Otorhinolaryngology Clinics最新文献

{"title":"SLIP-endoscopy in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea","authors":"V. V. Skorobogatyi, Oleksii I. Tyllia, D. M. Kokorkin, A. A. Gusakova, N. A. Kolyada, P. P. Shevluk","doi":"10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-67","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: the relationship between the clinical manifestations of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and the functional characteristics of the upper respiratory tract (URP).\u0000Materials and methods: During 2021-2022, 20 patients with snoring and OSA underwent sleep endoscopy. Slip endoscopy data were evaluated according to the NOHL and VOTE systems.\u0000Results: According to the VOTE system, obstruction at the level of the soft palate was noted in 15 patients, and in 3 patients it was total. Anteroposterior (n=10), concentric (n=3), lateral (n=3) narrowing (by shape) was found at the level of the soft palate. At the level of the root of the tongue in 15 patients there was no obstruction, in 1 it was total, in 4 it was partial. In 15 patients, the level of the epiglottis remained intact, in 1 there was total obstruction, in 4 - partial obstruction.\u0000Conclusion: The correlation between the degree of severity of OSA and the level and form of narrowing was noted. For OSAS of a mild degree, the most characteristic is an isolated anteroposterior narrowing only at the level of the soft palate. With OSAS of moderate degree, the combination of anteroposterior obstruction only at the level of the soft palate and partial obstruction only at the level of the root of the tongue is most common. Concentric narrowing only at the level of the soft palate and total only at the level of the root of the tongue is characteristic of severe OSAS.","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74446603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathophysiological aspects of the mechanisms of action of osteotropic drugs in an in vitro experiment on the blood mononuclear cells of patients with frontal bone injuries","authors":"Oleksandr D. Bondarchuk, O. Melnikov, Мarina D. Timchenko, N. Didyk","doi":"10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-47","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Pathogenetic treatment of head injuries should be based on the development of post-traumat ic disease, including the role of immune reactions in bone matrix regeneration processes. Repair of bone structures depends on activating stimuli from cells of the immune system. Currently, there is research on the importance of vitamin D in metabolic processes in mesenchymal tissue that affect the formation of the bone matrix and general mineralization of bones, as well as the drug osteogenon, the basis of which are ossein-hydroxyapatite compounds, which stimulate local regulators of bone tissue remodelling and calcium-phosphorus metabolism. Taking into account these data, it will be appropriate to determine the effect of drugs on the processes of bone tissue regeneration in patients with injuries of the frontal bone.\u0000Purpose: to determine the effect of various drugs used in the treatment of frontal skull injuries on the pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammation (interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, γ-interferon), stabilization of cell membranes, and the level of regenerative cytokines.\u0000Materials and methods: The authors conducted immunological studies on the determination of cytokine factors of inflammation and regeneration in 29 patients with frontal bone injury under the influence of various osteotropic drugs: ossein-hydroxyapatite compounds, osteogenon and vitamin D3 (water-soluble form – aquadetrim), both individually and in combination with each other. The research was carried out in an in vitro experiment in RPMI-1640 medium (Serva, Germany) with blood mononuclear cells from patients. γ-interferon), anti-inflammatory regeneration factor (transforming growth factor-TGF-1β). In the conditions of the experiment, the membrane-protective properties of the above-mentioned osteotropic drugs were investigated on cultures of peritoneal tissue basophils under the conditions of using protamine sulfate as a damaging factor.\u0000Results and discussion: it was established that osteogenon and aquadetrim (vit. D3) have a positive effect on the production of cytokines by mononuclear cells in the blood of patients with TLC: they reduce the level of in vitro pro-inflammatory production and increase the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, especially when used together. Protamine sulphate (liberator) was able to destroy 61% of tissue basophils, SK and osteogenon reduced this percentage, but not reliably. Reliable data were obtained under the action of vitamin, and combinations of ossein-hydroxyapatite compounds + vitamin and osteogenon + vitamin (р=0.01). The use of a general mixture of all drugs did not cancel the effect of liberation of TB. It can be assumed that the main membrane protector is vitamin D3 in the form of a water-soluble form – aquadetrim, which has various directions of pathophysiological influence on the mechanisms of inflammation and regeneration.\u0000Conclusions: The growth factor was better stimulated with a mixture of all drugs (~1.7 μg/ml","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84639282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cochlear implantation: features and complications","authors":"V. Berezniuk, O. Kovtunenko, Ihor V. Berezniuk, A. Zaitsev","doi":"10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-15","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The most effective method of treatment for patients with severe hearing loss is cochlear implantation (CI), in which various non-standard surgical situations can occur, as well as early or late complications.\u0000Purpose: to conduct an analysis of complications and non-standard surgical situations during CI and develop recommendations for their avoidance.\u0000Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 138 disease histories of adults (7) and children (131) with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and deafness, who underwent CI between 2006 and 2021, was conducted. Medel (112) and Neurelec (26) implants were installed.\u0000Results: After CI surgery, there were 9 patients with \"minor\" complications who were successfully treated with traditional methods. Also, 4 cases of \"major\" complications were noted: in a 4-year-old child, the failure of the device was observed due to trauma and damage to the reference electrode, in three cases, obliteration of the cochlea progressed in patients after meningitis, which led to hearing impairment. Complications during the operation occurred in 3 patients who had concomitant pathology (previous meningitis, chronic otitis).\u0000Conclusions: Cochlear implantation is generally a safe and effective treatment for severe hearing loss, but there are potential complications that both doctors and patients should be aware of. These complications can occur during surgery or in the postoperative period and manifest themselves from minor changes, such as separation of sutures, tinnitus, dizziness, to more serious problems - failure of the device, obliteration of the cochlea, or even damage to the facial nerve. To reduce the likelihood of complications, it is necessary to strictly follow the existing protocols of preoperative examination of the patient, especially in patients with concomitant pathology.","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84370345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective markers of allergic inflammation","authors":"A. Mousa, J. Deyeva","doi":"10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-30","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: According to the results of modern research, allergic rhinitis (AR) affects 10% to 40% of the population. There is a need for an effective objective and dynamic method of assessing the quality of treatment of such patients.\u0000Purpose: to assess the relationship between the level of eosinophil cationic protein (ECB), VAS indicators, nasocytogram, Phadiatop inhalation allergy screening and disease activity in patients with allergic rhinitis.\u0000Methods and materials: Two research groups were created. The main group – 48 patients with allergic rhinitis in a state of exacerbation, the control group – 41 people with chronic rhinitis without manifestations of allergies and the absence of allergic rhinitis in the anamnesis. In both groups, the level of eosinophil cationic protein, the level of blood eosinophils, a nasocytogram was performed, the Phadiatop inhalation allergy screening was determined, and the patients noted their condition according to the VAS. Patients from the 1st study group formed a self-control group, which was examined after treatment for 2 weeks.\u0000Results: Indicators of the level of eosinophil cationic protein, the level of eosinophils in the blood and nasal mucosa, the Phadiatop inhalation allergy screening index in patients of the main group are statistically significantly higher compared to the indicators of patients in the control group. Patients of the main group were divided into two subgroups. The first subgroup included patients with a mild form of allergy and a VAS score of less than 5 points. They received treatment with topical corticosteroid mometasone furoate. The second subgroup included patients with moderate and severe allergic rhinitis and a VAS score of more than 5 points. They received treatment with topical corticosteroid mometasone furoate in combination with a blocker of H1-histamine receptors of cetirizine hydrochloride. The evaluation of indicators after 2 weeks of treatment revealed the presence of a strong positive correlation (0.796) of the dynamics of eosinophil cationic protein and VAS, an average positive correlation (0.518) of the dynamics of blood eosinophils and VAS, an average positive correlation (0.641 ) indicators of the dynamics of the percentage of eosinophils among inflammatory cells according to the nasocytogram and VAS, the Phadiatop inhalation allergy screening indicator does not change much.\u0000Conclusions: Patients' assessment of their condition according to VAS before and after treatment for two weeks has the highest correlation with the eosinophil cationic protein index and medium correlation with the level of eosinophils in the blood and in the nasal mucosa according to nasocytogram data. The Phadiatop Inhalation Allergy Screening Rate does not change much. The degree of increase or decrease in the level of eosinophil cationic protein makes it possible to assess with high accuracy the severity of an exacerbation of allergic rhinitis and monitor the effectiveness of patient treatm","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91320392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complaints of patients with unilateral and bilateral motion disorders of the larynx","authors":"T. Shidlovskaya, T. B. Zemliak, T. V. Volkova, Daria M. Kuleshova","doi":"10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-54","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: In the structure of diseases of the vocal apparatus, paresis and paralysis of the larynx make up a significant share. The most common cause of peripheral paresis and paralysis of the larynx is surgical trauma to the laryngeal nerves during operations, primarily due to thyroid gland diseases. A stable trend towards an increase in the number of patients with thyroid neoplasms, an indicator of the prevalence of thyroid cancer among the population of Ukraine after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, causes an increase in the number of patients with paralytic laryngeal stenosis in our country.\u0000Despite the improvement of surgical methods of treatment of diseases of the thyroid gland, a significant decrease in the number of patients with paresis and paralysis of the larynx is not observed.\u0000The purpose of the study: to study the complaints of patients with unilateral and bilateral motor disorders of the larynx.\u0000Materials and methods: Examined: 55 patients with bilateral movement disorders of the larynx (group 1); 51 patients with bilateral movement disorders of the larynx after applied surgical treatment, namely endoscopic unilateral chordoaryte\u0000noidotomy (group 2); 24 persons with unilateral movement disorders of the larynx (group 3). During the survey, both complaints of a local nature, from the vocal apparatus, and general complaints were evaluated - those that can reflect the general state of the body, primarily of the cardiovascular and central nervous systems.\u0000Results: In the examined patients with motor disorders of the larynx, complaints were most often found, which indicated a change in sonority, strength and timbre of the voice, in particular, hoarseness of varying degrees of severity, disruption of \"sound\", narrowing of the range, decrease in voice sonority. In particular, 66.7% of examined patients with unilateral paresis\u0000(group 3) complained of moderate hoarseness, 25% of them noted minor hoarseness, and 8.3% - pronounced hoarseness. In 1 group of patients with bilateral motor disorders of the larynx before chordoarytenoidotomy, 60.0% defined hoarseness as moderate, 23.6% as pronounced, and 16.4% as insignificant. However, after surgical treatment (group 2 – patients with bilateral paresis and paralysis of the larynx after chordoarytenoidotomy), an increase in the number of patients with pronounced hoarseness was determined to 53.0% of cases, and the number of patients in this group who complained of minor hoarseness was only 9.8 %.\u000054.5% of people in the first group, 74.5% in the second group, and 75.0% in the third group complained about \"voice fatigue\". In the first group, 70.9% of patients had a \"disruption\" of sound, in the second group - 64.7%, in the third - 50.0%, respectively. Many patients characterized the voice as one that \"sits down\" closer to the evening, noted the deterioration of the quality of the voice in humid and warm weather. 32.7% of people in the first group and 50% of people in the third grou","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76790052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of hyperplastic antrochoanal polyp in pediatric practice","authors":"N. B. Sonnik, S. Bezshapochny, Valerii O. Balynskyi","doi":"10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-72","url":null,"abstract":"A 14-year-old boy came to the children's ENT department with complaints of the absence of nasal breathing on the right side and sharp difficulty in nasal breathing on the opposite side. During pharyngoscopy, a neoplasm of pale pink colour was visible, elastic, without signs of bumpiness, which continued to the middle of the oropharynx. This clinical case shows that an antrochoanal polyp of this size is an exception in paediatric practice.\u0000During the surgical intervention, the part of the polyp that reached the nasopharynx and oropharynx was able to be removed with the help of Brunings forceps. Further operational tactic was standard.","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89707753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of endotype-oriented pharmacotherapy of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis on quality of life indices","authors":"I. Koshel, Yaroslav R. Maksymenko","doi":"10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-38","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a clinical syndrome including several clinical phenotypes and endotypes with differences in pathophysiology. CRS with nasal polyposis (NP) is the most severe CRS phenotype associated with a significant influence on the patients’ quality of life. Peculiarities of the endotype of CRS with NP justify the use of aminocapronic acid (ACA) not only for preoperative preparation, but also as a means of pharmacotherapy.\u0000Aim: assessment of the dynamics of the life quality of patients with CRS with NP, with the addit ional prescription of aminocapronic acid in comparison with standard therapy according to clinical recommendations.\u0000Material and methods: The study included 120 outpatients, divided into two groups: the main (n=60) and control (n= 60) ones. Patients were prescribed basic treatment (irrigation therapy with saline solutions and mometasone furoate), and in the main group additionally aminocapronic acid (ACA). The evaluation of the treatment effectiveness was based on the analysis of the dynamics of clinical symptoms: decreased sense of smell, sleep disturbances, reduced work capacity, as well as the total number of points according to SNOT-22 at V2 (5±1), V3 (10±1), V4 (20±1) and V5 (30±1) compared to V0. Indications for surgical treatment were determined at V3.\u0000Results: The use of aminocapronic acid in CRS with NP promotes significant decrease of the severity of the main clinical symptoms and improvement of the quality of patients’ life in the main group at V2 and V3 compared to the control group. This provided a statistically significant increase at 25% in the number of patients who were performed conservative treatment further (p<0.05). After the removal of the operated patients, the groups statistically did not differ significantly in terms of the dynamics of life quality indices at V4 and V5 (p>0.05).\u0000Differences in the results of treatment are attributed to the clinical effects of ACA, since the group characteristics of the patients were comparable.\u0000Conclusions: the use of ACA in addition to the basic therapy for patients with CRS with NP, contributes to a reliable improvement of life quality indices compared to patients of the control group; reliable positive dynamics of life quality allows a 25% increase in the patients who continue to be performed pharmacotherapy.","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79094272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of etiopathogenetic factors in the development and progression of perceptual hearing loss","authors":"Margaryta R. Amirkhanova, J. Deyeva","doi":"10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2023-1-24","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Sensorineural deafness is a polyetiological disease. The most studied etiopathogenesis factors are vascular, acoustic and age. Despite numerous studies, the factors of the development and progression of chronic sensorineural hearing loss, as well as tinnitus, remains unclear in 25-30% of cases.\u0000Purpose: to determine the most influential factors in the development and progression of sensorineural hearing loss in patients who work in conditions of increased sound load.\u0000Methods and materials: The study was conducted on the basis of the Kyiv Clinical Hospital on Railway Transport No. 2, as a division of the Department of Otolaryngology of the O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University. We conducted an examination of 678 patients who work under conditions of increased acoustic load (drivers, drivers' assistants, fitters, railway track fitters) with the aim of identifying perceptual disorders and analyzing the etiopathogenesis factors of chronic sensorineural hearing loss. Further examinations were carried out in 89 patients who had perceptual disorders.\u0000Results: The first degree of deafness was detected in 75.3% of patients, the second and third - in 12.35% each. The largest number was made up of patients aged 56 to 65 years, but even among those examined up to 45 years of age, there were 2 cases of third-degree hearing loss. The correlation between age and the degree of deafness in patients with perceptual disorders, as well as age and decreased whisper perception was weakly positive: 0.167 and 0.261, respectively; The relationship between indicators of work experience and the degree of hearing loss, as well as work experience and a decrease in the perception of whispered speech – the average degree of severity is 0.382 and 0.476, respectively. These data were confirmed with the help of two-factor analysis.\u0000Conclusions: Among patients with perceptual disorders who work in conditions of increased sound load, the largest number was aged 56-65 with more than 30 years of experience and had the first degree of hearing loss. The relationship between hearing impairment and age and work experience was found to be weak and medium, respectively. 11.1% of cases of third-degree hearing loss were found among patients under 45 years of age and with a work experience of up to 30 years. This may indicate the presence of other factors in them, for example, genetic disorders, which significantly affect the development and progression of sensorineural hearing loss and require further research.","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82704936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous sphenoid mucocele in a 6-year-old child","authors":"A. Giunta, F. Candelori, G. Zambonini, Salvatore Catalano, C. Cassandro, A. Albera, A. Scarpa, P. Viola, A. Cortese, F. Ricciardiello, E. Cassandro","doi":"10.23736/s2724-6302.21.02399-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6302.21.02399-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89015213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologics in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: a real-life experience","authors":"S. Millarelli, A. Loperfido, Cristina Giorgione, A. Celebrini, M. Del Ninno, Loreta Di Michele, G. Bellocchi","doi":"10.23736/s2724-6302.22.02454-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6302.22.02454-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78094135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}