中国血吸虫病防治杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Laboratory malaria re-examination and evaluation of malaria diagnostic capability in Shanghai Municipal Malaria Diagnostic Reference Laboratory from 2017 to 2022].","authors":"Y Zhang, Z Wang, M Zhu, L Jiang, Q Zhu, X Ma, Q Yu, J Chen","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2023193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the malaria diagnostic capability in Shanghai Municipal Malaria Diagnostic Reference Laboratory from 2017 to 2022 and to analyze factors affecting the diagnosis results, so as to provide the scientific evidence for increasing the laboratory malaria diagnostic capability during the post-elimination stage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>Plasmodium</i>-negative blood smears were randomly sampled using a proportional sampling method each quarter during the period from 2017 to 2022 and scored by Shanghai Municipal Malaria Diagnostic Reference Laboratory. Malaria cases' blood samples from district centers for disease control and prevention in Shanghai Municipality were re-reviewed using microscopy and multiplex PCR assay to evaluate the capability of malaria diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7 746 quality control blood smears were collected from district centers for disease control and prevention in Shanghai Municipality from 2017 to 2022, with a mean score of (76.74 ± 14.34) points and a qualification rate of 86.65% (6 712/7 746). A total of 387 blood smears were re-reviewed from 2017 to 2022, with an overall coincidence of 96.38% (373/387) for malaria diagnosis and 95.06% (308/324) for parasite species identification, and there were no significant differences in the coincidence for either malaria diagnosis (χ<sup>2</sup> = 2.57, <i>P</i> > 0.05) or parasite species identification among years (χ<sup>2</sup> = 1.04, <i>P</i> > 0.05). A total of 384 whole blood samples were collected from district centers for disease control and prevention, and the detection of whole blood samples was 70.31% (270/384) in district centers for disease control and prevention. All 384 whole blood samples were re-reviewed by Shanghai Municipal Malaria Diagnostic Reference Laboratory using a multiplex PCR assay from 2017 to 2022, with an overall coincidence of 94.07% (254/270) for malaria diagnosis and 99.55% (223/224) for parasite species identification, and there were no significant differences in the coincidence for either malaria diagnosis (χ<sup>2</sup> = 5.77, <i>P</i> > 0.05) or parasite species identification among years (χ<sup>2</sup> = 8.37, <i>P</i> > 0.05). The overall coincidence rates of <i>Plasmodium</i>-positive and negative whole blood samples were 100.00% (224/224) and 65.22% (30/46) in district centers for disease control and prevention, with a significant difference (χ<sup>2</sup> = 82.82, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and there was a significant difference in the coincidence rate for identification of <i>P. falciparum</i>, <i>P. vivax</i>, <i>P. malariae</i> and <i>P. ovale</i> (χ<sup>2</sup> = 24.28, <i>P</i> < 0.001). A total of 1 584 blind blood smears subjected to microscopic examinations by centers for disease control and prevention and medical institutions across all districts in Shanghai Municipality from 2017 to 2022, with a 96.15% (1 523/1 584) correct rate for malaria diagnosis and 85.07% (","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"36 5","pages":"521-526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Trends in the distribution of <i>Oncomelania hupensis</i> in forestlands in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023].","authors":"Q Mao, C Sun, A Li, W Lu, X Lü, X Lu, Y Jin, Q Yu","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2023174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the changes in distribution of <i>Oncomelania hupensis</i> snails in forestlands in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of <i>O. hupensis</i> snail surveillance programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The reports on <i>O. hupensis</i> snail surveillance in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023 were collected, and the snail surveillance data in forestlands were extracted. The trends in the proportion of areas with snails in forestlands in total areas with snails, occurrence of frames with living snails and density of living snails were evaluated using a Joinpoint regression model in Songjiang District from 2009 to 2023, and the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 40 sites with snails were found in forestlands in 14 administrative villages of 4 townships, Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023. A total of 39 065 frames were surveyed for snails in settings covering an area of 609 600 m², and there were 6 084 frames with snails, covering 151 250 m² snail habitats. A total of 22 210 snails were captured, with the highest density of 260.00 snails/0.1 m², and 6 262 snails were dissected, with no <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> infection identified in snails. The proportion of areas with snails in forestlands in total areas with snails appeared a tendency towards a rise in forestlands in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023 (APC = AAPC = 24.9%, <i>P</i> > 0.05); however, there were no turning points in the trend curve, with the highest proportion seen in 2009 (53.81%), the lowest in 2011 and 2023 (both 0) and a mean proportion of 24.81%. The occurrence of frames with living snails appeared a tendency towards a rise from 2009 to 2023 (APC = AAPC = 41.5%, <i>P</i> > 0.05); however, there were no turning points in the trend curve, with the highest occurrence in 2009 (53.81%), the lowest in 2011 and 2013 (both 0), and the mean occurrence of 15.57%. In addition, the density of living snails appeared a tendency towards a rise from 2009 to 2023 (APC = AAPC = 55.0%, <i>P</i> > 0.05); however, there were no turning points in the trend curve, with the highest density in 2023 (0.96 snails/0.1 m²), the lowest in 2011 and 2013 (both 0), and a mean density of 0.57 snails/0.1 m².</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The difficulty in <i>O. hupensis</i> snail control and risk of imported snails appeared a tendency towards a rise in forestlands in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality over years from 2009 to 2023. Supervision and assessment prior to seedling transplantation and intensified surveillance post-transplantation are recommended to reduce the risk of <i>O. hupensis</i> snail importation and spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 2","pages":"165-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Trends in <i>Oncomelania hupensis</i> distribution in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 based on the Joinpoint regression model].","authors":"Y Xiong, H Wang, Y Li, J Zhang, S Wang, C Liu, H Luo","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2023149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the trends in <i>Oncomelania hupensis</i> distribution in Wuhan City, Hubei Province from 2003 to 2022, so as to provide insights into precision schistosomiasis control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data pertaining to <i>O. hupensis</i> snail survey in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 were collected. The trends in the proportion of areas with snail habitats, actual area with snail habitats, mean density of living snails and prevalence of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> infection in snails were evaluated in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 with the slope of trend curve (β), annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) using a Joinpoint regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in Wuhan City in 2005 and 2015, with a rise during the period from 2003 to 2005 (β₁ = 5.93, <i>t</i> = 1.280, <i>P</i> > 0.05), a decline from 2005 to 2015 (β₂ = -0.88, <i>t</i> = -2.074, <i>P</i> > 0.05) and a rise from 2015 to 2022 (β₃ = 1.46, <i>t</i> = -2.356, <i>P</i> < 0.05). During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in islet endemic areas of Wuhan City in 2006 and 2015, with no significant differences in the trends from 2003 to 2006 (β₁ = 4.64, <i>t</i> = 1.888, <i>P</i> > 0.05) or from 2006 to 2015 (β₂ = -1.45, <i>t</i> = -2.143, <i>P</i> > 0.05), and with a tendency towards a rise from 2015 to 2022 (β₃ = 2.04, <i>t</i> = -3.100, <i>P</i> < 0.05). During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in inner embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City in 2012 and 2020, with a tendency towards a decline from 2003 to 2012 (β₁ = -0.39, <i>t</i> = -4.608, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and with no significant differences in the trends from 2012 to 2020 (β₂ = 0.03, <i>t</i> = 0.245, <i>P</i> > 0.05) and from 2020 to 2022 (β₃ = 1.38, <i>t</i> = 1.479, <i>P</i> > 0.05). During the period from 2003 to 2022, the actual area with snail habitats all appeared a tendency towards a decline in Wuhan City, and in islet and inner embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (AAPC = -2.39%, -5.75% and -2.35%, all <i>P</i> values < 0.05). The mean density of living snails reduced from 0.087 snails/0.1 m² in 2003 to 0.027 snails/0.1 m² in 2022 in Wuhan City, with a significant difference in the tendency towards the decline (APC = AAPC = -11.47%, <i>P</i> < 0.05). The annual mean decline rate of the mean density of living snails was 17.36% in outside embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (APC = AAPC = -17.36%, <i>P</i> < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the trends in the mean density","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 2","pages":"159-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Collaboration between clinical and public health services: an important guarantee for consolidating malaria elimination achievements].","authors":"J Yin, L Zhang, Z Xia","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are still multiple challenges in China during the malaria post-elimination phase, including a large number of imported malaria cases with widespread distribution, low awareness of timely healthcare seeking, insufficient malaria diagnosis and treatment capacity of medical institutions and insufficient malaria surveillance and response capability of disease control and prevention institutions. As the core technical institutions for preventing the re-establishment of malaria transmission, both medical institutions and disease control and prevention institutions are required to enhance the collaboration between clinical and public health services, improve the malaria diagnosis and quality management system, intensify case identification and epidemiological investigations, and improve the management mechanism of antimalarial drug reserves. In addition, doctors are encouraged to become the main force in the health education and promotion of malaria prevention to improve the public health literacy. These approaches are recommended to improve the overall capability of timely identification, standardized treatment and effective response of imported malaria cases, so as to continuously consolidate the malaria elimination achievements in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 2","pages":"111-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of LAG3 deficiency on natural killer cell function and hepatic fibrosis in mice infected with <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i>].","authors":"R Zibigu, A Abidan, D Adilai, Y Li, X Kang, Q Yu, B Deng, X Zheng, M Wang, J Li, H Wang, C Zhang","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of LAG-3 deficiency (LAG3^-/-) on natural killer (NK) cell function and hepatic fibrosis in mice infected with <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 mice, each weighing (20 ± 2) g, were divided into the LAG3^-/- and wild type (WT) groups, and each mouse in both groups was inoculated with 3 000 <i>E. multilocularis</i> protoscoleces via the hepatic portal vein. Mouse liver and spleen specimens were collected 12 weeks post-infection, sectioned and stained with sirius red, and the hepatic lesions and fibrosis were observed. Mouse hepatic and splenic lymphocytes were isolated, and flow cytometry was performed to detect the proportions of hepatic and splenic NK cells, the expression of CD44, CD25 and CD69 molecules on NK cell surface, and the secretion of interferon γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10 and IL-17A.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sirius red staining showed widening of inflammatory cell bands and hyperplasia of fibrotic connective tissues around mouse hepatic lesions, as well as increased deposition of collagen fibers in the LAG3-/-group relative to the WT group. Flow cytometry revealed lower proportions of mouse hepatic (6.29% ± 1.06% vs. 11.91% ± 1.85%, <i>P</i> < 0.000 1) and splenic NK cells (4.44% ± 1.22% vs. 5.85% ± 1.10%, <i>P</i> > 0.05) in the LAG3^-/- group than in the WT group, and the mean fluorescence intensity of CD44 was higher on the surface of mouse hepatic NK cells in the LAG3^-/- group than in the WT group (<i>t</i> = -3.234, <i>P</i> < 0.01), while no significant differences were found in the mean fluorescence intensity of CD25 or CD69 on the surface of mouse hepaticNK cells between the LAG3^-/- and WT groups (both <i>P</i> values > 0.05). There were significant differences between the LAG3^-/- and WT groups in terms of the percentages of IFN-γ (<i>t</i> = -0.723, <i>P</i> > 0.05), TNF-α (<i>t</i> = -0.659, <i>P</i> > 0.05), IL-4 (<i>t</i> = -0.263, <i>P</i> > 0.05), IL-10 (<i>t</i> = -0.455, <i>P</i> > 0.05) or IL-17A secreted by mouse hepatic NK cells (<i>t</i> = 0.091, <i>P</i> > 0.05), and the percentage of IFN-γ secreted by mouse splenic NK cells was higher in the LAG3^-/- group than in the WT group (58.40% ± 1.64% vs. 50.40% ± 4.13%; <i>t</i> = -4.042, <i>P</i> < 0.01); however, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the proportions of TNF-α (<i>t</i> = -1.902, <i>P</i> > 0.05), IL-4 (<i>t</i> = -1.333, <i>P</i> > 0.05), IL-10 (<i>t</i> = -1.356, <i>P</i> > 0.05) or IL-17A secreted by mouse splenic NK cells (<i>t</i> = 0.529, <i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During the course of <i>E. multilocularis</i> infections, LAG3^-/- promotes high-level secretion of IFN-γ by splenic NK cells, which may participate in the reversal the immune function of NK cells, ","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 1","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[High-quality acceleration of the Chinese national schistosomiasis elimination programme to advance the building of Healthy China].","authors":"J Xu, Q Wang, K Yang, L Wen, T Wang, D Lin, J Liu, J Zhou, Y Liu, Y Dong, C Cao, S Li, X Zhou","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of achieving elimination of schistosomiasis across all endemic counties in China by 2030 was proposed in the <i>Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan</i>. On June 16, 2023, the <i>Action Plan to Accelerate the Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (2023</i>-<i>2030)</i> was jointly issued by National Disease Control and Prevention Administration and other 10 ministries, which deployed the targets and key tasks of the national schistosomiasis elimination programme in China. This article describes the progress of the national schistosomiasis control programme, analyzes the opportunities to eliminate schistosomiasis, and proposes targeted recommendations to tackle the challenges of schistosomiasis elimination, so as to accelerate the process towards schistosomiasis elimination and facilitate the building of a healthy China.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparison of the microbiota diversity between autogenous and anautogenous <i>Culex pipiens pallens</i>].","authors":"J Lei, W Lü, W Wang, H Wang, X Guo, P Cheng, M Gong, L Liu","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2023204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the microbiota composition and diversity between autogenous and anautogenous <i>Culex pipiens pallens</i>, so as to provide insights into unraveling the pathogenesis of autogeny in <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Autogenous and anautogenous adult <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i> samples were collected at 25 ℃, and the hypervariable regions of the microbial 16S ribosomal RNA (<i>16S rRNA</i>) gene was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencing platform. The microbiota abundance and diversity were evaluated using the alpha diversity index, and the difference in the microbiota structure was examined using the beta diversity index. The microbiota with significant differences in the abundance between autogenous and anautogenous adult <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i> samples was identified using the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The microbiota in autogenous and anautogenous <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i> samples belonged to 18 phyla, 28 classes, 70 orders, 113 families, and 170 genera, and the dominant phyla included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and so on. At the genus level, <i>Wolbachia</i> was a common dominant genus, and the relative abundance was (77.6 ± 11.3)% in autogenous <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i> samples and (47.5 ± 8.5)% in anautogenous mosquito samples, while <i>Faecalibaculum</i> (0.4% ± 0.1%), <i>Dubosiella</i> (0.5% ± 0.0%) and <i>Massilia</i> (0.5% ± 0.1%) were specific species in autogenous <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i> samples. Alpha diversity analysis showed that higher Chao1 index and ACE index in autogenous <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i> samples than in anautogenous samples (both <i>P</i> values > 0.05), and lower Shannon index (<i>P</i> > 0.05) and Simpson index (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in autogenous <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i> samples than in anautogenous samples. LEfSe analysis showed a total of 48 significantly different taxa between autogenous and anautogenous <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i> samples (all <i>P</i> values < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a significant difference in the microbiota diversity between autogenous and anautogenous <i>Cx. pipiens pallens</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 1","pages":"52-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dynamic observation on capillarization of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells induced by <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> infection].","authors":"R Zhang, J Xie, F Wei, X Mo, P Song, Y Cai, Y Lu, J Sun, Y Zhou, L Lin, T Zhang, M Chen","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2023243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the capillarization of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and its association with hepatic fibrosis during the development of alveolar echinococcosis, so as to provide the basis for unraveling the mechanisms underlying the role of LSEC in the development and prognosis of hepatic injuries and hepatic fibrosis caused by alveolar echinococcosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty C57BL/6 mice at ages of 6 to 8 weeks were randomly divided into a control group and 1-, 2- and 4-week infection groups, of 10 mice in each group. Each mouse in the infection groups was intraperitoneally injected with 2 000 <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> protoscoleces, while each mouse in the control group was given an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline using the same method. All mice were sacrificed 1, 2 and 4 weeks post-infection and mouse livers were collected. The pathological changes of livers were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and hepatic fibrosis was evaluated through semi-quantitative analysis of Masson's trichrome staining-positive areas. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition were examined using immunohistochemical staining of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), and the fenestrations on the surface of LSECs were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Primary LSECs were isolated from mouse livers, and the mRNA expression of LSEC marker genes <i>Stabilin-1</i>, <i>Stabilin-2</i>, <i>Ehd3</i>, <i>CD209b</i>, <i>GATA4</i> and <i>Maf</i> was quantified using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Destruction of local liver lobular structure was observed in mice 2 weeks post-infection with <i>E. multilocularis</i> protoscoleces, and hydatid cysts, which were surrounded by granulomatous tissues, were found in mouse livers 4 weeks post-infection. Semi-quantitative analysis of Masson's trichrome staining showed a significant difference in the proportion of collagen fiber contents in mouse livers among the four groups (<i>F</i> = 26.060, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and a higher proportion of collagen fiber contents was detected in mouse livers in the 4-week infection group [(11.29 ± 2.58)%] than in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Immunohistochemical staining revealed activation of a few HSCs and ECM deposition in mouse livers 1 and 2 weeks post-infection, and abundant brown-yellow stained α-SMA and COL1A1 were deposited in the lesion areas in mouse livers 4 weeks post-infection, which spread to surrounding tissues. Semi-quantitative analysis revealed significant differences in α-SMA (<i>F</i> = 7.667, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and COL1A1 expression (<i>F</i> = 6.530, <i>P</i> < 0.05) in mouse levers among the four groups, with higher α-SMA [(7.13 ± 3.68)%] and COL1A1 expression [(13.18 ± 7.20)%] quantified in mouse livers in the 4-week infection group than in the contr","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 1","pages":"34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Promoting implementation research and One Health approach to respond the four global health challenges: an interpretation of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) Strategy 2024-2029].","authors":"J Fang","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2023146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tropical diseases, notably neglected tropical diseases and infectious diseases of poverty, remain major health problems endangering the poorest and most-marginalized people in the world. The Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), which is co-sponsored by the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank, is an important programme that helps facilitate, support, guide and coordinate global efforts to combat tropical diseases. On July 2023, TDR formally issued its 2024-2029 strategy, which proposed the direction and proprieties of global tropical disease prevention and control in the next six years. Based on its original focus on supporting researchers and research institutions from low and middle-income countries to conduct research on tropical diseases and building their research capabilities, this strategy proposed some new developments, which mainly included incorporating tropical disease prevention and control into the overall framework of addressing major global health challenges and achieving the health goals set by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to combat tropical diseases and contribute to achieving health goals of SDGs in a collaborative and integrated manner; supporting implementation research and encouraging practitioners and social innovators to participate in research to enable generation of solutions that may be used to solve local health problems; promoting and encouraging the One Health concept and interdisciplinary and cross-departmental collaboration; shifting gradually its focus from disease prevention and control to addressing the health needs of the poorest and most-marginalized populations. These new developments deserve the attention of personnel and institutions in China dedicated to the prevention and control of tropical diseases in order to help their future researches and activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 1","pages":"13-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Latest advances in the development of tuberculosis vaccines in global clinical trials: a review].","authors":"F Zhou, Y Zhang, D Zhang","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023102","DOIUrl":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the biggest infectious killers worldwide. Vaccine is the most satisfactory tool for prevention of TB; however, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the widely used vaccine in clinical for the prevention of TB, has limitations in protective effects. Development of novel TB vaccines is therefore of urgent need. Currently, there are 15 novel TB vaccine candidates in clinical trials, including live-attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines and viral-vectored vaccines, which open the door for the ultimate target of the End TB Strategy. This review summarizes the latest advances in the development of TB vaccines in global clinical trials, so as to provide insights into TB control.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 2","pages":"201-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}