Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System最新文献

{"title":"The cagA and vacA genes of Helicobacter pylori antibiotics resistance isolated from gastritis and peptic ulcer pediatric patients in Vietnam","authors":"Thin Nguyen","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X-C1-053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X-C1-053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125647722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Staghorn Common Bile Duct Calculus (A Case Report)","authors":"J. Bhat","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000528","url":null,"abstract":"Giant staghorn common bile duct (CBD) calculi are usually uncommon but can be found in patients with oriental cholangiohepatitis. The size of stone can vary from few millimetres to several centimetres. These are usually pigment stones and patients can present with pain, jaundice and fever or some times Reynold's pentad. Primary bile duct stones form within the bile ducts and usually are of brown pigment variety containing higher proportion of bilirubin as compared to cholesterol. \u0000Bile infection appears to be the initial event leading to stone formation. The secondary CBD stones arise from gall bladder or intra and extrahepatic ducts. They are mostly cholesterol stones. We are presenting a case in which we removed a giant staghorn calculus from the CBD measuring 11.5 × 4 cm and weighing about 100 grams.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131414237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typhoid Perforation: Presentation and Management Outcome North-Eastern Nigeria","authors":"S. Aliyu, U. Babayo, M. Tahir, A. Zarami, A. Ibrahim, A. Madziga","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000526","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The management of typhoid ilial perforation in this low socioeconomic environment is really challenging because the population is predominantly peasant farmers lacking social amenities and quality water supply. \u0000Patients and Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with typhoid perforation and managed in Damaturu and Potiskum district Hospitals North-Eastern Nigeria between January 2012 and December 2016. \u0000Results: A total of 279 patients were seen, 268 analyzed and 11 were excluded due to incomplete records. Age ranged from 3 to 50 years with male to female ration of 1.1:1 and a mean of 14.75 years. The peak age group was 11-20 years accounting for 39.93%. The clinical features were abdominal pain in 99.25% and abdominal tenderness in all patients. Procedures done were simple closure of perforation in 87.31% patients, resection and anastomosis in 70.84%. Post-operative complications were surgical site infection in 21.64%, and renal failure in 1.12%. The mortality was 14.18%. \u0000Conclusion: Typhoid perforation posed a major health hazard with high morbidity and mortality especially in a low socioeconomic environment where poor personal hygiene, improper human waste disposal, malnutrition, and poor social amenities exist. Despite high mortality associated with the disease, timely diagnosis, aggressive resuscitative measures as well as early surgical intervention can go a long way in reducing menace of the disease. Prevention is the most effective way of reducing this public health problem through health education and provision of adequate potable water.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125073492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of the Pharynx to the Cervical Esophagus Using Trans-nasal Endoscopy with Image-enhanced Endoscopy for Early Detection of Head and Neck Cancers","authors":"K. Kawada, T. Okada, T. Sugimoto, K. Yamaguchi, Y. Kawamura, T. Matsui, Masafumi Okuda, Taichi Ogo, Y. Kume, Andres Mora, A. Hoshino, Y. Tokairin, Y. Nakajima, Ryuhei Okada, Yusuke Kiyokawa, F. Nomura, Yosuke Ariizumi, T. Asakage, Takashi Ito, T. Kawano","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000522","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: We started endoscopic treatment for superficial pharyngeal cancer in 1996, and thus far, 97 lesions of 77 cases of superficial head and neck cancer have been detected using trans-oral endoscopy. However, some areas are difficult to observe with trans-oral endoscopy because of the gag reflex. We have therefore applied transnasal endoscopy for observing of the pharynx to the cervical esophagus. \u0000Methods: To avoid overlooking cancers located at the floor of the mouth, soft palate and uvula, we first observe the oral cavity. After administering local anesthesia to the nose without sedation, the endoscope is inserted through the nose. When the tip of the endoscope reaches caudal to the uvula, the patient opens his or her mouth wide, sticks the tongue forward as far as possible and makes a makes a vocalization like “ayyy”. The endoscopist then makes the endoscope take a U-turn and observes the oropharynx, particularly radix linguae. To examine the hypopharynx and the orifice of the esophagus, the patient is asked to blow hard and puff their cheeks while the mouth remains closed. This approach provides a much better view of the orifice of the esophagus than is possible with trans-oral endoscopy with deep sedation. \u0000Results: In this study, we detected 22 superficial cancers of the oral cavity. Previous efforts to detect such cancers using trans-oral endoscopy have failed. In addition, we were never able to detect early cancers located at base of tongue in the past, but since implementing the intra-oropharyngeal U-turn method, we have detected more than 10 cases. We were also never able to detect early cancers located at the pharyngoesophageal junction in the past, but since implementing the modified Valsalva maneuver, we have detected more than 20 cases. Between 2008 and 2016, a total of 164 cases of 227 lesions of superficial head and neck cancer were detected by trans-nasal endoscopy, which is more than twice as many as were detected with conventional screening. Mucosal redness, white deposits or loss of a normal vascular pattern and proliferation of vascular pattern such as small dots or salmon roe with a close-up view of it are important characteristics to diagnose superficial pharyngeal cancer. Moreover, a brownish area using image-enhanced endoscopy is useful for early diagnosis. With adequate extension of the pharyngeal mucosa using the Valsalva maneuver, observing the protruded areas should prove useful for diagnosing the depth of invasion. \u0000Conclusions: Observing the pharynx to the cervical esophagus using trans-nasal endoscopy with imageenhanced endoscopy is useful for early detection of head and neck cancers.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114307827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates on Management of GERD Disease","authors":"A. Iannetti","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000523","url":null,"abstract":"Gastro-esophageal reflux disease is a very common disease. Natural history provides an alternative to wellness and reactivating the disease. The purpose of this article is to review the condition of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The article discusses the diagnostic methods, the clinical presentations and the higher incidence of atypical forms and high reflux symptoms. Many patients are not responding to therapy and those who respond to drugs become dependent on the cure. Medical therapy has some adverse events such as anemia, osteoporosis, and infections. Physiotherapy can be an alternative treatment that offers a temporal benefit. \u0000Surgical therapy is performed with laparoscopy, which is less invasive than open procedure and reduces the time of stay. Endoscopic surgery is devoid of postoperative complications and is easily executable. It can be carried out with one day residency. The article outlines the various endoscopic techniques of recent years and reports scientific studies. From these it appears that the efficacy of endoscopic therapies for the treatment of GERD has not been documented with certainty. So, despite the dream of resolving gastroesophageal reflux with mini-invasive or, even better, endoscopic surgical procedures, the experience of real life teaches us that the medical therapy is effective in most cases and risk free, if the patient is followed closely.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127559340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect on Acid Reflux Symptoms Occurring during Sleep of an Oral Adhering Disc Containing only Food Ingredients","authors":"J. Burgess, P. Ven, M. Karcher","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000524","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this double-blinded, randomized, controlled study was to determine if OraCoat XyliMelts, an over the counter, dissolvable, adhering disc used to reduce excessive day time or night time dry mouth by increasing salivation, would also reduce reflux and heartburn symptoms occurring during sleep among subjects suffering from both GERD and xerostomia. Subjects submitted 14 days of baseline data by answering questions and were then randomized into one of two groups: one receiving a dry mouth gel (control) and a second receiving a disc (product of interest). Neither the identities of the two products nor the manufacturers of the products was revealed to subjects. Answers to the same set of questions were then collected for an additional 14 days as the supplied products were used. The accumulated data were evaluated for pre-post treatment changes within and between groups. Variables included reported heartburn, reflux, reflux taste, hoarseness, dry mouth, and antacid use. The results showed a significant decrease in the severity of the above symptoms of GERD with both disc and gel use, although improvement was greatest for those using the discs. Comparison between the gel and disc groups for most symptoms did not reveal significant differences. For heartburn, subjects using the discs perceived significantly less pain than subjects using the gel. We conclude that the use of certain products intended to reduce dry mouth during sleep, including OraCoat XyliMelts, may be an effective adjunctive remedy for reducing reflux and heartburn symptoms in patients with GERD and xerostomia.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126924713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Analysis of Esophagogastroduodenoscopies: A Single Center Experience","authors":"A. Celebi, F. Akdemir, Mujgan Gurler, D. Koc, A. Ozdemir, I. Ekizoğlu, M. Altay","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000521","url":null,"abstract":"Goals: To present retrospective data on esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) findings of patients who were admitted to a training and research hospital due to upper gastrointestinal system problems. \u0000Background: EGD is an interventional method used for diagnosing diseases of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. EGD is essential in the diagnosis of various benign and malign upper gastrointestinal diseases, as well as for therapy or disease follow-up. \u0000Study: This study evaluated retrospective data of 5014 patients with upper gastrointestinal problems who were admitted to General Surgery and Family Medicine Departments and Emergency Service of Taksim Training and Research Hospital and were referred for EGD in the Endoscopy Department between the years 2002 and 2009. \u0000Results: Among 5014 patients, EGD could be performed in 4950 (2820 females) with a mean age of 47.7 ± 16.2 years (range, 31.5-63.9 years). The number of patients undergoing EGD was higher in 2007 and 2008 than the other years. The most common diagnosis was gastric diseases (92.1%). Only 3.3% of all patients had normal EGD findings. Gastritis, hiatal insufficiency, and duodenitis were the most common diseases in the study population (84.3%, 24.4%, and 10.6% respectively). Esophageal, gastric, and duodenal diseases were most commonly observed in the years 2007 and 2008 in the whole study population. \u0000Conclusion: Our study revealed that gastric diseases were the most commonly observed diseases in the patients undergoing EGD. Endoscopy is a safe and reliable procedure that is essential for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of upper gastrointestinal diseases.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129832156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diarrhoea in a Melanoma Patient","authors":"K. Gordon, K. Roberts, Peter Coburm, Andy C Y Li","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000525","url":null,"abstract":"Case report of a female with malignant melanoma, developing diarrhoea following administration of \u0000 Pembrolizumab. Macroscopic investigation was normal, but histology was in keeping with lymphocytic colitis \u0000 secondary to drug related injury, which is the first to be described with this immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115012769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraoesophageal Hernias: A Surgical Perspective","authors":"N. Farhangmehr, T. Liakakos, Alex, ros Charalabopoulos","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000520","url":null,"abstract":"Neda Farhangmehr1, Thodoris Liakakos2 and Alexandros Charalabopoulos1* 1Regional Oesophagogastric Center, Department of Upper GI Surgery, Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford, United Kingdom 2Unit of Upper GI Surgery, 1st Department of Surgery, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece *Corresponding author: Charalabopoulos A, Regional Oesophagogastric Center, Department of Upper GI Surgery, Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford, United Kingdom, Tel: 0044(0)7553104746; E-mail: acharalabopoulos@yahoo.com","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133380648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreas Cancer: Epidemiological, Clinical, Morphological Aspects, and Therapeutic Modalities: Result of a Moroccan University Centre","authors":"A. Aomari, M. Firwana, A. Rahaoui, M. Bakkali, R. Afifi, Essaid Ea","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.1000519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000519","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cancer of the pancreas is one of the most aggressive solid tumors often discovered at a locally \u0000 advanced or metastatic. Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type. The aim of our study was to \u0000 analyze the profile of pancreatic cancer by the various imaging techniques. \u0000Materials and methods: Descriptive retrospective study over a period of 7 years including all patients who were \u0000 followed for pancreatic cancer. The epidemiological data, clinical, morphological and treatment were collected, all \u0000 the patients were hospitalized. The therapeutic decision was taken after a multidisciplinary meeting between the \u0000 different specialists in the Department of Gastroenterology and liver diseases, medicine C, ibn sina hospital, Rabat, \u0000 Morocco. \u0000Results: Over a period of 7 years, 67 patients were collected. These 37 men and 30 women with a sex ratio of \u0000 1.23. The average age was 60 years (26-93 ans). 37% of patient’s had a history of diabetes. Clinically 43% of \u0000 patients had cholestatic jaundice, 28% had abdominal pain. Clinical examination revealed an abdominal mass in \u0000 23% of cases. Abdominal ultrasound showed dilatation of the biliary tract in 67% of cases, the abdominal scanner \u0000 allowed the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in 88% of cases. The tumor site was cephalic in 67% of cases, corporeal \u0000 in 7% of cases and caudal in 25% of cases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was reported in 11% of patients for \u0000 suspected intra-ductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) or as a complement to the diagnosis. Echoendoscopy \u0000 was performed in 11% of the patients as part of the locoregional extension. The average size of the tumor was 48 \u0000 mm. CA19-9 was only dosed in 26 patients. It was positively positive in 65% of patients and normal in 35% of \u0000 patients. Histologically, 83% had adenocarcinoma, 3% had lymphoma, 3% had neuroendocrine tumors, and 5% had \u0000 degenerated IPMNs. Cancer was resectable in 9 patients (13%). The main operative contraindications were \u0000 vascular and lymph node invasion in 6 patients (8%) and pulmonary or peritoneal liver metastases in 53 patients \u0000 (80%). For patients with non-resectable cancer, palliative treatment was indicated either by surgical biliary drainage \u0000 in 4% patients or by endoscopic insertion of biliary prosthesis in 14% of cases or by external biliary drainage in 4% \u0000 of cases. Chemotherapy was indicated in 78% of patients. Therapeutic abstention was indicated in 10 patients. \u0000Conclusion: In our study 82% of pancreatic cancers were diagnosed in the metastatic stage and 10% in locally \u0000 advanced stage. The only curative treatment currently exists is surgery that has been achieved only in 8% of our \u0000 patients.","PeriodicalId":388922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Digestive System","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131911398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}