Journal of Military Ethics最新文献_第3页

Autonomous AI Systems in Conflict: Emergent Behavior and Its Impact on Predictability and Reliability 冲突中的自主AI系统:紧急行为及其对可预测性和可靠性的影响

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2023.2213985

Daniel Trusilo

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引用次数: 0

Military Space Ethics, edited by Nikki Coleman 军事空间伦理，尼基·科尔曼编辑

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2023.2204618

Darren Cronshaw

引用次数: 0

Meaningful Human Control 有意义的人的控制

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2023.2235123

Henrik Syse

引用次数: 7

Autonomous Systems and Moral De-Skilling: Beyond Good and Evil in the Emergent Battlespaces of the Twenty-First Century 自主系统和道德去技能化:在21世纪的新兴战斗空间中超越善恶

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2023.2232623

M. Guha, Jai C. Galliott

{"title":"Autonomous Systems and Moral De-Skilling: Beyond Good and Evil in the Emergent Battlespaces of the Twenty-First Century","authors":"M. Guha, Jai C. Galliott","doi":"10.1080/15027570.2023.2232623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15027570.2023.2232623","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article investigates the question concerning moral deskilling in the context of autonomous weapon systems. To this end, it interrogates the appropriateness of deskilling as an analytical tool, the consequences of the conflation of the terms “the warrior” and “the soldier,” and the impact of the dominant, but commonplace, understanding of autonomous weapons that underwrites the concerns that have been expressed thus far. While affirming the critical importance of the question regarding moral deskilling in the context of advanced weapons and technologies, this article argues (a) that the notion of deskilling may not be an adequate or even appropriate analytical tool to investigate the matter on hand; (b) that the conflation of the terms “the warrior” and “the soldier” only serves to obfuscate the critical issues at stake; and (c) that the understanding of autonomous weapons that underwrites the concern is highly speculative. To this extent, the concern regarding moral deskilling in the context of autonomous weapon systems is ill-served. By way of a conclusion, the article calls for a more careful and nuanced approach and makes some preliminary suggestions as to how the question regarding moral deskilling in the context of autonomous weapon systems may be addressed.","PeriodicalId":39180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military Ethics","volume":"22 1","pages":"51 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47487571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autonomous Weapon Systems: A Clarification 自主武器系统:澄清

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2023.2214402

N. Wood

{"title":"Autonomous Weapon Systems: A Clarification","authors":"N. Wood","doi":"10.1080/15027570.2023.2214402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15027570.2023.2214402","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Due to advances in military technology, there has been an outpouring of research on what are known as autonomous weapon systems (AWS). However, it is common in this literature for arguments to be made without first making clear exactly what definitions one is employing, with the detrimental effect that authors may speak past one another or even miss the targets of their arguments. In this article I examine the U.S. Department of Defense and International Committee of the Red Cross definitions of AWS, showing that these definitions are far broader than some recognize, and that they therefore classify a much larger set of weapons as AWS. I then show that these broader views of AWS have implications for what moral and legal rules we might argue should be applied to such systems. I conclude by arguing there is a greater need for precision and clarity within AWS debates, in order to ensure that researchers are discussing the same weapon systems (autonomous or otherwise) when they argue for or against particular points. The purpose of this article is not to defend any specific view of AWS, nor to further any general endorsement or objection to such systems, but rather to show the importance of argumentative clarity in this debate.","PeriodicalId":39180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military Ethics","volume":"22 1","pages":"18 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47211748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Proud Vermin: Modern Militias and the State 骄傲的维明：现代民兵与国家

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2023.2230690

C. J. Lewis, J. Kling

引用次数: 0

Psychological Defense Mechanisms of Military Service Members as a Personality Stabilization Regulatory System for Combat Mission Effectiveness 军人心理防御机制作为作战任务效能的人格稳定调节系统

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2023.2235759

K. Kravchenko, Oleg Khairulin, Serhii Danchevskyi, S. Pavlushenko, L. Chernobai

{"title":"Psychological Defense Mechanisms of Military Service Members as a Personality Stabilization Regulatory System for Combat Mission Effectiveness","authors":"K. Kravchenko, Oleg Khairulin, Serhii Danchevskyi, S. Pavlushenko, L. Chernobai","doi":"10.1080/15027570.2023.2235759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15027570.2023.2235759","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study's objective is to explore the psychological defense mechanisms of Ukrainian service members as a regulatory system for personality stabilization that influences combat mission effectiveness. The study was carried out during 2019–2020. The respondents were 270 military personnel of the ground forces, who had gained experience in the Anti-Terrorist Operation hostilities in the East of Ukraine in 2017–2020. We used psychodiagnostic methods such as the Lifestyle Index by Plutchik, Kellerman, and Conte; Lazarus’s Coping Test; and Leontiev’s Meaningful Life Orientations Test. Our work confirmed our research hypothesis that psychological defense mechanisms as part of the regulatory system of personality stabilization predetermine the effectiveness of the combat missions performed by military personnel of special branches. Military psychologists can use the results during their official training (psychological training and psycho-corrective measures) in order to acquire among the troops the required effectiveness in combat. Defense mechanisms will also contribute to the observance of military ethics, not least when faced with military immorality on the part of adversaries.","PeriodicalId":39180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military Ethics","volume":"22 1","pages":"72 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45452055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jus in bello Necessity, The Requirement of Minimal Force, and Autonomous Weapons Systems 战争的必要性、最小武力的要求和自主武器系统

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2022.2157952

Alexander Blanchard, M. Taddeo

{"title":"Jus in bello Necessity, The Requirement of Minimal Force, and Autonomous Weapons Systems","authors":"Alexander Blanchard, M. Taddeo","doi":"10.1080/15027570.2022.2157952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15027570.2022.2157952","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article we focus on the jus in bello principle of necessity for guiding the use of autonomous weapons systems (AWS). We begin our analysis with an account of the principle of necessity as entailing the requirement of minimal force found in Just War Theory, before highlighting the absence of this principle in existing work on AWS. Overlooking this principle means discounting the obligations that combatants have towards one another in times of war. We argue that the requirement of minimal force is an important requirement for considering ethical uses of force. In particular, we distinguish between lethal and non-lethal purposes of use of force and introduce the prospect of non-lethal AWS before reviewing a number of challenges which AWS pose with respect to their non-lethal use. The challenges arise where AWS generate unpredictable outcomes impinging upon the situational awareness required of combatants to ensure that their actions meet the requirement of minimal force. We conclude with a call for further research on the ethical implications of non-lethal uses of AWS as a necessary contribution for assessing the moral permissibility of AWS.","PeriodicalId":39180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military Ethics","volume":"21 1","pages":"286 - 303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46867064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The AI Commander Problem: Ethical, Political, and Psychological Dilemmas of Human-Machine Interactions in AI-enabled Warfare 人工智能指挥官问题:人工智能战争中人机交互的伦理、政治和心理困境

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2023.2175887

James Johnson

{"title":"The AI Commander Problem: Ethical, Political, and Psychological Dilemmas of Human-Machine Interactions in AI-enabled Warfare","authors":"James Johnson","doi":"10.1080/15027570.2023.2175887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15027570.2023.2175887","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Can AI solve the ethical, moral, and political dilemmas of warfare? How is artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled warfare changing the way we think about the ethical-political dilemmas and practice of war? This article explores the key elements of the ethical, moral, and political dilemmas of human-machine interactions in modern digitized warfare. It provides a counterpoint to the argument that AI “rational” efficiency can simultaneously offer a viable solution to human psychological and biological fallibility in combat while retaining “meaningful” human control over the war machine. This Panglossian assumption neglects the psychological features of human-machine interactions, the pace at which future AI-enabled conflict will be fought, and the complex and chaotic nature of modern war. The article expounds key psychological insights of human-machine interactions to elucidate how AI shapes our capacity to think about future warfare's political and ethical dilemmas. It argues that through the psychological process of human-machine integration, AI will not merely force-multiply existing advanced weaponry but will become de facto strategic actors in warfare – the “AI commander problem.”","PeriodicalId":39180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military Ethics","volume":"21 1","pages":"246 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42342586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Logical Problem of Evil and African War Ethics 邪恶的逻辑问题与非洲战争伦理

Journal of Military Ethics Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15027570.2022.2158949

L. Cordeiro‐Rodrigues, J. Chimakonam

引用次数: 0