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„Zaanektowany” system certyfikacji znajomości języka polskiego jako obcego – stan obecny “附加”波兰语外语知识认证体系——现状
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.4.1
I. Janowska
{"title":"„Zaanektowany” system certyfikacji znajomości języka polskiego jako obcego – stan obecny","authors":"I. Janowska","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Certification of the command of Polish as a foreign language is a phenomenon \u0000with an international reach and groundbreaking signifi cance for the promotion \u0000and enhancement of the prestige of the Polish language across the world. The \u0000certifi cation system for the Polish language was created in 2004 and, in the face of \u0000new challenges, reformed in 2015. At present, it is the primary instrument of the \u0000migration policy of Poland, which gives rise to diffi culties in its functioning. This \u0000paper is an attempt at a comprehensive description of the phenomenon of state \u0000certifi cation examinations. It discusses the scientifi c and legal grounds for the \u0000examinations, amendments introduced over years to the legislation regulating \u0000certifi cation and their consequences, as well as describes and diagnoses the \u0000existing situation concerned with certifi cation of the command of Polish.","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69833794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Używanie polszczyzny w kolonii Dom Pedro II na tle badań bilingwizmu polsko-portugalskiego w Brazylii 巴西波葡双语研究背景下多姆佩德罗二世殖民地波兰语的使用
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.4.4
Alicja Goczyła Ferreira
{"title":"Używanie polszczyzny w kolonii Dom Pedro II na tle badań bilingwizmu polsko-portugalskiego w Brazylii","authors":"Alicja Goczyła Ferreira","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"The subject matter of this paper is Polish–Portuguese bilingualism observed \u0000in one of the Brazilian villages founded by Polish rural immigrants in the second \u0000half of the 19th century in the south of the country. The primary instrument \u0000for collecting data were the interviews conducted with 48 residents of the village \u0000in 2018. The presented outcome confi rms the trends noticed in the study by \u0000S. Kucharski [1996] and W. Miodunka [2003]; namely, the fairly high level of \u0000preservation of Polish in Brazil and discrepancies in the level of command of \u0000the spoken and written code by the interviewees. The analysed data permit \u0000also the ascertainment of the phenomenon that Polish is being forgotten in the \u0000bilingualisation process and that it is disappearing in the surveyed village in \u0000general.","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48700904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wyrażenie młode wilki we współczesnym języku polskim 年轻的狼在现代波兰语中的表达
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.4.7
Dorota Połowniak-Wawrzonek
{"title":"Wyrażenie młode wilki we współczesnym języku polskim","authors":"Dorota Połowniak-Wawrzonek","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"The idiom młode wilki (young wolves), with an additional meaning ‘young, \u0000entrepreneurial, go-getting people, who climb the career ladder fast, are \u0000extremely successful in a given fi eld’ exists in the contemporary Polish language. \u0000The meaning of this expression reveals the following semes that are signifi cant \u0000for the stereotype of wolf: ‘predacious’, ‘aggressive’, ‘hostile’, ‘distrustful’, \u0000‘wild’, ‘dangerous for a human being’. Such a meaning of this idiom has been \u0000established under the infl uence of a fi lm directed by J. Żamojda and the song \u0000titled Obława (Hunt) by Jacek Kaczmarski although the impact of the fi lm seems \u0000to be predominant here. In the contemporary Polish texts, the expression młode \u0000wilki can be found in both standard and modifi ed forms: these are usually \u0000innovations with additions, cf. e.g. młode wilki polskiego kina (young wolves \u0000of the Polish cinematography), młode wilki obozu władzy (young wolves of the \u0000ruling camp), and młode wilki biznesu (young wolves of business).","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69834074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Język polski w Kazachstanie. Diagnoza i prognoza Język斯基w Kazachstanie。诊断预言家
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.4.6
Assel Sagimbekova
{"title":"Język polski w Kazachstanie. Diagnoza i prognoza","authors":"Assel Sagimbekova","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the situation of the Polish language in Kazakhstan. \u0000The sketch discusses the history and present situation of and prospects for \u0000teaching Polish in this country. The author pays particular attention to the \u0000description of the situation of the Polish community in Kazakhstan, where the \u0000teaching of the Polish language is concentrated. Moreover, she presents partial \u0000results of her study of the motivations for learning Polish among inhabitants of \u0000Kazakhstan. The paper is an attempt at presenting all Kazakh centres where \u0000the Polish language is taught and outlining the prospect for the development of \u0000Polish in this country.","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69834414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Menu, festiwal, wyspa, grill – nowe neosemantyzmy w polszczyźnie 菜单、节日、岛屿、烧烤——波兰的新语义
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.3.6
M. Zabawa
{"title":"Menu, festiwal, wyspa, grill – nowe neosemantyzmy w polszczyźnie","authors":"M. Zabawa","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to describe a selection of the latest neosemanticisms \u0000in the Polish language, both the ones the likely source of which is English and the \u0000ones coined without such an intermediation. The study describes the following \u0000words: menu (a menu), festiwal (a festival), wyspa (an island), and grill (a grill, \u0000a barbecue). The description consists in juxtaposing their hitherto meanings \u0000(derived from selected dictionaries of Polish) with new meanings, derived mainly \u0000from the Internet, and with defi nitions of the corresponding English words. The \u0000paper presents also a brief normative commentary on the described innovations","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69833746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ikoniczność, metonimia i metafora w znakach polskiego języka migowego oznaczających mówienie 波兰语手语的象似性、转喻与隐喻
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.3.2
Jadwiga Linde-Usiekniewicz, Piotr Mostowski
{"title":"Ikoniczność, metonimia i metafora w znakach polskiego języka migowego oznaczających mówienie","authors":"Jadwiga Linde-Usiekniewicz, Piotr Mostowski","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"This is the fi rst in a planned series of papers dedicated to Polish Sign Language \u0000(PJM) signs denoting speech. It presents an analysis of twenty different signs \u0000attested in the Polish Sign Language Corpus (KPJM) in terms of iconicity as well \u0000as metonymies and metaphors used in their formation. The conducted analysis \u0000showed that two classes of signs can be distinguished in the examined material: \u0000iconic signs making use of metonymy and signs motivated by a conceptual \u0000metaphor. The former refer exclusively to the production of speech as opposed \u0000to signing: the vehicle is the phonetic act (mouth movement or air movement). \u0000Metaphoric signs, in turn, consistently rely on the conduit metaphor, refer to \u0000both spoken and signed utterances, and focus on transmission of a semantic \u0000content.","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69833664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Test reprodukcji zdań dla polskiego języka migowego (PJM-SRT) jako wyzwanie lingwistyczne 波兰语手语（PJM-SRT）的句子再现测试是一项语言学挑战
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.3.5
Małgorzata Talipska
{"title":"Test reprodukcji zdań dla polskiego języka migowego (PJM-SRT) jako wyzwanie lingwistyczne","authors":"Małgorzata Talipska","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present the efforts intended to develop the Polish \u0000Sign Language sentence reproduction test (PJM-SRT). There are no standardised \u0000PJM profi ciency tests available yet, which makes it diffi cult to evaluate language \u0000skills of learners of this language. The analysis presented in this paper covers the \u0000data obtained from 5 hearing persons who learnt to sign for 2–5 years reaching \u0000at least the B2 level. 10 example sentences from PJM-SRT were discussed and \u0000a qualitative analysis of their reproduction was performed. What follows from \u0000this review is that the sentences included in the test fulfi l their role well: they \u0000show which elements of the lexical and grammatical system of the PJM are the \u0000most challenging for the tested persons","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49198187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wariantywność predykacji klasyfikatorowych w polskim języku migowym – badanie pilotażowe. 波兰手语中分类器预测的变化性——试点研究。
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.3.3
Weronika Dziewanowska
{"title":"Wariantywność predykacji klasyfikatorowych w polskim języku migowym – badanie pilotażowe.","authors":"Weronika Dziewanowska","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the fi ndings of a pilot research on the application \u0000of object classifi ers and body parts in classifi er predications referring to one \u0000designatum, i.e. the dog in the picture story Frog, Where Are You?. The research \u0000showed that the frequency of the classifi ers in informants’ texts varied. One \u0000classifi er type prevailed when describing the majority of situations. Moreover, for \u0000each classifi er type used in a given situation, there was a clear predominance of \u0000one of the possible shapes of hand, while the remaining ones were similar to it. \u0000From among body part classifi ers, the least specifi c shapes of hand prevailed, \u0000which rendered the look of dog head to the smallest extent. These observations \u0000prove a high level of grammaticalisation of object classifi ers and poorly specifi c \u0000body part classifi ers","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49336145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Boja jako element gramatyki polskiego języka migowego: wstępny przegląd danych korpusowych 波雅语作为波兰语手语语法的一个元素——语料库数据的初步考察
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.3.4
Weronika Szymańska-Gątarek, P. Rutkowski
{"title":"Boja jako element gramatyki polskiego języka migowego: wstępny przegląd danych korpusowych","authors":"Weronika Szymańska-Gątarek, P. Rutkowski","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is an introduction to the issue of buoys, i.e. signs normally \u0000produced with the non-dominant hand to ensure a spatial reference point for \u0000signs produced with the dominant hand. Simultaneous constructions of this \u0000type have been noticed in numerous sign languages, yet their equivalents have \u0000not been described in any detail for Polish Sign Language (PJM). The paper \u0000presents what can be said about the use of buoys in PJM on the basis of an \u0000analysis of a collection of empirical data extracted from the Corpus of Polish Sign \u0000Language (KPJM). The research confi rms that certain buoy types (fragment and \u0000depicting buoys) are frequent in PJM and can be found in recurring contexts, \u0000which speaks for considering them as a part of grammar of this language","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69833701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Andrzej Kątny, Das Polnische im Spiegel des Deutschen. Studien zur kontrastiven Linguistik, Gdańsk 2021. 安德热伊·科特尼，《德国人的镜子里的波兰人》。对比语言学研究，格但斯克，2021年。
Poradnik Jezykowy Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2022.3.8
Marek Łaziński
{"title":"Andrzej Kątny, Das Polnische im Spiegel des Deutschen. Studien zur kontrastiven Linguistik, Gdańsk 2021.","authors":"Marek Łaziński","doi":"10.33896/porj.2022.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38495,"journal":{"name":"Poradnik Jezykowy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47093727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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