Dementia e Neuropsychologia最新文献

{"title":"Global burden of young-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: a secondary analysis of the global burden of disease study, 2019.","authors":"Diego Fernando Rojas-Gualdrón, Manuela Sánchez Henao, Carlos Alberto Uribe Zuluaga, Alejandro Espinosa Henao, Clara Angela Gómez Henck","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2024-0134","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2024-0134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aging of the world population has led to an increase in the epidemiology and burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the global burden of young-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias by world region and income through a secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive cross-sectional ecological study. Data by sex and five-year age groups from 40 to 64 years were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study results tool. We performed a descriptive analysis of prevalence, incidence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years, years of life lost, and years lived with disability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2019, young-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias presented a prevalence of 2.67 cases and an incidence of 0.44 per 1,000 inhabitants globally. It carried a significant burden, resulting in 1.16 disability-adjusted life years per 1,000 inhabitants, primarily due to years of life lost, and to a lesser extent due to years lived with disability. East Asia & the Pacific, Latin America & the Caribbean, and North America are the most affected regions. Burden rates are consistently higher among women; no gradient was observed by country income. Smoking was the most relevant risk factor, presenting a broad difference by country income level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The global burden of young-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias may reshape healthcare requirements and the societal impact of dementias, and its understanding is relevant to inform decisions related to service offerings and research agendas.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20240134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological aspects of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.","authors":"Ícaro Araújo de Sousa, Analina de Freitas Azevedo, Arthur de Oliveira Veras, Marx Lima de Barros-Araújo, Elizeu Pereira Dos Santos, Maria Andreia da Nóbrega Marques, Maria Paula Foss, Raimundo Pereira Silva-Néto, Irapuá Ferreira Ricarte, Octávio Marques Pontes-Neto","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0117","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the increasing knowledge in the past years, only minimal attention has been directed to the neuropsychological aspects and the prevalence of cognitive impairment associated with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the frequency and expand the understanding of cognitive dysfunction in RCVS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The neuropsychological evaluation was performed using a battery consisting of specific neuropsychological instruments that were administered to patients diagnosed with RCVS. A triage was conducted to exclude other potential causes of cognitive impairment. Performance on the tests was treated as a categorical variable, and a cutoff of -1.5 Z-score was adopted to indicate impaired performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven patients diagnosed with RCVS were evaluated, all of whom had a bachelor's degree and normal score in the Mini-Mental State Examination. The average time between diagnosis and neuropsychological evaluation was 1.8 years. Among the patients, 85.6% (n=6) exhibited performance below that of the normal population in at least two of the administered tests. Specifically, 71.4% (n=5) showed alterations in tests from the Psychological Battery for Attention Assessment, with impairment observed in concentrated (n=1), divided (n=3), or alternating (n=4) attention. Furthermore, 28.6% (n=2) demonstrated impairments in the Phonological Verbal Fluency Task, another 28.6% (n=2) exhibited difficulties copying elements of the Rey Complex Figure, and 14.3% (n=1) displayed lower performance in the Five-Digit test, all indicating executive dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides evidence that cognitive impairment associated with RCVS is more prevalent than previously believed and has not received sufficient attention. Specifically, attention and executive functions are the cognitive domains most significantly impacted by RCVS.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20230117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Episodic memory improvement in illiterate adults attending late-life education irrespective of low socioeconomic status: insights from the PROAME study.","authors":"Emma Patrice Ruppert, João Victor de Faria Rocha, Aída Lourandes da Silva, Kelle Luisa Dos Santos Tomaz, Clarisse Vasconcelos Friedlaender, Joanna de Castro Magalhães Assenção, Luciana Paula Rincon, Norton Gray Ferreira Ribeiro, Dulce Constantina de Souza Santos, Ana Paula Zacarias Lima, Isabel Elaine Allen, Paulo Caramelli, Lea Tenenholz Grinberg, Francisca Izabel Pereira Maciel, Elisa de Paula França Resende","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0098","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The majority of people with dementia live in low or middle-income countries (LMICs) where resources that play a crucial role in brain health, such as quality education, are still not widely available. In Brazil, illiteracy remains a prevalent issue, especially in communities with lower socioeconomic status (SES). The PROAME study set out to explore basic education in illiterate adults as a means to improve cognitive reserve.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This manuscript aims to explore the relationship between SES and learning, as well as cognitive outcomes, in an older illiterate population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This six-month clinical trial (NCT04473235) involved 108 participants, of which 77 concluded all assessments, enrolled in late-life basic education. SES assessments included Quality of Urban Living Index, Municipal Human Development Index and Household SES calculated for each participant. Cognitive assessments encompassed the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), a word list to assess reading, and the Beta III matrix.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample consisted primarily of women, with a mean age of 58.5. Participants improved their reading (p=0.01) and their FCSRT (p=0.003). Regarding episodic memory, women outperformed men (p=0.007) and younger participants improved more than their older counterparts (p=0.001). There was no association observed between SES and cognitive outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Irrespective of SES, participants demonstrated positive outcomes after attending basic education. These findings highlight that late life education could be an important non-pharmacologic preventative measure, especially in LMICs.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20230098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141493786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha cytokine levels in patients with mild cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Alana Mara Inácio de Aquino, Kedma Anne Lima Gomes, Letícia Lorena Melo de Brito, Luciana Domingos de Lima, Eneas Ricardo de Morais Gomes, Suellen Mary Marinho Dos Santos Andrade","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0027","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is growing evidence suggesting an association between neurodegeneration and inflammation playing a role in the pathogenesis of age-associated diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to verify evidence on the diagnostic accuracy parameters of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Web of Science and Science Direct databases was performed and nine observational studies associated with peripheral inflammatory biomarkers in MCI were identified. Mean (±standard deviation - SD) concentrations of these biomarkers and values of true positives, true negatives, false positives and false negatives for MCI and healthy controls (HC) were extracted from these studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly higher levels of IL-10 were observed in subjects in the MCI group and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were lower compared to HC. For the other investigations, no differences were found between the groups. Our meta-analysis for the TNF-α biomarker revealed high heterogeneity between studies in terms of sensitivity and specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings do not support the involvement of inflammatory biomarkers for detection of MCI, although significant heterogeneity was observed. More studies are needed to evaluate the role of these cytokines in MCI, as well as in other stages of cognitive decline and all-cause dementias.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20230027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11206232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and Positron Emission Tomography with [18F]fluordeoxyglucose (FDG PET) differences in corticobasal syndrome: comparison of two cases.","authors":"Thais Winkeler Beltrão, Eduardo Barbosa de Albuquerque Maranhão, Victor Adill Gomes Correia, Pedro Mota de Albuquerque, Mariana Gonçalves Maciel Pinheiro, Rayanne Acioli Lins Santos, Luiz Eduardo Duarte Borges Nunes, Simone Cristina Soares Brandão, Breno José Alencar Pires Barbosa","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0085","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a rare cause of dementia and comprises varied combinations of subcortical signs (akinetic-rigid parkinsonism, dystonia, or myoclonus) with cortical signs (apraxia, alien hand or cortical sensory deficit), usually asymmetric. We aimed to report and compare the clinical and neuroimaging presentation of two patients diagnosed with CBS. While case 1 had severe non-fluent aphasia associated with mild apraxia and limb rigidity, case 2 had a more posterior cognitive impairment, with a different language pattern associated with marked visuospatial errors and hemineglect. FDG PET played a significant role in diagnosis, suggesting, in the first case, corticobasal degeneration and, in the second, Alzheimer's disease pattern. CBS has been widely studied with the advent of new <i>in vivo</i> methods such as brain FDG PET. Studies that deepen the phenotypic and biomarker heterogeneity of CBS will be of great importance for better classification, prognosis, and treatment of the condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20230085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11206225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pontine myelinolysis with an uncommon manifestation of hallucination: a case report.","authors":"Andreia Braga Mota Azzoni, Vitor Maia Arca, Eduardo Sousa de Melo","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0068","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report aims to present an elderly woman with persistent delirium after hospitalization for lethargy secondary to hyponatremia. The diagnosis of pontine myelinolysis was made and there were no characteristic neurological manifestations such as pupillary changes or spastic tetraparesis. Hallucinations and personality changes were the clues to the diagnosis and should be considered an atypical manifestation of pontine myelinolysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20230068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11206230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musical hallucination or musical obsession? A differential diagnosis between two cases.","authors":"Octavio Pennella Fenelon Costa, Maria Luiza Dalcim, Sumaia Inaty Smaira, Gustavo Bigaton Lovadini","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0073","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Musical hallucinations and musical obsessions are distinct phenomena. The first can be understood as a manifestation of the musical ear syndrome, which produces deafferentation auditory hallucinations, while the latter is an obsessive symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorders. Both symptoms are often poorly understood and mistaken for one another or for signs of psychotic disorders. We report two cases, one characterized by musical hallucinations and the other by musical obsessions, both with comorbid hearing impairment, which is the main confounding factor in their differential diagnosis. We critically compare the two cases and their key features, allowing diagnostic differentiation and a targeted therapeutic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20230073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11206231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expressive amusia and aphasia: the story of Maurice Ravel.","authors":"Sultan Darvesh, Meghan Kirsten Cash, Earl Martin, Eliasz Engelhardt","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0108","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The French composer, Maurice Ravel, at the peak of his career, showed signs of a progressive disorder that affected his ability to function with verbal and musical language, as noted by the neurologist Théophile Alajouanine. The worsening of the disease led to a craniotomy, performed in 1937, which failed to reveal the cause of his illness, and he died shortly thereafter. A lack of post-mortem neuropathological evidence precluded a definitive diagnosis of the illness, which remained enigmatic. Speculations about the precise diagnosis of Ravel's neurological disease have been largely based on Alajouanine's observations, which included aphasia and amusia, mostly expressive, and ideomotor apraxia, while musical judgement, taste, and memory remained relatively intact, implying different neuroanatomical substrates. A possible subform of frontotemporal lobar degeneration complex was the diagnostic suggestion of many authors. His untimely death deprived the world of this remarkable musician, and the music that remained trapped in his mind.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20230108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11206233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial factors affected by burden in family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Edivaldo Lima de Araujo, Shirley Silva Lacerda","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0115","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The world's population is experiencing an aging process, which is resulting in an increase in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Consequently, more and more people need care, which can lead to overload and harm to their family's quality of life.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Identify the psychosocial factors affected by the burden on family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-nine family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease, from a city in Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated in the study. They filled out a form of sociodemographic variables, and answered the Burden Interview Scale (BI-Zarit), Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease Caregiver version (CQoL-AD), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Mindfulness and Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants were female with an average age of 54.26 (±8.99). Daughters comprised 77.55% of the sample, and 34.69% were sole caregivers. The Bi-Zarit scale positively and significantly correlated with DASS-21 Depression (r=0.440; p=0.002), DASS-21 Anxiety (r=0.415; p=0.003), DAAS-21 Stress (r=0.583; p<0.001). On the other hand, it showed a negative correlation with MAAS (r=-0.429; p=0.002) and CQoL-AD (r=-0.533; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease may be overloaded, and that the heavier the burden, the lower level of attention, the worse quality of life and the greater the possibility for the caretaker to present symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20230115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11206228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is \"biological Alzheimer's disease\"?","authors":"","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2024-E001","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2024-E001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"18 ","pages":"e2024E001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11165693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}