Alireza Sharif, Hamed Haddad Kashani, Mohammad Reza Sharif
{"title":"Association of 25-hydroxy vitamin D with asthma and its severity in children: a case-control study.","authors":"Alireza Sharif, Hamed Haddad Kashani, Mohammad Reza Sharif","doi":"10.1186/s12948-020-00122-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-020-00122-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Universally, asthma has high prevalence rates and this has led numerous studies done into its causes. Despite extensive study on asthma the association between 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25(OH) vit. D) and asthma remains uncertain. In this study, the associations of 25(OH) vit. D levels with asthma and with the severity of asthma were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a case-control study performed in 2015 in the city of Isfahan. In this study 520 children were studied. Children with asthma were classified as cases and children who were referred for reasons other than respiratory problems and asthma were considered as controls. Serum 25 (OH) vit. D levels were then examined and compared between the two groups. Differences among groups were stated to be statistically significant when <i>P</i>-values < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 260 asthmatic children and 260 controls in the present study. The mean 25 (OH) vit. D levels in the case group was 25.5 ± 16.62 and 16.76 ± 31.40 the control group and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). 25(OH) vit. D levels were found to be 28.05 ± 16.98 in non-severe asthma and 21.41 ± 15.20 in severe asthma. Consequently 25(OH) vit. D level had inverse relationship with asthma severity (P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As the results of this study showed, the lower level of 25(OH) vit. D correlated with the higher severity of asthma manifestations. Therefore, it is recommended that 25(OH) vit. D levels get routinely checked especially in severe asthma cases and if the deficiency presents, appropriate therapeutic measures be used to reduce the asthma severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-020-00122-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37919893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kawa Amin, Sulaf Mosa Issa, Kosar Mohammad Ali, Muaid Ismiel Aziz, Huner Mohamed Hama Amieen, Jonas Bystrom, Christer Janson
{"title":"Evidence for eosinophil and IL-17 mediated inflammation in allergic rhinitis.","authors":"Kawa Amin, Sulaf Mosa Issa, Kosar Mohammad Ali, Muaid Ismiel Aziz, Huner Mohamed Hama Amieen, Jonas Bystrom, Christer Janson","doi":"10.1186/s12948-020-00117-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-020-00117-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim was to determine the level of inflammatory cytokines, eosinophil cationic protein and IgE in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Blood samples were taken from 88 AR patients and 88 healthy controls (HC). Each sample was analysed for eosinophil counts by flow cytometry, IgE by ECLIA, ECP, IL-17, and IL-33 by using ELISA test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference between AR patients and the control group in age and gender. Levels of eosinophils, IgE, ECP, IL-17, IL-33 and the total symptom scores were significantly higher in AR patients than the HC (<i>P </i>=<i> 0.0001</i>). Serum ECP correlated with IL-17 (P = 0.041, r = 0.42), IL-33 (P = 0.0001, r = 080), and IgE levels (P = 0.017, r = 0.45) in the R patients. There was no correlation between IL-17 and IL-33. There was a correlation between symptom scores and eosinophils (P = 0.026, r = 0.52), and IgE (P = 0.001, r = 0.60) in the patients. No correlation was observed between symptom scores and ECP, IL-17, and IL-33 in the AR patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with AR have significant higher serum levels of ECP, IL-17, and IL-33 than healthy controls. This indicates that these markers could be used to in order to diagnose AR and to monitor disease. Inhibitory molecules to IL-17 and IL-33 may be considered as novel treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-020-00117-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37825674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The gut microbiota, environmental factors, and links to the development of food allergy.","authors":"Khui Hung Lee, Yong Song, Weidong Wu, Kan Yu, Guicheng Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12948-020-00120-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-020-00120-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food allergy appears to have its roots in an insufficient exposure to a diverse range of environmental microbiota during early life. Microbial exposure ensures the colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with commensal microbes, which is necessary for the induction of a balanced and tolerogenic immune function. High-throughput sequencing technology has facilitated in-depth studies of the gut microbiota as well as bacterial-derived metabolites. Although the role of the microbiota in allergies is now widely studied, its importance for food allergy was only recently noted. Studies in human cohorts have shown that there is an association of dysbiosis and pathogenesis of food allergy, while studies from animal models have demonstrated the capacity of specific species in the gut microbiota to alter immune response, which may lead to the desensitization of food allergy. This article reviews the role of the gut microbiota in food allergy, and discusses the influence of environmental factors as well as prevention and management strategies relating to such regulatory mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-020-00120-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37812786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Near-fatal anaphylaxis with Kounis syndrome caused by <i>Argas reflexus</i> bite: a case report.","authors":"Elisa Boni, Cristoforo Incorvaia","doi":"10.1186/s12948-020-00121-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-020-00121-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pigeon tick <i>Argas reflexus</i> is a temporary parasite of pigeons. It bites during night hours and lies briefly on its prey, as long as it takes the blood meal. When pigeons are not accessible, ticks look for other hosts, invading nearby flats and biting humans.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present the case of a woman aged 46 years who experienced severe anaphylaxis during the night which required emergency medical treatment, tracheal intubation and hospitalization in intensive care unit. Kounis syndrome was documented by transient ST depression and elevation of troponin. The allergological work up ruled out hypersensitivity to drugs, latex and foods containing alpha-gal, which is a cause of anaphylaxis. Basal serum tryptase was in normal range (8.63 ng/ml). When questioned about the presence of ticks, the patient brought into view various specimens of ticks that were recognized by an entomologist as <i>Argas reflexus</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An in vitro diagnosis of allergy to <i>Argas reflexus</i> is currently not feasible because, though the major allergen Arg r 1 has been isolated, allergen extracts are not commercially available. Therefore, the diagnosis of anaphylaxis from <i>Argas reflexus</i>, when other causes of anaphylaxis are excluded, must rely only on history and clinical findings, as well as on the presence of pigeons and/or pigeon ticks in the immediate domestic environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-020-00121-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37765635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel Husmann, John B Davies, Malik Ghannam, Brent Berry, Praful Kelkar
{"title":"Fingolimod-associated macular edema controlled with nepafenac non-steroidal anti-inflammatory opthalmologic applications.","authors":"Rachel Husmann, John B Davies, Malik Ghannam, Brent Berry, Praful Kelkar","doi":"10.1186/s12948-020-00119-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-020-00119-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fingolimod, an immunomodulatory agent, is used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Fingolimod-associated macular edema (FAME) is a known complication with an incidence of 0.4%. The current recommendation for treatment of FAME is cessation of fingolimod. There are few case reports with management of FAME with steroid eye drops.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 38-year-old Caucasian female patient with history of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and treated with fingolimod developed Fingolimod-associated macular edema (FAME). Nevertheless, FAME was successfully treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops without discontinuation of fingolimod.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FAME may be managed with non-steroidal eye drops without discontinuation of fingolimod in appropriate patient monitored with close follow up.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-020-00119-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37753216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Salvatore Leonardi, Giorgio Ciprandi, Angelo Corsico, Amelia Licari, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice, Diego Peroni, Carmelo Salpietro, Gian Luigi Marseglia
{"title":"Cetirizine use in childhood: an update of a friendly 30-year drug.","authors":"Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Salvatore Leonardi, Giorgio Ciprandi, Angelo Corsico, Amelia Licari, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice, Diego Peroni, Carmelo Salpietro, Gian Luigi Marseglia","doi":"10.1186/s12948-020-00118-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-020-00118-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cetirizine is a second-generation antihistamine, derived from the metabolism of hydroxyzine, highly specific for the H1 receptors, and with marked antiallergic properties. Although its history began more than 30 years ago, it remains one of the most used drugs in children with a leading role in the medical care of children with allergic diseases. Cetirizine use is licensed for paediatric patients for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, and chronic spontaneous urticaria, in Europe in children older than 2 years old and in the USA in children older than 6 months old. This review provides a practical update on the use of cetirizine in children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-020-00118-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37702564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F Papia, C Incorvaia, L Genovese, S Gangemi, P L Minciullo
{"title":"Allergic reactions to genus <i>Morus</i> plants: a review.","authors":"F Papia, C Incorvaia, L Genovese, S Gangemi, P L Minciullo","doi":"10.1186/s12948-020-00116-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-020-00116-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mulberry is a plant belonging to the family <i>Moraceae</i>, and genus <i>Morus</i>. Allergic sensitization to mulberries has been reported as both food allergy or respiratory allergy, and cross-reactivity between mulberries and other pollens or fruits was described. Clinically, in the articles reporting mulberry allergy, the reactions included respiratory allergy, airborne contact urticaria, anaphylaxis, oral allergy syndrome, and food induced urticaria. As far as cross-reactivity is concerned, the allergens identified thus far in mulberries include pathogenesis-related (PR)10 proteins, with sequence identity to Bet v 1 from birch, lipid transfer (LTP)1 proteins with identity with LTPs from Rosaceae family plants, panallergens groups, and also ubiquitin-like protein and cystatin-like protein. The two latter proteins account for cross-reactions with <i>Parietaria judaica</i> and <i>Olea europaea</i>. Such large cross-reactivity warrants to pay particular attention to the risk of systemic reactions to foods, particularly in subjects sensitized to birch, parietaria or olive pollens. In fact, the increasing use of mulberry as a food product, which is encouraged by its remarkable antioxidant power, expose sensitized patients to possible reactions after ingesting foods, dietary supplements or nutraceuticals containing mulberry. Mulberry allergenicity can vary according to the processing methods used since some allergens are thermostable and other loss their reactivity during heating.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-020-00116-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37678010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonio Pecoraro, Ludovica Crescenzi, Maria Rosaria Galdiero, Giancarlo Marone, Felice Rivellese, Francesca Wanda Rossi, Amato de Paulis, Arturo Genovese, Giuseppe Spadaro
{"title":"Immunosuppressive therapy with rituximab in common variable immunodeficiency.","authors":"Antonio Pecoraro, Ludovica Crescenzi, Maria Rosaria Galdiero, Giancarlo Marone, Felice Rivellese, Francesca Wanda Rossi, Amato de Paulis, Arturo Genovese, Giuseppe Spadaro","doi":"10.1186/s12948-019-0113-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-019-0113-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent symptomatic primary antibody deficiency in adulthood and is characterized by the marked reduction of IgG and IgA serum levels. Thanks to the successful use of polyvalent immunoglobulin replacement therapy to treat and prevent recurrent infections, non-infectious complications, including autoimmunity, polyclonal lymphoproliferation and malignancies, have progressively become the major cause of morbidity and mortality in CVID patients. The management of these complications is particularly challenging, often requiring multiple lines of immunosuppressive treatments. Over the last 5-10 years, the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (i.e., rituximab) has been increasingly used for the treatment of both autoimmune and non-malignant lymphoproliferative manifestations associated with CVID. This review illustrates the evidence on the use of rituximab in CVID. For this purpose, first we discuss the mechanisms proposed for the rituximab mediated B-cell depletion; then, we analyze the literature data regarding the CVID-related complications for which rituximab has been used, focusing on autoimmune cytopenias, granulomatous lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) and non-malignant lymphoproliferative syndromes. The cumulative data suggest that in the vast majority of the studies, rituximab has proven to be an effective and relatively safe therapeutic option. However, there are currently no data on the long-term efficacy and side effects of rituximab and other second-line therapeutic options. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to optimize the management strategies of non-infectious complications of CVID.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"17 ","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-019-0113-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37235344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillermo Til-Pérez, Claudio Carnevale, Pedro Luis Sarría-Echegaray, Diego Arancibia-Tagle, Sendy Chugo-Gordillo, Manuel David Tomás-Barberán
{"title":"Sensitization profile in patients with respiratory allergic diseases: differences between conventional and molecular diagnosis (a cross-sectional study).","authors":"Guillermo Til-Pérez, Claudio Carnevale, Pedro Luis Sarría-Echegaray, Diego Arancibia-Tagle, Sendy Chugo-Gordillo, Manuel David Tomás-Barberán","doi":"10.1186/s12948-019-0112-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-019-0112-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) allows to identify single molecular allergen components, and constitutes a routine practice in many allergy units. However, skin prick test (SPT) remains the technique of choice in many otorhinolaryngology departments, thus increasing the risk of using inadequate immunotherapies in patients with respiratory allergies. This study aimed to compare sensitization profiles determined by SPT and CRD in patients with respiratory allergy, and to explore the relationship between sensitization and type and severity of the respiratory disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional, multicenter study of patients admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology Department due to symptoms of respiratory allergy. Extracts from various house dust mites, pollens, and molds were tested by SPT, whereas IgE against the corresponding antigens were measured by CRD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 101 patients. The sensitization profile obtained by SPT had low agreement with that of CRD, particularly to dust mite allergens (<i>Dermatophagoides</i> sp.) and pollens (<i>Plantago lanceolata</i>, <i>Olea europaea</i>, and <i>Cupressus sempervirens</i>). While SPT did not show any significant relationship between sensitization and type/severity of the respiratory disease, CRD allowed to associate Der p 1, Der f 1 and Lep d 2 sensitizations with asthma, and Der p 2, Der f 2 and Lep d 2 sensitizations with more severe symptoms of allergic rhinitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with SPT, CRD enables to describe a more accurate sensitization profile and to identify associations between symptoms and specific antigens. The routine use of CRD in an otorhinolaryngology setting may benefit the management of patients with respiratory allergy.<i>Trial registration</i> IB 3108/15 (Retrospectively registered).</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"17 ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-019-0112-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37225648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Therese Sterner, Ada Uldahl, Åke Svensson, Magnus P Borres, Sigrid Sjölander, Alf Tunsäter, Jonas Björk, Cecilia Svedman, Magnus Bruze, Laura von Kobyletzki, Hampus Kiotseridis
{"title":"IgE sensitization in a cohort of adolescents in southern Sweden and its relation to allergic symptoms.","authors":"Therese Sterner, Ada Uldahl, Åke Svensson, Magnus P Borres, Sigrid Sjölander, Alf Tunsäter, Jonas Björk, Cecilia Svedman, Magnus Bruze, Laura von Kobyletzki, Hampus Kiotseridis","doi":"10.1186/s12948-019-0110-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-019-0110-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a strong and consistent association between IgE sensitization and allergy, wheeze, eczema and food hypersensitivity. These conditions are also found in non-sensitized humans, and sensitization is found among individuals without allergy-related diseases. The aim of this study was to analyse the sensitization profile in a representative sample of the population, and to relate patterns of allergens and allergen components to allergic symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population of 195 adolescents took part in this clinical study, which included a self-reported questionnaire and in vitro IgE testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sensitization to airborne allergens was significantly more common than sensitization to food allergens, 43% vs. 14%, respectively. IgE response was significantly higher in airborne allergens among adolescents with rhinitis (p < 0.001) and eczema (p < 0.01). Among 53 children with allergic symptoms according to the questionnaire, 60% were sensitized. Sensitization to food allergens was found among those with rhinitis, but only to PR-10 proteins. None of the participants had IgE to seed storage proteins.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adolescents in this study, taken from a normal Swedish population, were mainly sensitized to grass pollen and rarely to specific food allergens. The major grass pollen allergen Phl p 1 was the main sensitizer, followed by Cyn d 1 and Phl p 2. Sixty-one percent reporting any allergic symptom were sensitized, and the allergen components associated with wheeze and rhinoconjunctivitis were Fel d 4, Der f 2 and Can f 5.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"17 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-019-0110-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37327866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}