Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)最新文献_第3页

The development of an artificial gill to supply oxygen to a submerged microbial fuel cell 为水下微生物燃料电池提供氧气的人工鳃的研制

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406524

M. J. Stanway

{"title":"The development of an artificial gill to supply oxygen to a submerged microbial fuel cell","authors":"M. J. Stanway","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406524","url":null,"abstract":"The development of an effective system for extracting dissolved oxygen from water would enable humans to work underwater for extended periods. This would have applications to science, industry, exploration, military, and recreation. Human sustenance would require a very sophisticated and high capacity gill system, one that has not been developed to date. The overall aim of this research was to develop an artificial gill that would operate with a realistic and useful load. The load chosen for this research was a microbial fuel cell operating underwater. Countercurrent gill plates were constructed to evaluate several different candidates for use as the oxygen transfer membrane. The oxygen gain of each membrane was measured by comparing dissolved oxygen readings before and after the gill. Celgard 2500 (Celgard, Inc. Charlotte NC), a microporous polypropylene membrane, was chosen as the most suitable candidate; it sustained an oxygen gain greater than 2 mmol/sec. This was a much higher gain than necessary to sustain the fuel cell, which is on the order of 10 nmol/sec. The original fuel cell (NCBE, University of Reading, UK) was then redesigned. The new system was more modular, allowing for a multitude of different experimental configurations. Two of the configurations included an integrated gill, with no moving parts and therefore no power consumption. The cathode of the fuel cell was modified to respond more quickly to changes in oxygen supply. Experiments were conducted measuring the power output of the modified fuel cell and the oxygen uptake of the gill. The MFC ran for multiple days for each test cycle, and data was recorded on a Tattletale Model 8 microcontroller (Onset, Pocasset, MA). It was demonstrated that providing the cathode of the cell with oxygen enabled the cell to sustain much higher voltages than without a continuous oxygen supply. Typical experiments yielded a few microwatts of power between 100 and 200 mV","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129243878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The configuration analysis of fiber optic interferometer of hydrophones 水听器光纤干涉仪的结构分析

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405466

W.W. Lin, C. Chang, C.W. Wu, M.C. Chen

引用次数: 9

Effect of drinking water without salt made from deep sea water in lipid metabolism of rats 深海无盐饮水对大鼠脂质代谢的影响

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402935

M. Kimura, H. Tai, K. Nakagawa, Y. Yokoyama, Y. Ikegami, T. Takeda

引用次数: 7

Accuracies of marine meteorological observations made on merchant ships 商船上海洋气象观测的准确性

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405782

N. Iwasaka

{"title":"Accuracies of marine meteorological observations made on merchant ships","authors":"N. Iwasaka","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405782","url":null,"abstract":"Accuracies of wind speed and air temperature observations were assessed. Wind speed observation reported to the Japan Meteorological Agency in 1996 and 1997 were examined by comparing them with the NSCAT surface wind observations. Systematic errors in wind direction measurements are negligibly small, but the random error is as large as 44 degrees. In overall evaluation, wind speed observed aboard is overestimated by 1.30 m s-1 and the random error is 2.83 m s -1, respectively. It is confirmed that anemometer height correction can successfully reduce the systematic error for instrumental observation. In contrast, the systematic errors in visually observations were not reduced by applying a newly developed correction method. The numerical experiments were also conducted for several types of merchant ships to examine the distributions of wind speed around the ships. The results of the experiments give some idea where an anemometer should be installed on and how much the systematic error can be expected. Basic field experiments were performed to quantitatively evaluate the bias error on the air temperature measurement aboard. It is confirmed that the relationship between the bias error and insolation that was shown by previous studies; i.e., the bias is almost linearly proportional to the magnitude of insolation in the same time. The bias also seems to weakly depend on fetch of the wind on the ship","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114641917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arrayed GPS-buoys wave observation system 阵列gps浮标波浪观测系统

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405781

Y. Yoo, D. Hou, N. Kouguchi, H. Ishida, S. Shiotani, H. Fujii, I. Deguchi

引用次数: 7

A probabilistic method on ship damages 船舶损害的概率方法

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402919

H. Sayyaadi, M. Tavakoli

{"title":"A probabilistic method on ship damages","authors":"H. Sayyaadi, M. Tavakoli","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402919","url":null,"abstract":"Marine accidents especially when considering ship accidents and crashes are addressed here in this paper. In order to identify damage stability in ships and marine vessels, there are basically two main approaches including: deterministic methods, and probabilistic methods. A probabilistic method is used here in this paper and because of probabilistic calculus; statistical data is needed to identify models, methods, etc. IMO data base is used to do analysis and present research results. Probabilistic modeling has been performed by introducing three individual factors which are as follows: a) the probability that one or more than one ship compartments to be flooded (there is no any more longitudinal and/or horizontal subdivision in it), b) the probability of not damaging longitudinal subdivision (if there will be some), c) the probability of not damaging horizontal subdivision (if there will be some). In this research work focus is on the first and second factors that are functions of the location, the length and the width of compartment(s). In order to ease the proposed method and also to generalize the results, nondimensional damage location and nondimensional damage length and nondimensional damage penetration are introduced. Referring to IMO data base, the bilinear functions are used to describe nondimensional damage length and nondimensional location. Completion of these methods and models will lead us to a new formulation for probability of the flooded compartments in ships and vessels and the results will be illustrated to prove the validity of the method","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127729092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Difference of water and nutrients budgets in estuary of the Yellow River between 80's and 90's 黄河河口80 ~ 90年代水、养分收支差异

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405766

M. Hayashi, T. Yanagi, G. Xinyu

引用次数: 1

Underwater acoustic channel characterisation for medium-range shallow water communications 中程浅水通信的水声信道特性

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402892

M. Chitre, John Potter, Ong Sim Heng

{"title":"Underwater acoustic channel characterisation for medium-range shallow water communications","authors":"M. Chitre, John Potter, Ong Sim Heng","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402892","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to effectively communicate underwater has numerous applications for researchers, marine commercial operators and defence organizations. As electromagnetic waves cannot propagate over long distances in seawater, acoustics provides the most obvious choice of channel. Although acoustics has been used effectively for point-to-point communications in deep-water channels, acoustics has had limited success for horizontal transmissions in shallow water. Time-varying multipath propagation and nonGaussian noise are two of the major factors that limit acoustic communication performance in shallow water. Although it is known that medium-range shallow water propagation is dominated by time-varying multipath arrivals, very few measurements of the variability of the multipath structure are available. In this paper, we present channel measurements made in a shallow water channel (depth 15-20 m) up to a range of 1 km. An analysis of the temporal variability of the arrival structure is presented. Most communication systems make the assumption that the noise is additive and Gaussian. Snapping shrimp dominate the ambient noise spectrum above a few kHz in warm shallow waters. It is known that snapping shrimp noise is impulsive and highly nonGaussian. These noise characteristics need to be taken into account when designing communication systems if robust and near-optimal performance is desired. An analysis of the ambient noise characteristics from some warm shallow water channels is also presented.","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126332266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 118

Trials of seafloor geodetic monitoring around Japan 日本周边海底大地测量监测试验

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406446

M. Mochizuki, M. Fujita, M. Sato, Z. Yoshida, T. Yabuki, A. Asada

引用次数: 1

Computation of advancing gravity currents in ambient flows 环境流中推进重力流的计算

Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600) Pub Date : 2004-11-09 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405611

T. Katsuragi, Y. Sakaguchi, S. Kan, N. Baba, K. Kitaura

引用次数: 0