Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System最新文献

{"title":"The Value of HER2 neu and EphA2 expressions in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Prognosis","authors":"O. Harb, H. Atwa, R. Haggag, Shereen El-Shorbagy, L. Abdelaziz., S. Balata, F. Habib, L. Gertallah","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000498","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is a serious disease with poor outcome. Discovering novel molecular targeted therapies is a recent point of research to improve prognosis. One of the newly discovered targets is the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs); it is a member of trans-membrane receptors which had important roles in proliferation and apoptosis. RTKs were found to have different expression patterns in several malignancies. HER2 neu which is a member of HER family is a proto-oncogene that is formed of four receptor tyrosine kinases. Erythropoietinproducing hepatocellular (Eph) molecules are major RTKs members and one of those molecules is EphA2 which has many different functions in cancer as tumor initiation, progression, angiogenesis and spread. We aimed to explore the expression patterns of both HER2 neu and EphA2 in GAC patients using immunohistochemistry, and to correlate their expressions with clinico-pathological factors and prognosis of our patients Methods: HER2 neu and EphA2 expressions were assessed in sections from forty blocks of paraffin which were diagnosed as GAC. Then we analyzed the correlations between their expressions and disease outcome of GAC patients. Results: HER2 neu and EphA2 positive expressions in GAC were positively correlated with tumor grade and stage (p<0.001 and p=0.002 respectively), inadequate response to therapy (p<0.001 and p=0.002 respectively), increase recurrence rate of GAC (p=0.002), and with poor survival (p<0.001). Conclusion: GAC patients with high expressions of both HER2 neu and EphA2 had unfavorable prognosis.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121084700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Directly Acting Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Drugs","authors":"Omkolsoum M Alhaddad, M. Elsabaawy, O. Elshaarawy, Dalia M. Elsabaawy, T. Mansour","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000496","url":null,"abstract":"The best of care of Acute hepatitis C (AHC) infections in the evolving era of all oral directly acting antiviral drugs (DDAs) needs revision. The inevitable chronic liver disease in 80% of AHC infections justifies the advent of DDAs that expectedly will guarantee high cure rates. Unlike interferons, the short and ultra-short all oral DDAs regimens had revolutionized treatment strategies with better adherence and fewer complications. However, the costly price of DAAs added to the average expertise is still contrarily active. Up-to-date, studies concerning DAAs treatment for AHC mono-infection are sparse; indeed this represents an unmet need in modern AHC management.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130930768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Possible Risk Factors Contributing to Delayed Gastric Emptying after Distal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer","authors":"Pradhan Sulav, S. Xin, Hijrat Khalil Ahmad, L. Xing, Maharjan Pranita","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000495","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric cancer is a worldwide epidemic. The standard and definitive treatment for gastric cancer is surgical resection: gastrectomy. Surgery is a common trigger for gastroparesis. DGE is arguably the most common of the post-gastrectomy syndromes, accounting for 5-20% of all cases. A clear etiology still remains unidentified. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possible risk factors contributing to development of DGE after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. A retrospective study of 252 patients, who underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer, was conducted from January 2010 to December 2015. 18 patients developed DGE with an occurrence rate of 7.1%. The incidence of DGE was found to be significantly higher in patients with 1) Gastric outlet obstruction (P=0.031), 2) Roux-en-Y reconstruction surgery (P=0.041), 3) Side to end gastrojejunostomy (P=0.03), 4) Tumor in the lower 1/3rd (P= 0.027) and 5) Ulcerative lesion (P=0.001). DGE continues to affect a considerable number of patients after gastric surgery. Proper preoperative preparation and postoperative management can considerably reduce the incidence of DGE.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"282 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125863677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extra-Intestinal Complications (EIC) and Manifestations (EIM) (Ocular andPulmonary) among Patients with Crohn's Disease","authors":"Abeer S. Ali, A. Bamahfouz, Talal M Krema, E. Alkhoutani, Anas A Alkhoutani, Rehaam M Wayani, Alaa Turkistani, Raneem M Wayani","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000494","url":null,"abstract":"Crohn's disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder of unknown etiology primarily affect the gastrointestinal tract with series of Extra intestinal manifestations (EIM) and Extra intestinal complications (EIC) that affects different organs and systems. In this review, we try to make stress on different previously reported frequencies of EIMs and EIC in patients with CD; from our point of view we make an overview on the ocular and pulmonary complications and manifestations that are related either to disease activity or an indication of the presence of CD. Sclerotis, uveitis and dry eye syndrome in previous healthy subjects with intestinal manifestation help in early diagnosis of CD especially in unexpected ages of the diseases. Further, work on pulmonary manifestations to make full explanation on whether pulmonary disease is secondary to the drugs or to the underlying disease process.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116462752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Flow from Different Solutions During Perfusion of the Functioning Portion of the Small Intestine of the Rats In vivo","authors":"O. Storchylo","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000493","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study of the water flow during perfusion of the functioning portion of the small intestine of male rats in vivo by Ringer solution, glucose and glycine. Methods: The experiments were performed on the functioning portion of the small intestine of the rats in the chronic experiments in vivo without narcosis, pain, stress and operation trauma, formed according method. The concentration of PEG was determined based on modified method colorimetrically on CFC-2MP, I»=465nm. The concentration of glycine was determined using method colorimetrically on photoelectrocolorimeter–CFC-2MP, I»=540 nm. The concentration of glucose was determined colorimetrically on photoelectrocolorimeter–CFC-2MP, I»=625 nm. The concentration of bile was determined colorimetrically on CFC-2MP, I»=480 nm. Results: There were no found the dilution of the perfusate with physiological fluids. There were detected an absorption of water from the Ringer solution, from the 25 mmol/L solutions of glucose or glycine, prepared on the Ringer solution. Water absorption from the Ringer's solution was more than from the solutions of 25 mmol/L glycine or glucose, prepared on the same Ringer's solution. It was shown the periodic character of the secretion of bile into the living small intestine of the rats under physiological conditions. Conclusion: Comparison of water flows in the unclosed functioning portion of the small intestine during the thereof perfusion by solutions of Ringer, glucose, or of equimolar concentration glycine showed that in all cases, regardless of the type of the substrate and presence of primordial physiological fluids in the intestine, water absorption is observed from the perfusion solution. Thus, it shows a high rate of water absorption in the small intestine, exceeding the dilution of the perfusion solution.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124279416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EsoTensive Colic: The Screaming Infant","authors":"Talbert Dg","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000488","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infantile colic is considered a benign process in which an infant has paroxysms of inconsolable crying for more than three hours per day, more than three days per week, for longer than three weeks. It affects approximately 10% to 40% of infants worldwide and peaks at around six weeks of age, with symptoms resolving by three to six months of age. The incidence is equal between the sexes, and there is no correlation with the type of feeding (breast vs. bottle), gestational age, or socio-economic status. Some colicky infants have attacks of screaming with associated motor behaviours such as flushed face, furrowed brow, clenched fists and legs pulled up to the abdomen. Crying occurs in prolonged bouts. The infants do not respond to normal comforting techniques. Crying onset is unpredictable, spontaneous and unrelated to environmental events. The cause of infantile colic is unknown. It is proposed that there is a form of infant colic, resulting from Mallory-Wiess tears near the esophageousstomach junction, caused by distension of the stomach cardiac orifice during vomiting. \u0000Physiology: Projectile vomiting is associated with severe colic. Very high intra-abdominal pressures are required to propel vomit several feet, greatly exceeding those involved in Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. These pressures are generated by simultaneous maximal contraction of diaphragm and abdominal wall muscles, compressing abdominal contents. Pressurised chyme overwhelms the lower esophagus sphincter and enters the lower esophagus, distending and possibly tearing it. \u0000Conclusions: A) There is a form of colic caused by Mallory-Weiss tears at the gastro-esophageal junction during violent vomiting. Subsequently, any reflux flowing over the exposed wound will cause sudden pain. B) Screaming will commence largely unrelated to external events, and last until the reflux disperses. C) Diet will have no effect, unless it induces vomiting. D) There will be no gender bias.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117135300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training in Laparoscopic Surgery in Latin America","authors":"Edmundo Dediós Orozco, C. Madrid","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000489","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The training of Residents and Surgeons in Laparoscopic Surgery in Latin America is performed in the OR (Operating Room) on the patient, which predisposes to the risk of many complications, both during learning as during the daily performance of this intervention. \u0000Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of the basic training program in Laparoscopic surgery in the development of cognitive and motor dexterities and skills. \u0000Methodology: CEPCEA (Center for Studies on Prevention and Correction of Abdominal Diseases) has developed a 5-day teaching system, based on the PBL (Problem-Based Learning) development of tests in manual skills on inanimate objects, biological and human tissue and permanent creation of easy to repeat tips, we combine the best of each continent: the American FLS (Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery) Training, the Europeanoriginated Endotrainer and the Japanese KAIZEN. We took a pre-test and a practical post-test to the total cohort of trained surgeons during the period January-December 2016, tests which were based on time and on 20 theoretical questions with a value of 1 point per each correct answer. We used the SPSS v.21 as statistical software. \u0000Results: The population tested consisted of 55 trainees from different Latin-American countries who attended in groups of 4 to 6 participants of general surgery (32), gynecology (11), urology (3), surgery oncology (3), pediatric surgery (1), and others (5) who, on admission, had a mean of peg transfer time of 189.6 seconds, which at the end of their practical training of 4 days was of 68.4 seconds; while the results of the pretest and theoretical posttest showed a media of 5.8 And 14.9 points respectively. \u0000Conclusions: The CEPCEA teaching system is an efficient and necessary method for the development of manual and theoretical skills and dexterities in laparoscopic surgery in the various surgical specialties.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126864079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not another Complaint","authors":"M. Megson, C. Macano, S. Davies, Z. Zafar, S. M. Nyasavajjala, V. Rao","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000491","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Surgical patient complaints can be used to identify deficiencies within healthcare provision. The Francis report highlighted that at Mid-Staffordshire multiple complaints had demonstrated the problems at the trust. The number of complaints in the NHS is still rising yearly. Review of patient complaints by clinicians could highlight areas of clinical care requiring improvement. Methods: A University hospitals surgical patient complaints reported to Patient Advice and Liaison Service from 2011-2015 were reviewed. Complaints were classified into: Attitude of Staff, General Nursing, Clinical Treatment, Admission transfer and discharge arrangements, Inpatient appointment delay/cancellation, Consent to Treatment, Communication, Aids and appliances, Other, Outpatient appointment delay/cancellation, Hotel Services and Records. Results: The number of patient complaints within the NHS is increasing. 869 complaints were received. It is often reported that communication is the basis of most complaints but “All aspects of Clinical Treatment” was the most common complaint category, constituting of >50% of complaints. The other common categories were attitude of staff, admission Delay/Discharge and appointments Inpatients/Outpatient. Within clinical treatment the most frequent issues were suitability of treatment followed by delay in providing results. Conclusion: It is often reported that communication is the basis of most complaints however, in this study the commonest complaint related to the suitability of the treatment. This may indicate an underlying problem with communication regarding management decisions, specifically explanation and consent. Clear communication and improving patient engagement in decision could yield dramatic decreases in complaints","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122784231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WASH Practices-A Determinant of Gastrointestinal Community Health: A Community Study from Rural Odisha, India","authors":"S. Kar, PC Samantaray","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000490","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rural Odisha, a state in Eastern India, lags far behind much of India in access to toilet facilities and safe drinking water, with 88% of the rural population lacking access to improved sanitation facilities. However recently there has been a political advocacy at the national and regional level in the wake of Swach Bharat Abhyan (Clean India Campaign) wherein a lot of changes have been witnessed in the state. Hence, the current study was contemplated to assess the Water and Sanitation Hygiene (WASH) access in the state and improvements if any. Objectives: a) To assess the wash amenities and practices of 2 sampled districts. b) To determine the association of gaps in wash and disease incidence in the sample. Methodology: Current study explores the wash practices of 2 districts which were randomly selected out of the Human Development Index (HDI) ranking of the state i.e. Khurdha and Jagatsinghpur. The households were selected randomly from 2 blocks of the district; 50 households each and the respondent were the women of the house, as they are considered to the propagators of all WASH practices in the house. Study tool was a predesigned pretested questionnaire which elicited information on sociodemographic information, housing, key questions on toilets on drainage and general sanitation and hygiene. Incidence of diarrheal disease in the household and its course was taken as a proxy of illness and health behaviour. Focus group discussion was also done in order to know the opinion of the women towards toilet in every home. Results: A total of 100 women respondents participated in the study wherein safe access to drinking water was available to 70% of sample, out of which Khurdha had better access in terms of piped water supply in the house itself (14%). Open defecation was practiced by 45%; which was more among men of the house (86.3%) and among the ladies mostly among those over 40 years of age. Hand hygiene was very good in Khurdha and incidence of diarrhoea in the last one month was reported 5.6 times in those who said that they washed their hands with ash and water. Diarrheal incidence was more than double in Jagatsinghpur (P=0.001). 92% women lauded the government’s initiative to make toilets but almost all insisted that the move would be a success only if regular water supply is ensured. Conclusion: The study brings out largely that the community mandate of a developing state with regards to urgent addressal of WASH initiatives in terms of mobilization and availability of cost effective basic amenities to improve the living conditions of the community.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125184925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma of the Retroperitoneum","authors":"In-Hwan Kim, Hyundong Chae","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000487","url":null,"abstract":"A retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare tumor. It is classified as several subtypes according to the quantity of lipid, mucoid lipid, and the differentiation of cells. When a tumor is histologically composed of well to poorly differentiated liposarcoma and non-lipomatous sarcoma, it is called a dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Although the prognosis of most liposarcomas are better than other sarcomas, dedifferentiated liposarcoma could be life-threatening because of its higher malignant potential. A dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare disease and there are only a few studies reported, especially in Korea and Asian countries. Despite the relative rarity, these tumors can cause significant morbidity and mortality in affected patients, and complete resection is only the principal treatment. Therefore, we report a case of a giant dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum in a 66-year-old man who underwent complete resection.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128809283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}