Lithography Asia最新文献

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Fabrication of diamond and diamond-like carbon molds for nano-imprinting lithography 纳米压印光刻用金刚石及类金刚石碳模的制造
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-14 DOI: 10.1117/12.837217
J. Yu, Chiao-Yang Cheng, Yoou-Bin Guo, F. Hong
{"title":"Fabrication of diamond and diamond-like carbon molds for nano-imprinting lithography","authors":"J. Yu, Chiao-Yang Cheng, Yoou-Bin Guo, F. Hong","doi":"10.1117/12.837217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.837217","url":null,"abstract":"Micro- and nano-scale molds were fabricated using nanocrystalline diamond (nano-diamond) and diamond-like carbon (DLC) films for imprinting lithography. Patterning was first transferred to the resist on nano-diamond and DLC thin films by photolithography and imprint lithography methods, and then deep etching with inductively-coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) was applied to transfer patterns to nano-diamond and DLC films for the fabrication of diamond molds. Nano-diamond films of about 1.5μm in thickness were deposited on silicon substrates by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) by controlling CH4/H2 ratios and substrate temperatures. Thick diamond-like carbon films containing silicon oxide nanoparticles were deposited on silicon substrates by PECVD using gaseous HMDSO (Hexamethyldisiloxane) reactants to release the film stress. E-beam writer was used to pattern the resist on the Cr film-covered thick DLC film. By using ICP-RIE, Cr film was first patterned with the patterned e-beam resist as the etching mask, and then DLC thick film was etched to form nanoimprint mold using the patterned Cr as the etching mask. High fidelity nano-patterns were transferred with nano-imprinting lithography using the nano-diamond and DLC molds. Good mold releasing behavior and high mold strength were observed for the nanocrystalline diamond and DLC molds due to their highly hydrophobic surface and high toughness, respectively.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115383964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Spontaneous deformation of resist micro pattern due to van der Waals interaction 范德华相互作用引起的抗蚀微图案的自发变形
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-14 DOI: 10.1117/12.841117
A. Kawai, T. Yamaji
{"title":"Spontaneous deformation of resist micro pattern due to van der Waals interaction","authors":"A. Kawai, T. Yamaji","doi":"10.1117/12.841117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.841117","url":null,"abstract":"Deformation and stress distribution of ultra thin resist pattern are estimated by finite element method (FEM) from the measurement values of van der Waals (vdW) force and mechanical properties of resist material. In this simulation, strain and stress distribution in the simple model of the resist pattern are obtained. These results show that the thin resist pattern has high sensitivity to weak vdW force. And, the stress concentrates at an interface between the resist pattern and the substrate. The stress concentration point in the resist pattern would be destructed due to the weak force. In the experiment, the vdW attractive force is measured with an atomic force microscope (AFM) system. The maximum value of the attractive force is about 180nN. The error of the force measurement is prevented to be lower because the no torsion of the cantilever can be observed when the tip is approaching to the thin film resist surface. It is possible to discuss the realization of a soft micro chamber wall made of a soft material such as the cell.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123755840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dissolved gas quantification and bubble formation in liquid chemical dispense 液体化学剂中溶解气体的定量和气泡的形成
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-14 DOI: 10.1117/12.852209
G. Tom, Wei Liu
{"title":"Dissolved gas quantification and bubble formation in liquid chemical dispense","authors":"G. Tom, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1117/12.852209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852209","url":null,"abstract":"Gas dissolved in liquids such as photoresist comes out of solution as bubbles after the liquid experiences a pressure drop in a dispense train and may cause on-wafer defects. Reservoirs in the dispense train can assist in removing bubbles but are incapable of effectively removing dissolved gas. This study demonstrates the importance of maintaining the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid below a critical value to reduce bubbles generated after a pressure drop in the dispense train occurs. The methodology used to quantify dissolved gas during liquid dispense cycle using gas chromatography is discussed. The amount of dissolved gas is correlated to the amount of bubbles downstream of a pressure drop. This study also analyzes sources of bubbles in the dispense train and techniques to mediate the sources.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126646460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Possible line edge roughness reduction by anisotropic molecular resist 各向异性分子抗蚀剂可能降低线边缘粗糙度
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-12 DOI: 10.1117/12.837234
Hyunsu Kim, In Wook Cho, Hakjin Jang, Mihwa Kang, Seong W. Kim, Hye-keun Oh
{"title":"Possible line edge roughness reduction by anisotropic molecular resist","authors":"Hyunsu Kim, In Wook Cho, Hakjin Jang, Mihwa Kang, Seong W. Kim, Hye-keun Oh","doi":"10.1117/12.837234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.837234","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme ultra-violet (EUV) lithography technology is being developed for the patterning of sub-22nm node. Line edge roughness (LER) is the one of the important issues together with the resist performance like resolution and sensitivity. There are some novel resists for EUV lithography that can be used for obtaining the target resolution and sensitivity, while the line edge roughness do not reached the target values in most resist yet. In order to reduce the LER, the molecular resist has been widely studied due to their small size compared to the conventional polymer resist. There is another approach to reduce the LER by reducing the acid diffusion length, but it is not easy to reduce down the acid diffusion length. We tried a new approach to reduce down the LER by changing the shape or structure of the molecular resist. A new molecular resist shape that shows the anisotropic structure is tried to see the LER and whether this anisotropic resist can be used for LER reduction. It turns out that the LER is minimum when the molecular chain alignment is along the depth, while LER is maximum when the molecular chain is randomly distributed.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132112107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Development of silicon glass for etch reverse layer (SiGERL) materials and BARCs for double patterning process 用于蚀刻反向层(sigl)材料的硅玻璃和用于双图案工艺的BARCs的开发
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1117/12.837157
Yasushi Sakaida, H. Yaguchi, Rikimaru Sakamoto, B. Ho
{"title":"Development of silicon glass for etch reverse layer (SiGERL) materials and BARCs for double patterning process","authors":"Yasushi Sakaida, H. Yaguchi, Rikimaru Sakamoto, B. Ho","doi":"10.1117/12.837157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.837157","url":null,"abstract":"Materials and processes for double patterning using 193nm immersion lithography has been developed for the 32/22 nm node device generations. As for double patterning , some patterning methods have already been reported. For instance, there are LELE (Litho Etch Litho Etch) process and LFLE (Litho Freeze Litho Etch) process. LELE process is complicate and low throughput compared to LFLE process. On the other hand, freezing process and freezing material are needed in LFLE process. Then, we examined the process and the material that was able to form a minute pattern without increasing the number of processes as much as possible. The following is examined as a fine hole patterning process. At first, the pillar pattern is obtained by the X-Y double line dipole exposure. Secondly, the reverse material is applied on the pillar pattern and the subsequent process (dry etching or wet etching process) converts the pillar pattern into a hole pattern. We examined the reverse process and materials, including Silicon Glass for Etch Reverse Layer (SiGERL),and organic Bottom-Anti-Reflective coating (BARC) which is adequate for reflectivity control, lithography and the etching process.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125373232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Latest results from the Nikon NSR-S620 double patterning immersion scanner 尼康NSR-S620双图案浸入式扫描仪的最新结果
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1117/12.837037
Kazuhiro Hirano, Yuichi Shibazaki, M. Hamatani, Jun Ishikawa, Y. Iriuchijima
{"title":"Latest results from the Nikon NSR-S620 double patterning immersion scanner","authors":"Kazuhiro Hirano, Yuichi Shibazaki, M. Hamatani, Jun Ishikawa, Y. Iriuchijima","doi":"10.1117/12.837037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.837037","url":null,"abstract":"Double patterning (DP), an extension of immersion, is the leading contender for the manufacturing of 32 nm half pitch node devices. For DP, substantial improvement in overlay accuracy is required to meet the CDU requirements for the 32 nm node, and substantial increase in throughput is required to meet the cost requirements. To meet these challenges, Nikon introduced the NSR-S620. The S620 is based on the Streamlign platform, which is characterized by three innovations: Bird's Eye Control, Stream Alignment, and Modular2 Structure. In addition, many of the current systems and techniques have been refined to meet the requirements for DP. This presentation will discuss these technological improvements and show the latest technical results.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134518157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Optical critical dimension measurements for patterned media with 10's nm feature size 具有10nm特征尺寸的图案介质的光学临界尺寸测量
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1117/12.839523
Yongdong Liu, M. Tabet, Jiangtao Hu, Zhaoning Yu, J. Hwu, Wei Hu, Sha Zhu, Gene Gauzner, Kim Y. Lee, Shifu Lee
{"title":"Optical critical dimension measurements for patterned media with 10's nm feature size","authors":"Yongdong Liu, M. Tabet, Jiangtao Hu, Zhaoning Yu, J. Hwu, Wei Hu, Sha Zhu, Gene Gauzner, Kim Y. Lee, Shifu Lee","doi":"10.1117/12.839523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.839523","url":null,"abstract":"Patterned media is expected to be implemented in future generations of hard disk drives to provide data storage at densities exceeding 1012 bits/in2 and beyond. The implementation of patterned media, which would involve developing processing methods to offer high resolution (small bits), regular patterns, and high density, has posed a number of metrology challenges. Optical Critical Dimension (OCD) is the leading candidate to overcome the metrology challenges for patterned media. This paper presents the successful OCD measurements on the critical dimensions, sidewall-angles, and detailed sidewall shape of gratings of quartz template and imprint disk with pitch as small as 57nm.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"5 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133245733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mask defect specification in the spacer patterning process by using a fail-bit-map analysis 通过使用故障位图分析,在间隔图型过程中对掩膜缺陷进行说明
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1117/12.837132
S. Miyoshi, S. Yamaguchi, M. Naka, Keiko Morishita, T. Hirano, Hiroyuki Morinaga, H. Mashita, A. Kobiki, Makoto Kaneko, H. Mukai, Minori Kajimoto, T. Sugihara, Y. Horii, Yoshihiro Yanai, Tadahito Fujisawa, K. Hashimoto, S. Inoue
{"title":"Mask defect specification in the spacer patterning process by using a fail-bit-map analysis","authors":"S. Miyoshi, S. Yamaguchi, M. Naka, Keiko Morishita, T. Hirano, Hiroyuki Morinaga, H. Mashita, A. Kobiki, Makoto Kaneko, H. Mukai, Minori Kajimoto, T. Sugihara, Y. Horii, Yoshihiro Yanai, Tadahito Fujisawa, K. Hashimoto, S. Inoue","doi":"10.1117/12.837132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.837132","url":null,"abstract":"We obtained the acceptable mask defect size for both opaque and clear defects in the spacer patterning process using the fail-bit-map analysis and a mask with programmed defects. The spacer patterning process consists of the development of photoresist film, the etching of the core film using the photoresist pattern as the etching mask, the deposition of a spacer film on both sides of the core film pattern, and the removal of the core film. The pattern pitch of the spacer film becomes half that of the photoresist. Both the opaque defect and the clear defect of the mask resulted in a short defect in the spacer pattern. From the fail-bit-map analysis, the acceptable mask defect size for opaque and clear defects was found to be 80nm and 120nm, respectively, which could be relaxed from that in ITRS2008. The difference of the acceptable mask defect size for opaque and clear defects comes from the difference of the defect printability at the resist development.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128703716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Regularization of inverse photomask synthesis to enhance manufacturability 正则化反掩模合成以提高可制造性
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1117/12.837512
N. Jia, A. Wong, E. Lam
{"title":"Regularization of inverse photomask synthesis to enhance manufacturability","authors":"N. Jia, A. Wong, E. Lam","doi":"10.1117/12.837512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.837512","url":null,"abstract":"Mask manufacturability has been considered as a major issue in the adoption of inverse lithography (IL) in practice. With smaller technology nodes, IL distorts the mask pattern more aggressively. The distorted mask often contains curvilinear contour and irregular shapes, which cast a heavy computation burden on segmentation and data preparation. Total variation (TV) has been used for regularization in previous work, but it is not very effective in regulating the mask shape to be rectangular. In this paper, we apply TV regularization not only on the mask image but also on the mask edges, which forces the curves of edges to be more vertical or horizontal, because they give smaller TV values. Except for rectilinearity, a group of geometrical specifications of the mask pattern set by mask manufacture rule control (MRC) is also important for mask manufacturability. To prevent these characteristics from appearing, we also propose an intervention scheme into the optimization framework.","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132791284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Green binary and phase shifting mask 绿色二进制和相移掩模
Lithography Asia Pub Date : 2009-12-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.836228
S. Shy, Chaoyu Hong, Cheng-San Wu, S. J. Chen, Hung-Yu Wu, Y. Ting
{"title":"Green binary and phase shifting mask","authors":"S. Shy, Chaoyu Hong, Cheng-San Wu, S. J. Chen, Hung-Yu Wu, Y. Ting","doi":"10.1117/12.836228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.836228","url":null,"abstract":"SixNy/Ni thin film green mask blanks were developed , and are now going to be used to replace general chromium film used for binary mask as well as to replace molydium silicide embedded material for AttPSM for I-line (365 nm), KrF (248 nm), ArF (193 nm) and Contact/Proximity lithography. A bilayer structure of a 1 nm thick opaque, conductive nickel layer and a SixNy layer is proposed for binary and phase-shifting mask. With the good controlling of plasma CVD of SixNy under silane (50 sccm), ammonia (5 sccm) and nitrogen (100 sccm), the pressure is 250 mTorr. and RF frequency 13.56 MHz and power 50 W. SixNy has enough deposition latitude to meet the requirements as an embedded layer for required phase shift 180 degree, and the T% in 193, 248 and 365 nm can be adjusted between 2% to 20% for binary and phase shifting mask usage. Ni can be deposited by E-gun, its sheet resistance Rs is less than 1.435 kΩ/square. Jeol e-beam system and I-line stepper are used to evaluate these thin film green mask blanks, feature size less than 200 nm half pitch pattern and 0.558 μm pitch contact hole can be printed. Transmission spectrums of various thickness of SixNy film are inspected by using UV spectrometer and FTIR. Optical constants of the SixNy film are measured by n & k meter and surface roughness is inspected by using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM).","PeriodicalId":383504,"journal":{"name":"Lithography Asia","volume":"18 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120845993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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