Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"A new way of analyzing tooth movement using universal coordinate system geometry single point superposition in a 3D model.","authors":"Rodrigo Xavier Silveira de Souza,&nbsp;Gustavo Almeida Silveira de Souza,&nbsp;João Pacheco Colares,&nbsp;Tânia Mara de Souza Ianni,&nbsp;Cláudia Silami de Magalhães,&nbsp;José Alejandro Guerrero-Vargas,&nbsp;Carina Cristina Montalvany-Antonucci,&nbsp;Soraia Macari","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e232333.oar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e232333.oar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Superposing 3D models is an imminent need. However, current methods rely on marking multiple points on the maxilla and mandible, which could increase point marking and overlapping errors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed at developing a method for superimposing 3D models of the maxillary and mandibular arches with Autodesk Inventor® engineering software, using a single universal coordinate system (UCS) point superposition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 104 STL (stereolithography) models of the maxillary and mandibular arches exported from My iTero® platform were retrospectively selected, in which T0 and T1 were the initial and refinement periods, respectively (n=26 per group). The X, Y, and Z coordinates associated with a single point in each arch were inserted into the models with SlicerCMF® software for model orientation. The arch models with UCS registration were transferred to Autodesk Inventor® for superimposition and to measure tooth movements performed during Invisalign® treatment. Arch expansion, intrusion and rotation were analyzed by two examiners. The statistics were performed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Dahlberg's formula, and t-test (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A reliable method of superimposing 3D digital models using a single UCS point in the maxilla and mandible was developed. ICC showed excellent intra- and inter-examiner correlation (ICC>0.90). A systematic error was not found concerning linear and angular measurements (<1mm and <1.5°, respectively). Digital dental movements could be analyzed, including arch expansion, dental intrusion, and tooth rotation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The developed method was proven reliable and reproducible for superimposing 3D models of the maxillary and mandibular arches by using UCS system.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"28 4","pages":"e232333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10564451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41215255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is teledentistry effective to monitor the evolution of orthodontic treatment? A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Darlyane Kellen Barros Torres,&nbsp;Milena Cristina Costa Dos Santos,&nbsp;David Normando","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e2322195.oar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e2322195.oar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With the advent of COVID-19, teledentistry and remote monitoring have become an imminent reality that allows orthodontists to monitor orthodontic treatment through virtual checkups, which complement in-office appointments.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of using teledentistry in monitoring the evolution of orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Searches were performed in on-line databases. PECO strategy focused on comparing orthodontic patients exposed and not exposed to teledentistry. Searches and data extraction followed PRISMA guidelines. The assessment of the risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence was performed using the ROBINS-I and GRADE tools, respectively. A meta-analysis was also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1,178 records found, 4 met the criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. The risk of bias for follow-up assesment in aligner treatment was low to moderate; while for interceptive treatment, it was high. Studies are favorable to the use of teledentistry. The meta-analysis was performed with aligners studies only, due to heterogeneity. The certainty of the evidence was considered very low.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With very low certainty of evidence, teledentistry using Dental Monitoring® software is effective as an aid in monitoring the evolution of interceptive orthodontic treatment (high risk of bias) and, especially, treatment performed with aligners (low to moderate risk of bias). The meta-analysis evidenced a reduction in the number of face-to-face appointments (mean difference = -2.75[-3.95, -1.55]; I2=41%; p<0.00001) and the time for starting refinement (mean difference = -1.21[-2.35, -0.08]; I2=49%; p=0.04). Additional randomized studies evaluating corrective orthodontic treatment with brackets and wires are welcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"28 4","pages":"e2322195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10508050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41166541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of maxillary canine and molar movement during the first phase of extraction space closure: a multilevel analysis.","authors":"Luiz Gonzaga Gandini Júnior,&nbsp;Patricia Pigato Schneider,&nbsp;Ki Beom Kim,&nbsp;André da Costa Monini,&nbsp;Helder Baldi Jacob","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e232338.oar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e232338.oar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was designed to analyze and compare the cusp and apex movements of the maxillary canines and first molars during canine retraction in the first step of extraction space closure, and to evaluate if these teeth follow a curvilinear (acceleration and/or deceleration) movement rate.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty-five patients (23.3 ± 5.1 years of age) were enrolled. The retraction of the maxillary canines was accomplished using nickel-titanium closed coil springs (100gf) on 0.020-in stainless steel archwire. Oblique cephalograms were traced and superimposed on the anatomic best fit of the maxilla (before the retraction [T0], and after one month [T1], three [T3], five [T5] and seven [T7] months). Statistics was based in a normally distributed data. Multilevel procedures were used to derive polynomials for each of the measurements. Student's t-test and one-way repeated measures ANOVA were conducted. The level of significance of 5% was adopted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Canine cusps and apexes did not follow a quadratic curve regarding horizontal movement (neither accelerate nor decelerate). Canine and molar cusps showed more horizontal movement than apexes (4.80 mm vs. 2.78 mm, and 2.64 mm vs. 2.17 mm, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Canine did not accelerate or decelerate overtime horizontally; the cusps and apexes of the canines and molars showed more horizontal movement and larger rate at the beginning of canine retraction, followed by significantly smaller and constant movement rate after the first month.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"28 4","pages":"e232338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10508051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41136960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term assessment of pain and discomfort during rapid maxillary expansion with tooth-bone-borne and tooth-borne appliances: randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Bruno de Paula Machado Pasqua,&nbsp;Cristiane Barros André,&nbsp;João Batista de Paiva,&nbsp;José Rino Neto","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e2322220.oar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e2322220.oar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate and compare, during the first week of rapid maxillary expansion (RME), the impact caused by two types of appliances: Hyrax and Hybrid Hyrax.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two patients who met the eligibility criteria (aged 11-14 years, with transverse maxillary deficiency, posterior crossbite, and presence of maxillary first premolars and first permanent molars) were selected and randomly divided into two groups: TBB GROUP (tooth-bone-borne expander), treated with Hybrid Hyrax (12 females and 9 males, mean age 13.3 ± 1.3 years), and TB GROUP (tooth-borne expander), treated with Hyrax (5 females and 16 males, mean age 13.3 ± 1.4 years). Pain and discomfort were assessed in two times: after the first day of activation (T1) and four days after, by means of the numerical rate scale and the instrument MFIQ (Mandibular Functional Impairment Questionnaire). Descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney test were used for comparison between groups and between sexes. A 5% significance level was adopted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both appliances had a negative impact, generating pain and discomfort, and reducing functional capacity. However, the scores obtained were of low intensity and no significant differences were observed between the groups. Considering sexes, there were statistically significant differences, with the female sex presenting higher scores for pain and functional limitation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite causing impact in pain and increase in the functional limitation, these changes were of low intensity, with no statistical difference between the groups. Females were more sensitive to the impact caused by the RME.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"28 4","pages":"e2322220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10508049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41136961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology-enhanced simulation-based learning in orthodontic education: A scoping review.","authors":"Kawin Sipiyaruk, Prachworrakit Kaewsirirat, Peerapong Santiwong","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.28.3.e2321354.oar","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2177-6709.28.3.e2321354.oar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Technology-enhanced simulations seem to be effective in dentistry, as they can support dental students to improve competencies in simulated environments. However, implementation of this technology in orthodontic education has not been reviewed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review aimed to comprehensively summarize the use of technology-enhanced simulations in orthodontic practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted to identify literature on technology-enhanced simulation-based learning in orthodontic education published from 2000 to 2021. The search was conducted up to September 2021 to identify articles from Scopus, Embase, PubMed, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, Google Scholar and the reference lists of identified articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search identified 177 articles. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles of 14 digital simulators were included in this review. The findings demonstrated an increasing use of technology-enhanced simulations in orthodontic education. They were designed in several formats, including three-dimensional virtual format, augmented reality, virtual reality, automaton, haptic, and scenario-based simulations. These simulations were implemented in varied areas of orthodontics including diagnosis and treatment planning, bracket positioning, orthodontic procedures, facial landmark, removable appliance and cephalometric tracing. Most included articles demonstrated the development process without outcome evaluation. Six studies provided outcome evaluations at reaction or learning levels. None of them provide the evaluation at behaviour and results levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Insufficient evidence has been generated to demonstrate the effectiveness of technology-enhanced simulations in orthodontic education. However, high-fidelity computer-based simulations together with robust design research should be required to confirm educational impact in orthodontic education.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"28 3","pages":"e2321354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9834618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of three methods of adhesive remnant removal after orthodontic bracket debonding.","authors":"Soghra Yassaei, Neda Joshan, Shiva Abdolahy, Azadeh Hakimi Rokn Abadi","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.27.6.e2220352.oar","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2177-6709.27.6.e2220352.oar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effects of three methods of adhesive remnant removal (carbide bur and low speed handpiece, carbide bur and high speed handpiece, and zircon-rich glass fiber reinforced composite bur), after orthodontic bracket debonding, on tooth color and enamel surface roughness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety sound premolar teeth were selected. The baseline tooth color was assessed using Vita spectrophotometer. The teeth were subjected to bracket bonding processes and then randomly divided into three equal groups. In each group, composite remnant was removed by one of the three methods of adhesive removal, and the teeth were then subjected to color assessment again. To measure the surface roughness, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with x400 magnification was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ANOVA showed that the effect of the three methods of adhesive remnant removal on ∆L, ∆b and ∆E was statistically significant (p=0.01), but without significant effect on ∆a. Comparison of the means showed that composite bur and high speed carbide bur yielded the highest ∆E (p=0.05), and had a significant difference when compared to carbide bur and low speed handpiece. The highest ∆L and ∆b values belonged to samples approached with composite bur and carbide bur with high speed handpiece, respectively. SEM analysis showed that the composite bur created a very smooth surface, compared to the other two methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Zircon-rich glass fiber reinforced composite created the smoothest enamel surface and highest color change, when compared to the other two methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"27 6","pages":"e2220352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10042465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9616346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MARPE as an adjunct to orthodontic treatment.","authors":"Orlando Tanaka, Sergio Luiz Mota-Júnior","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.27.6.e22bbo6","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2177-6709.27.6.e22bbo6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Miniscrew or microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) devices are used to achieve a skeletal expansion of the palate and to increase the arch perimeter.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the treatment of a 23-year-old woman with an Angle Class II, division 1 malocclusion with constricted maxillary and mandibular arches.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>The patient's main complaint was mandibular anterior crowding. The treatment plan included expansion of the mandibular arch concurrent with maxillary expansion, using a MARPE appliance in combination with a full-fixed appliance to align and level the crowded mandibular teeth, along with miniscrews as anchorage for the maxillary teeth and for distalization of the molars and premolars. A successful non-extraction orthodontic treatment was accomplished after 28 months, and the occlusion and teeth alignment, as well as facial goals, were resolved in a clinically satisfactory manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The treatment objectives were met, and the outcome of the expansion of the maxillary arch with a MARPE appliance as an adjunct to a fixed appliance was considered a success. An esthetic, functional, and stable result after a 1-year follow-up was achieved and was satisfactory to the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"27 6","pages":"e22bbo6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10042462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9616345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satisfaction with orthodontic treatment: cross-cultural adaptation and validation of an instrument for the Brazilian Portuguese language.","authors":"Renata Negreiros Alvarenga,&nbsp;Saul Martins Paiva,&nbsp;Carlos Flores-Mir,&nbsp;Eduardo Bernabé,&nbsp;Lucas Guimarães Abreu","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.27.6.e2220471.oar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.27.6.e2220471.oar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To cross-culturally adapt into the Brazilian Portuguese and evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument for assessing the satisfaction of parents/guardians regarding their sons'/daughters' orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Translations of the instrument from English, pre-test and evaluation of validity and reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version were performed. The questionnaire has 25 items distributed across 3 subscales (process, psychosocial effect and outcome). Eighty-three parents/guardians of children/adolescents who had completed orthodontic treatment participated. Descriptive statistics and floor and ceiling effects were calculated. Internal consistency, stability (interval of three weeks), convergent construct validity and discriminant construct validity were determined. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed dimensionality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 83 parents/guardians, 58 (69.9%) were mothers and 25 (30.1%) were fathers of children/adolescents. In the questionnaire's total score and the three subscales scores, an acceptable percentage (≤15%) of participants achieved the maximum score (ceiling effect). In the total questionnaire score and in the three subscales scores, no participant achieved the minimum score (floor effect). Cronbach's α coefficient for the total score was 0.72 (internal consistency). Intra-class correlation coefficient for the total score was 0.71 (stability). The questionnaire's total score presented large Pearson correlation coefficient (>0.50) with the three subscales too (construct validity). Female parents/guardians had significantly higher scores in the psychosocial effect (p=0.013) and in the treatment outcome (p=0.037) subscales, compared to male parents/guardians (discriminant validity). EFA and CFA confirmed dimensionality in a three-factor solution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The final obtained version is valid and reliable to be used in Brazilian populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"27 6","pages":"e2220471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10042466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9234640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive sleep apnea: a review for the orthodontist.","authors":"Juan Martin Palomo,&nbsp;Vicente Dias Piccoli,&nbsp;Luciane Macedo de Menezes","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.28.1.e23spe1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.28.1.e23spe1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects an important part of the population and is characterized by recurrent total or partial obstruction of the upper airway (UA) during sleep, negatively affecting the quality of life of patients in the short and long terms, and constituting an important public health problem for the society. The field of expertise of orthodontists is closely related to the UA, placing them in a strategic position to diagnose air passage failures and intervene when necessary. Orthodontists, as health professionals, must know how to recognize respiratory problems and manage them appropriately, when indicated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Thus, this paper aims to review and critically evaluate the related literature, to provide orthodontists with updated knowledge on the diagnosis and therapy related to OSA. Science and technology are constantly evolving; thus, the literature was also reviewed considering new technologies available in consumer-targeted applications and devices for the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"28 1","pages":"e23spe1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10108585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9420343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between round multi-strand wire and rectangular wire bonded retainers: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Emad F Al-Maaitah,&nbsp;Sawsan Alomari,&nbsp;Kazem Al-Nimri","doi":"10.1590/2177-6709.28.2.e2321101.oar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.28.2.e2321101.oar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary objective was to compare round multi-strand wire and Ortho-Flex-Tech™ rectangular wire retainers in terms of gingival health. The secondary objectives were to assess plaque/calculus accumulation, and to determine the effectiveness of these retainers in maintaining tooth alignment and their failure rate.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This single-center study was a two-arm parallel randomized clinical trial and was conducted at the Orthodontic clinics in Dental Teaching Center/Jordan University of Science and Technology. Sixty patients, with bonded retention for the mandibular anterior segment after fixed orthodontic treatment, were randomly selected. The sample comprised Caucasian patients with mild to moderate pretreatment crowding in the mandibular anterior region, Class I relationship, treated without extraction of mandibular anterior tooth. In addition, only patients presenting normal overjet and overbite after treatment were included.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>One group received round multi-strand wire retainer (30 patients, average age: 19.7 ± 3.8 years), while the other group received Ortho-Flex-Tech™ retainer (30 patients; average age: 19.3 ± 3.2 years). In both groups, the retainers were bonded to all mandibular anterior teeth from canine to canine. All patients were recalled one year after bracket debonding. Randomization sequence was created using Excel 2010, with a 1:1 allocation, using random block size 4. The allocation sequence was concealed in sequentially numbered, opaque and sealed envelopes. Only participants were blinded to the type of bonded retainer used. The primary outcome was to compare the gingival condition between the two groups. The secondary outcomes were to assess plaque/calculus indices, irregularity index of the mandibular anterior teeth and retainers' failure rate. Comparisons were conducted using Mann-Whitney U test or chi-square test. Statistical significance was predetermined at the p≤ 0.05 level for all tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete data were collected for 46 patients (round multi-strand wire retainer group, n=24 patients; rectangular Ortho-Flex-Tech™ retainer group, n=22 patients). No significant differences were found in the gingival health parameters between the two groups (p>0.05). Ortho-Flex-Tech™ retainers maintained the alignment of mandibular anterior teeth more than multi-strand retainer (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the failure rate between the two groups (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gingival health parameters and failure rate were not different in both groups. However, Ortho-Flex-Tech™ retainers were more efficient to retain the mandibular incisors than the multi-strand retainers; nevertheless, the difference was not clinically significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":38720,"journal":{"name":"Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"28 2","pages":"e2321101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10202450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9892784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}