Philosophy and Technology最新文献

Where Technology Leads, the Problems Follow. Technosolutionism and the Dutch Contact Tracing App. 技术引领，问题随行。技术解决主义与荷兰联系人追踪应用程序。

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-024-00807-y

Lotje E Siffels, Tamar Sharon

{"title":"Where Technology Leads, the Problems Follow. Technosolutionism and the Dutch Contact Tracing App.","authors":"Lotje E Siffels, Tamar Sharon","doi":"10.1007/s13347-024-00807-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13347-024-00807-y","url":null,"abstract":"In April 2020, in the midst of its first pandemic lockdown, the Dutch government announced plans to develop a contact tracing app to help contain the spread of the coronavirus - the Coronamelder. Originally intended to address the problem of the overburdening of manual contract tracers, by the time the app was released six months later, the problem it sought to solve had drastically changed, without the solution undergoing any modification, making it a prime example of technosolutionism. While numerous critics have mobilised the concept of technosolutionism, the questions of how technosolutionism works in practice and which specific harms it can provoke have been understudied. In this paper we advance a thick conception of technosolutionism which, drawing on Evgeny Morozov, distinguishes it from the notion of technological fix, and, drawing on constructivism, emphasizes its constructivist dimension. Using this concept, we closely follow the problem that the Coronamelder aimed to solve and how it shifted over time to fit the Coronamelder solution, rather than the other way around. We argue that, although problems are always constructed, technosolutionist problems are badly constructed, insofar as the careful and cautious deliberation which should accompany problem construction in public policy is absent in the case of technosolutionism. This can lead to three harms: a subversion of democratic decision-making; the presence of powerful new actors in the public policy context - here Big Tech; and the creation of \"orphan problems\", whereby the initial problems that triggered the need to develop a (techno)solution are left behind. We question whether the most popular form of technology ethics today, which focuses predominantly on the design of technology, is well-equipped to address these technosolutionist harms, insofar as such a focus may preclude critical thinking about whether or not technology should be the solution in the first place.","PeriodicalId":39065,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Technology","volume":"37 4","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Track Thyself? The Value and Ethics of Self-knowledge Through Technology. 追踪你自己？通过技术认识自我的价值与伦理。

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-024-00704-4

Muriel Leuenberger

{"title":"Track Thyself? The Value and Ethics of Self-knowledge Through Technology.","authors":"Muriel Leuenberger","doi":"10.1007/s13347-024-00704-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13347-024-00704-4","url":null,"abstract":"Novel technological devices, applications, and algorithms can provide us with a vast amount of personal information about ourselves. Given that we have ethical and practical reasons to pursue self-knowledge, should we use technology to increase our self-knowledge? And which ethical issues arise from the pursuit of technologically sourced self-knowledge? In this paper, I explore these questions in relation to bioinformation technologies (health and activity trackers, DTC genetic testing, and DTC neurotechnologies) and algorithmic profiling used for recommender systems, targeted advertising, and technologically supported decision-making. First, I distinguish between impersonal, critical, and relational self-knowledge. Relational self-knowledge is a so far neglected dimension of self-knowledge which is introduced in this paper. Next, I investigate the contribution of these technologies to the three types of self-knowledge and uncover the connected ethical concerns. Technology can provide a lot of impersonal self-knowledge, but we should focus on the quality of the information which tends to be particularly insufficient for marginalized groups. In terms of critical self-knowledge, the nature of technologically sourced personal information typically impedes critical engagement. The value of relational self-knowledge speaks in favour of transparency of information technology, notably for algorithms that are involved in decision-making about individuals. Moreover, bioinformation technologies and digital profiling shape the concepts and norms that define us. We should ensure they not only serve commercial interests but our identity and self-knowledge interests.","PeriodicalId":39065,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10821817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moderating Synthetic Content: the Challenge of Generative AI. 调节合成内容：生成式人工智能的挑战。

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-024-00818-9

Sarah A Fisher, Jeffrey W Howard, Beatriz Kira

{"title":"Moderating Synthetic Content: the Challenge of Generative AI.","authors":"Sarah A Fisher, Jeffrey W Howard, Beatriz Kira","doi":"10.1007/s13347-024-00818-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-024-00818-9","url":null,"abstract":"Artificially generated content threatens to seriously disrupt the public sphere. Generative AI massively facilitates the production of convincing portrayals of fabricated events. We have already begun to witness the spread of synthetic misinformation, political propaganda, and non-consensual intimate deepfakes. Malicious uses of the new technologies can only be expected to proliferate over time. In the face of this threat, social media platforms must surely act. But how? While it is tempting to think they need new sui generis policies targeting synthetic content, we argue that the challenge posed by generative AI should be met through the enforcement of general platform rules. We demonstrate that the threat posed to individuals and society by AI-generated content is no different in kind from that of ordinary harmful content-a threat which is already well recognised. Generative AI massively increases the problem but, ultimately, it requires the same approach. Therefore, platforms do best to double down on improving and enforcing their existing rules, regardless of whether the content they are dealing with was produced by humans or machines.","PeriodicalId":39065,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Technology","volume":"37 4","pages":"133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11561028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Incalculability of the Generated Text. 生成文本的不可计算性。

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-024-00708-0

Alžbeta Kuchtová

引用次数: 0

Authorship and ChatGPT: a Conservative View. 作者身份与 ChatGPT：一种保守的观点。

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-024-00715-1

René van Woudenberg, Chris Ranalli, Daniel Bracker

引用次数: 0

Breaking the Wheel, Credibility, and Hermeneutical Injustice: A Response to Harris. 打破车轮、可信度和解释学上的不公正：对哈里斯的回应。

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-024-00828-7

Taylor Matthews

引用次数: 0

Technology and Neutrality 技术与中立

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-023-00672-1

Sybren Heyndels

引用次数: 0

Commentary on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic Ethics: Towards Pluralist Ethical Benchmarking for AI 伊斯兰伦理中的人工智能(AI):走向人工智能的多元伦理标杆

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-023-00677-w

Amana Raquib

引用次数: 0

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic Ethics: Towards Pluralist Ethical Benchmarking for AI 伊斯兰伦理中的人工智能:走向人工智能的多元伦理基准

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-023-00668-x

Ezieddin Elmahjub

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic Ethics: Towards Pluralist Ethical Benchmarking for AI","authors":"Ezieddin Elmahjub","doi":"10.1007/s13347-023-00668-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-023-00668-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper explores artificial intelligence (AI) ethics from an Islamic perspective at a critical time for AI ethical norm-setting. It advocates for a pluralist approach to ethical AI benchmarking. As rapid advancements in AI technologies pose challenges surrounding autonomy, privacy, fairness, and transparency, the prevailing ethical discourse has been predominantly Western or Eurocentric. To address this imbalance, this paper delves into the Islamic ethical traditions to develop a framework that contributes to the global debate on optimal norm setting for designing and using AI technologies. The paper outlines Islamic parameters for ethical values and moral actions in the context of AI's ethical uncertainties. It emphasizes the significance of both textual and non-textual Islamic sources in addressing these uncertainties while placing a strong emphasis on the notion of \"good\" or \" maṣlaḥa \" as a normative guide for AI's ethical evaluation. Defining maṣlaḥa as an ethical state of affairs in harmony with divine will, the paper highlights the coexistence of two interpretations of maṣlaḥa : welfarist/utility-based and duty-based. Islamic jurisprudence allows for arguments supporting ethical choices that prioritize building the technical infrastructure for AI to maximize utility. Conversely, it also supports choices that reject consequential utility calculations as the sole measure of value in determining ethical responses to AI advancements.","PeriodicalId":39065,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Technology","volume":"69 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135222065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Metaverse: Andrew McStay’s Responses to Cody Turner 虚拟世界:Andrew McStay对Cody Turner的回应

Philosophy and Technology Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-023-00676-x

Andrew McStay

引用次数: 0