia Heinecke, Whitney Twitero, Heather Karu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nipple reconstruction following total mastectomy with breast reconstruction is often a crucial final step in restoring natural breast aesthetics and improving patient self-image. Among available techniques, the C-V flap is widely utilized due to its technical simplicity, reliability, and high patient satisfaction rates. However, lasting nipple projection is limited by its reliance on subcutaneous fat to fill dead space beneath the elevated flaps. To address this limitation, implants - such as synthetic or biologic cylindrical grafts - have demonstrated long-term maintenance of cosmetic outcomes. Despite improved nipple projection, inserts are associated with a higher risk of complications, including graft extrusion or exposure, necrosis, and wound dehiscence. Furthermore, some patients may desire optimal cosmesis while declining implants for financial considerations or personal preference. In this technical report, we describe a novel modification of the C-V flap that uses de-epithelialized, vascularized dermal V flaps to provide internal structural support and maintain nipple projection following implant-based breast reconstruction after total mastectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 suppl 5","pages":"s34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract: Understanding the Financial Education Needs of Midwest Medical Students - A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.","authors":"Linze M Christensen, Jewel Goodman-Shepherd","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Medical students nationwide suffer from increasing costs associated with tuition, supplemental learning resources, and costs of living. National reports show an average graduating debt burden of $234,597, excluding undergraduate loans. Fiscal year 2026 interest rates will increase debts of $125,000 or more by at least five figures annually. Legislation and accreditation measures offer little guidance for schools to develop financial wellness curriculum. Interpretive ambiguity exists between the lines, and students absorb the impact from the execution of these guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>USD IRB exemption was obtained. Surveys were developed with input from an interdisciplinary team of advisors from Sanford School of Medicine and Beacom School of Business. Likert scale responses and qualitative feedback were analyzed to assess student attitudes stratified by Pillars.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initial data yielded an 18% response rate with respondents representing all years of training, with a majority from the clinical phase. Early analysis revealed that while students expressed general interest in financial literacy, most reported low confidence in managing student loans, budgeting, and long-term financial planning. A recurring theme in open-ended responses was a strong preference for more individualized financial education, with several students comparing their ideal experience to the academic advising model. Many noted that current offerings felt too generic or disconnected from their specific financial situations and career plans. These preliminary findings suggest a need for tailored, relationship-based approaches to financial education within medical curricula. Data will be collected again in May 2026.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preliminary findings highlight a clear demand among medical students for more personalized, longitudinal approaches to financial education that mirror the structure of academic advising. While overall financial literacy and confidence remain limited, students value individualized guidance over generalized sessions. These results underscore the importance of integrating tailored, mentorship-based financial programming into medical education to better support learners' financial well-being and preparedness for residency and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 suppl 5","pages":"s25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract: Conducting a Cadaveric Suturing Laboratory to Increase Clinical Readiness in Medical Students - An Education Research Project.","authors":"Matthew Schmitz, Gary Timmerman, William Spanos, Amy Prunuske, Taylor Soderling","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Suturing is a fundamental surgical skill, yet many medical students learn independently on synthetic models with limited guidance. This presentation evaluates the impact of a cadaveric suturing curriculum on the clinical readiness of preclinical medical students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy preclinical medical students at the USD Sanford School of Medicine participated in a mandatory suturing curriculum integrated into the preclinical phase of training. The curriculum consisted of a 90-minute laboratory, where students received instruction and performed suturing on individual cadaveric specimens. The laboratory focused on teaching five suturing techniques with their appropriate ties: simple interrupted, simple running and locking, vertical mattress, horizontal mattress, and subcuticular sutures. After two semesters of clinical experiences, students were surveyed on their clinical readiness, anatomic suturing locations in the clinic, and specialty where suturing occurred.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-one students (59%) completed the optional survey one-year postlaboratory. A 5-point Likert scale assessed student confidence in the order of \"not at all,\" \"slightly,\" \"moderately,\" \"significantly,\" and \"extremely\" confident. Twenty-six respondents (63%) felt moderately to extremely confident if faced with the opportunity to suture on a live patient. Among students who performed clinical suturing (n=11), 100% reported the laboratory provided moderate to extreme preparation for the procedure. Additional survey data revealed that the abdomen and upper extremities are the most common locations to suture during clinical experiences. General surgery was the most common specialty that provided suturing experiences, followed by plastic surgery, orthopedic surgery, and otolaryngology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consistent with existing literature, these findings demonstrate that suturing on cadaveric models enhances clinical readiness. Novel contributions include assessment of a suturing curriculum formally integrated into the preclinical phase of medical school and categorization of clinical suturing experiences by anatomy and specialty. These results provide a framework for suturing curriculum development.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 suppl 5","pages":"s20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AMA and SDSMA Membership After Graduation.","authors":"Sydney Payne, Keith Hansen, Susan Puumala","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>At the University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, medical students are provided with memberships to the South Dakota State Medical Association (SDSMA) and American Medical Association (AMA). In this study, the primary goal is to determine if student membership increases membership in the SDSMA and AMA after graduation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An 18-question survey was emailed by the South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners (SDBMOE) to every South Dakota licensed physician. The survey included questions about membership in AMA, SDMA, and other medical organizations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 438 individuals consented and participated. Overall, 296 (67.6%) indicated membership in a medical association in medical school; 101 only AMA, 38 only SDSMA, 133 both, and 24 only other. For the 234 with a student AMA membership, 71 (30.3%) continued. Of the 171 with a student SDSMA membership, 88 (51.5%) continued. Comparing those with and without a student AMA membership, 21.0% without joined after graduation and 30.3% with continued (p = 0.07). For SDSMA memberships, 28.5% without joined after graduation, while 51.5% of those with continued (p = <0.01). Common reasons for maintaining included professional advocacy (n = 44) and educational opportunities (n = 32), for AMA and professional advocacy (n = 58) and networking (n = 45), for SDSMA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Those who were members of SDSMA as students were more likely to maintain their membership. This difference was less pronounced for AMA. Networking was a common reason for maintaining SDSMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 5","pages":"213-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract: Impact of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection on Inpatient Outcomes and Complications Among Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis (2020-2022).","authors":"Hareem Tahir, Rafia Irfan Waheed, Muhammad Zahid Anwer, Fizzah Kazim, Mamoon Ahmed","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Although chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has historically been a major driver of HCC, the proportion of HCC related to metabolic, alcohol-associated, and other nonviral liver diseases has been increasing. In the era of direct-acting antivirals, the clinical profile and outcomes of HCV-related HCC may differ from those of HCC from other causes. We evaluated differences in inpatient outcomes and complications among hospitalized patients with HCC with versus without chronic HCV infection in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2020-2022, a weighted national database of U.S. hospitalizations. Adults aged ≥18 years with HCC, with or without chronic HCV infection, were identified using ICD-10 codes. Outcomes included in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), total hospital charges, and complications including hepatic failure, hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), sepsis, variceal bleeding, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Multivariable logistic and linear regression models adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, insurance, income quartile, and hospital characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 148,475 HCC hospitalizations, 16% had chronic HCV infection. Compared with non-HCV HCC hospitalizations, HCV-related cases were younger, more often male, had a higher proportion of Black patients and fewer White patients, and were more likely to have Medicaid coverage and lower income status (all p<0.05). In adjusted analyses, chronic HCV was not associated with higher in-hospital mortality (OR 0.94; p=0.33) or longer LOS, but was associated with lower total hospital charges (-$9,900; p<0.05). HCV-positive patients had lower odds of sepsis (OR 0.86), but higher odds of hepatic failure (OR 1.14) and variceal bleeding (OR 1.27), with no significant differences in HRS or SBP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chronic HCV accounted for a minority of recent HCC hospitalizations and was not associated with worse short-term inpatient outcomes. Differences in complications likely reflect underlying liver disease burden rather than HCV status alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 suppl 5","pages":"s35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract: Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Inpatient Outcomes Among Older Adults Hospitalized With Prostate Cancer: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample (2020-2022).","authors":"Hareem Tahir, Muhammad Zahid Anwar, Rafia I Waheed, Maheera Farooqi, Michael Roberts, Dawlat Khan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among men in the U.S. Despite therapeutic advances, outcome disparities driven by racial and socioeconomic factors persist. This study uses the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to evaluate inpatient outcomes by race and socioeconomic status among older adults hospitalized with prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis using the NIS (2020-2022), identifying men aged ≥65 years with a prostate cancer using ICD-10 codes. Primary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition, and total hospital charges (THC). Race was categorized as White (reference), Black, Hispanic, and Other. Multivariate regression analyses adjusted for demographic, clinical, and hospital-level factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An estimated 437,810 hospitalizations were identified. White patients comprised 69.2%, followed by Black (16.3%), Hispanic (7.2%), and Other (7.4%). Most had a high comorbidity burden (Charlson index ≥3 in 85.1%). Black patients were younger, with a higher proportion aged 65-74 years (71.0% vs. 59.2%) and were more often from the lowest income quartile (46.3% vs. 28.1%) compared with White. Medicare was the predominant payer (87.9%), and 75.1% of admissions occurred at urban teaching hospitals. Nearly half were discharged home (44.6%), 50.1% to facilities or home health, and 5.3% died in-hospital. After adjustment, Black (OR 1.24), Hispanic (OR 1.19), and Other (OR 1.17) patients had higher odds of inpatient mortality. LOS was longer for Black (+1.17 days) and Other (+0.47 days). Black patients had higher odds of non-home discharge (OR 1.31), and THC were higher for Black (+$3,394), Hispanic (+$15,985), and Other (+$10,934) patients compared with White (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Racial and socioeconomic disparities persist in prostate cancer hospitalizations. Disparities were seen as they related to number of hospitalizations, inpatient mortality, income, LOS, odds of non-home discharge, and THC. Thoroughly addressing these disparities will promote better outcomes for all patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 suppl 5","pages":"s27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract: Does Neuromodulation of the Insular Cortex Influence Pain?","authors":"Tana Lick, Jamie Scholl, Lee Baugh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic pain affects nearly one quarter of U.S. adults and remains difficult to treat with existing pharmacologic therapies. High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) has emerged as a potential non-invasive neuromodulation approach. The insular cortex plays a central role in pain perception and represents a promising stimulation target. Capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia provides a validated experimental pain model for studying analgesic interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether HD-tDCS targeting the insular cortex modulates thermal sensitivity and subjective pain perception in a capsaicin-induced pain model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen healthy participants underwent both active and sham HD-tDCS conditions. Capsaicin was applied to induce localized thermal hyperalgesia. Thermal sensory testing was performed before and after stimulation, including heat pain threshold (HPT), thermal sensory limen (TSL), and numeric rating scale (NRS) pain ratings. Repeated-measures ANOVA evaluated the effects of time and stimulation condition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Capsaicin application increased thermal sensitivity and pain ratings across participants. However, no significant stimulation × time interaction was observed for HPT, TSL, or NRS scores, indicating no detectable difference between active and sham HD-tDCS conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this pilot study, insular HD-tDCS did not significantly alter thermal sensitivity or pain perception in a capsaicin-induced pain model. These findings may reflect limited statistical power given the small sample size. Larger studies are needed to determine whether targeted neuromodulation of the insula can modulate acute pain processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 suppl 5","pages":"s37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract: Dual Endemic Infection in Pregnancy: Coccidioidal Meningitis with Strongyloidiasis - A Case Report.","authors":"Parker Piorkowski, Caitlin Hof","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coccidioidomycosis and strongyloidiasis are endemic to the Southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central and South America. Pregnancy-related immunosuppression increases the risk of dissemination of coccidioidomycosis, including meningitis, and can uncover asymptomatic infections such as strongyloidiasis. Coinfection during pregnancy is rarely reported and presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 33-year-old pregnant patient at 26 weeks' gestation presented with headache and fever and was started on broad-spectrum antibiotics for fever of unknown origin. Brain MRI raised concern for stroke versus infection, prompting lumbar puncture. Cerebrospinal fluid showed an elevated opening pressure and protein, leukocytosis, and low glucose. A meningitis panel was negative, but antimicrobial therapy was continued and a stroke workup was completed. Head and neck imaging uncovered a superior lower lobe cavitary pulmonary lesion. The differential diagnosis included central nervous system tuberculosis or endemic fungal infection. QuantiFERON-TB Gold testing was negative; however, empiric therapy for CNS tuberculosis and amphotericin B were initiated. Later, bronchoscopy was used to rule out Mycobacterium tuberculosis. During admission, the patient developed progressive hydrocephalus. An external ventricular drain was placed, followed by transition to a ventriculopleural shunt. Plasma microbial cell-free DNA testing (Karius) returned positive for Coccidioides posadasii, later confirmed on CSF fungal culture. Strongyloides antibody testing was also positive. Due to high-dose steroid exposure in the setting of increased intracranial pressure and concern for Strongyloides hyperinfection, ivermectin was initiated. Antifungal therapy was transitioned to lifelong fluconazole for suppression and prophylaxis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In pregnancy, treatment modalities must be weighed against the risks to the developing fetus, including the selection of antimicrobials and neurosurgical interventions. Early multidisciplinary evaluation of severe infection is critical to promote positive outcomes for both the mother and the fetus. This patient continued to recover and went on to deliver a healthy baby at 30 weeks' gestation.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 suppl 5","pages":"s42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract: Perioperative Anesthetic Outcomes and Holding Practices in Patients Using GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Sara Marroquin, Mariah Block, Grace Geffre, Lucas Goetz, Cole Knoblich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are increasingly prescribed for diabetes and obesity and associated with delayed gastric emptying, raising concern for perioperative aspiration and anesthetic complications. However, observational studies have not consistently demonstrated increased anesthetic risk. In 2023, the American Society of Anesthesiologists recommended perioperative discontinuation of GLP-1 agonists despite limited supporting evidence. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to describe perioperative anesthetic outcomes among patients with and without GLP-1 agonist exposure to assess complication rates by perioperative holding status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective cohort study using electronic medical records from the Sanford Health system. Adult patients undergoing procedures requiring general anesthesia with an active outpatient GLP-1 agonist prescription at the time of surgery were included. All other surgical patients served as controls. Records were identified using SlicerDicer and manually reviewed for demographics, comorbidities, procedure type, ASA classification, GLP-1 agonist discontinuation status, and perioperative anesthetic outcomes. Primary outcomes included aspiration, aspiration pneumonia, difficult intubation, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), anesthesia-related complications, and 30-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 234 patients were included (mean age 56.4 ± 13.0 years); 61.5% were female and 73.0% were ASA class 3. GPL-1 agonists were used by 80.5% of patients and 90.2% had diabetes. Perioperative anesthetic complications were minimal. No cases of aspiration, aspiration pneumonia, or anesthesia-related complications occurred. Anticipated difficult airway was noted in 4.3%, PONV in 0.9%, and 30-day mortality in 0.8%. GLP-1 agonists were held preoperatively 57.7% (mean 5.1 ± 4.3 days), with similarly low complication rates regardless of holding status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Major perioperative anesthetic complications were uncommon, regardless of GLP-1 use or perioperative holding. These findings suggest no observable increase in anesthetic risk associated with GLP-1 agonists, though conclusions are limited by low event rates. Larger prospective studies are needed to guide evidence-based perioperative management.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 suppl 5","pages":"s23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery & Timeline of 65 Roses.","authors":"Velvet Jessen, H Bruce Vogt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"79 5","pages":"198-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}