AJOB Neuroscience最新文献_第8页

The Influence of Using Novel Predictive Technologies on Judgments of Stigma, Empathy, and Compassion among Healthcare Professionals. 使用新型预测技术对医疗保健专业人员的耻辱感、同情和怜悯判断的影响。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2225470

Daniel Z Buchman, Daphne Imahori, Christopher Lo, Katrina Hui, Caroline Walker, James Shaw, Karen D Davis

{"title":"The Influence of Using Novel Predictive Technologies on Judgments of Stigma, Empathy, and Compassion among Healthcare Professionals.","authors":"Daniel Z Buchman, Daphne Imahori, Christopher Lo, Katrina Hui, Caroline Walker, James Shaw, Karen D Davis","doi":"10.1080/21507740.2023.2225470","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21507740.2023.2225470","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Our objective was to evaluate whether the description of a machine learning (ML) app or brain imaging technology to predict the onset of schizophrenia or alcohol use disorder (AUD) influences healthcare professionals' judgments of stigma, empathy, and compassion.Methods: We randomized healthcare professionals (N = 310) to one vignette about a person whose clinician seeks to predict schizophrenia or an AUD, using a ML app, brain imaging, or a psychosocial assessment. Participants used scales to measure their judgments of stigma, empathy, and compassion.Results: Participants randomized to the ML vignette endorsed less anger and more fear relative to the psychosocial vignette, and the brain imaging vignette elicited higher pity ratings. The brain imaging and ML vignettes evoked lower personal responsibility judgments compared to the psychosocial vignette. Physicians and nurses reported less empathy than clinical psychologists.Conclusions: The use of predictive technologies may reinforce essentialist views about mental health and substance use that may increase specific aspects of stigma and reduce others.","PeriodicalId":39022,"journal":{"name":"AJOB Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"32-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9833860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Lived Realities of Chemical Restraint: Prioritizing Patient Experience. 化学约束的现实生活：优先考虑患者体验。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2292506

Ryan Dougherty, Joanna Smolenski, Jared N Smith

引用次数: 0

On Changes and Opportunities at AJOB Neuroscience. AJOB 神经科学公司的变化与机遇。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2292490

Veljko Dubljevic

引用次数: 0

Translational Neuroethics: A Vision for a More Integrated, Inclusive, and Impactful Field. 转化神经伦理学：一个更加综合、包容和有影响力的领域的愿景。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2021.2001078

Anna Wexler, Laura Specker Sullivan

{"title":"Translational Neuroethics: A Vision for a More Integrated, Inclusive, and Impactful Field.","authors":"Anna Wexler, Laura Specker Sullivan","doi":"10.1080/21507740.2021.2001078","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21507740.2021.2001078","url":null,"abstract":"As early-career neuroethicists, we come to the field of neuroethics at a unique moment: we are well-situated to consider nearly two decades of neuroethics scholarship and identify challenges that have persisted across time. But we are also looking squarely ahead, embarking on the next generation of exciting and productive neuroethics scholarship. In this article, we both reflect backwards and turn our gaze forward. First, we highlight criticisms of neuroethics, both from scholars within the field and outside it, that have focused on speculation and lack of skepticism; the dearth of consideration of broader social issues such as justice and equality, both with regard to who speaks for neuroethics as a field and who benefits from its recommendations and findings; and the insufficient focus on the practical impact of our ethical work. Second, we embrace the concept of \"translational neuroethics\" to outline a vision for neuroethics that is integrated, inclusive, and impactful. Integration can help us identify more pertinent, real-world issues, and move away from speculation; inclusivity can help ensure that the questions we attend to are not merely relevant to a single subgroup but aim toward just distribution of benefits; and impact can help us think beyond guidelines and recommendations to focus on implementation. Our goal is for this call to action to help shape neuroethics into a discipline that develops rigorous research agendas through relationships with interdisciplinary partners, that is broadly inclusive and attends to issues beyond novel neurotechnologies, and that is devoted to the translation of scholarship into practice.","PeriodicalId":39022,"journal":{"name":"AJOB Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"388-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9187971/pdf/nihms-1814085.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9926416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

(Re-)Redefining Neuroethics to Meet the Challenges of the Future. 重新定义神经伦理学以迎接未来的挑战。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2257182

Noa Cohen

引用次数: 0

Mending the Language Barrier: The Need for Ethics Communication in Neuroethics. 修补语言障碍：神经伦理学中的伦理交流需要。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2257194

Katherine Bassil

引用次数: 0

Designing New Neurorights: Tasking and Translating Them to All Humanity. 设计新的神经权利：赋予全人类任务并将其转化为全人类。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2257175

John R Shook, James Giordano

引用次数: 0

Psychedelics as a Holistic Cognitive Enhancement. 迷幻药作为一种整体认知增强。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2257196

Richard B Gibson

引用次数: 0

Cognitive Enhancement Inevitably Leads to Discrimination against Women. 认知能力的增强必然导致对妇女的歧视。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2257154

Konrad Szocik

引用次数: 0

Translational (Neuro)Ethics: A Call for Supporting Equitable Determinants of Academic Practical Ethics. 翻译（神经）伦理学：呼吁支持学术实践伦理学的公平决定因素。

AJOB Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2023.2257160

Kristine Bærøe

引用次数: 0