Journal of Emergency Management最新文献_第2页

Pipeline emergency preparedness in Nebraska: Identifying interagency preparedness gaps and proposing solutions. 内布拉斯加州的管道应急准备：确定机构间准备工作的差距并提出解决方案。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0813

Kylie Johnson, Rachel Lookadoo, Jesse E Bell, Keith Hansen, Meghan Langel, Sharon Medcalf, Laura Nagengast, Eleanor Rogan

{"title":"Pipeline emergency preparedness in Nebraska: Identifying interagency preparedness gaps and proposing solutions.","authors":"Kylie Johnson, Rachel Lookadoo, Jesse E Bell, Keith Hansen, Meghan Langel, Sharon Medcalf, Laura Nagengast, Eleanor Rogan","doi":"10.5055/jem.0813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0813","url":null,"abstract":"In Nebraska, there are over 28,000 miles of pipelines that carry various materials, which could impact human health and the natural environment in the event of a leak or spill. Nebraska is heavily reliant on its expansive groundwater supply from the large High Plains aquifer system as well as smaller secondary aquifers. Eighty-eight percent of Nebraska's population utilizes groundwater for personal use, and the state's agricultural sector depends on it for irrigation and livestock care. The ongoing challenges facing the implementation of the proposed Keystone XL pipeline system inspired re-searchers to examine the current state of pipeline emergency preparedness in Nebraska. To do this, a pipeline emergency preparedness workshop was held in November 2021 in Norfolk, Nebraska. Conference participants in-cluded county- and regional-level leadership, local public health departments, tribal representatives, and other organizations. Pipeline emergency responders and other stakeholders were invited to listen to plenary presenta-tions about inland oil spill responses and the current state of Nebraska pipelines and to participate in a facilitated discussion identifying pipeline response challenges and potential solutions. Through a facilitated discussion process, participants identified six general response challenge categories and 24 potential solutions. From those 24 solutions, three were selected as easily implementable solutions-increased joint/coordinated planning, increased pipeline emergency exercising, and increased pipeline emergency train-ing/education. Implementing this work will assist in reducing health risks associated with potential spills.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 4","pages":"429-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weather radar utility in hazard detection and response. 气象雷达在灾害探测和应对方面的用途。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0868

Michael J Benson, Thomas P Norby, Erik D Kabela, David A Hooper, John L Schroeder, Brian D Hirth

{"title":"Weather radar utility in hazard detection and response.","authors":"Michael J Benson, Thomas P Norby, Erik D Kabela, David A Hooper, John L Schroeder, Brian D Hirth","doi":"10.5055/jem.0868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0868","url":null,"abstract":"Publicly accessible weather radar data have significant capabilities for meteorological measurements and predictions and, further, have the potential to measure nonmeteorological events that include smoke, ash, and debris plumes as well as explosions. The ability to identify and track nonmeteorological events can be of assistance in emergency response, hazard mitigation, and related activities in locations where radar coverage both exists and is recorded and accessible to the user. In this study, events from multiple locations in the United States that are reported in news outlets are assessed using a manual inspection process of Level 2 weather radar data to identify anthropogenic and nonbiological returns. Explosive events are also identified, and a large high-altitude debris cloud from the intentional destruction of the SpaceX Starship is tracked across a wide area. Finally, future efforts using a machine learning model are discussed as a means of automating the process and potentially enabling near-real-time nonmeteorological event identification in the same areas where the data are accessible. Using weather radar data can be a valuable new tool for Department of Defense systems to aid in military awareness, and for interagency emergency response and forensic mission experts to consider national weather service data in their mission profiles. Radar data can be effective in detecting several common types of emergencies and inform and aid response personnel.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 4","pages":"351-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Live agent training as an important process safety measure to strengthen resilience in hazardous (CBRN) work situations. 活剂培训是加强危险（化学、生物、放射性、核子）工作环境中应变能力的重要过程安全措施。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0789

Alexander Stolar, Anton Friedl

{"title":"Live agent training as an important process safety measure to strengthen resilience in hazardous (CBRN) work situations.","authors":"Alexander Stolar, Anton Friedl","doi":"10.5055/jem.0789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0789","url":null,"abstract":"Various occupational groups as well as emergency responders are important human factors in combating incidents and emergencies in a broad range. Negative deviations from a process-safe condition should be detected and transformed into a safer condition to prevent negative consequences. Therefore, training and education of personnel is an important measure in this case as well as a major influencing factor on the vulnerability to errors during operations and their resilience. From lack of training to incorrect execution due to excessive stress, fear, or unfamiliar situations, it is important to counteract this with targeted training under conditions that are as close to reality as reasonably achievable. Realistic training situations involving live agents allow to recognize mistakes or inadequacies not only in personnel but also in material or in mission planning and to create a more effective working environment. Many violations of work guidelines are due to well-intentioned deviations from nonexecutable standard operation procedures that have never been tested. Repeated, progressive training under real hazardous conditions can help to strengthen mission readiness and resilience of teams. It better prepares them for their dangerous activities.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 4","pages":"389-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Disaster Response Complex for training of emergency responders in the Northwest United States. 用于培训美国西北部应急响应人员的灾难响应综合设施。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0861

Kathryn Hogarth, Jared Cantrell, Bruce Savage, Rajiv Khadka, Mustafa Mashal

引用次数: 0

Analyzing the impact of concealed carry weapons and school resource officers on school shootings: An agent-based modeling approach. 分析隐蔽携带武器和校警对校园枪击案的影响：基于代理的建模方法。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0818

Nicholas B Harrell, Richard E Weston, Santino P Alteri, Krassimir T Tzvetanov, J Eric Dietz

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 and CBRNE: Effects of the pandemic in the field of CBRNE. COVID-19 和 CBRNE：大流行病对 CBRNE 领域的影响。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0829

Andreas Arnold, Danielle Carbon, Chiara Wueller, Thomas Goergen

{"title":"COVID-19 and CBRNE: Effects of the pandemic in the field of CBRNE.","authors":"Andreas Arnold, Danielle Carbon, Chiara Wueller, Thomas Goergen","doi":"10.5055/jem.0829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0829","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected our lives in all aspects, including key fields such as social interaction and economic supply chains. The field of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive substances (CBRNE) was already directly affected by the pandemic in that the COVID-19 virus is, in a sense, a biological agent. This paper elaborates on how the field of CBRNE has changed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. It does so by drawing on the results of an interview study with CBRNE practitioners (Fire Brigades, Law Enforcement Agencies, etc.) conducted as part of the European Union project PReparedness against CBRNE threats through cOmmon Approaches between security praCTItioners and the VulnerablE civil society, as well as findings from research literature on links between CBRNE and COVID-19. This paper highlights four areas where the influence of the pandemic on the CBRNE field has been evident. The four areas are as follows: preparedness for CBRNE incidents and likelihood of future CBRNE incidents (with a focus on terrorist attacks), CBRNE training and education, increased awareness of CBRNE-related behaviors and measures among the general public, and greater awareness of the needs of vulnerable groups (older people, etc.).","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 3","pages":"301-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 pandemic and Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR): Reflection on the challenges and opportunities in South Africa. COVID-19 大流行病和第四次工业革命（4IR）：对南非面临的挑战和机遇的思考。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0832

Stanley Osezua Ehiane, Soomaya Khan, Aneesah Khan, Leonard L Sesa

{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic and Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR): Reflection on the challenges and opportunities in South Africa.","authors":"Stanley Osezua Ehiane, Soomaya Khan, Aneesah Khan, Leonard L Sesa","doi":"10.5055/jem.0832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0832","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has changed people's interactions dramatically, be it with the government, the outside world, or one another. It has compelled society to change the standards for decision-making in areas such as health and education, and how people live, work, play, and do business. As a result of the new behavioral patterns imposed by governments around the world, including the South African government, there has been technological advancement through the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). In South Africa, key economic sectors such as healthcare, education, and finance have served as digital change engines. Without a doubt, technology has been able to halt the spread of the virus. The main objective of this paper is to raise awareness of 4IR and to identify opportunities presented by 4IR for South Africa and the challenges presented by 4IR in resolving COVID-19 issues. It examines the relationship between evolving technological advances brought about by 4IR and COVID-19. Following a review of the relevant literature, the study's findings revealed that prior to the pandemic, several sectors were wary of, and slow to accept, 4IR. Despite the benefits of 4IR, many African countries face difficulties across various sectors. Almost all African countries are unprepared for 4IR, with the exception of South Africa, which is considered partially ready and ranks 22nd on the automation readiness index. African countries that have embraced digital transformation have cited South Africa as a case study due to its adoption of 4IR. Despite the benefits, several barriers to the adoption and use of 4IR technologies have been identified in developing countries, including South Africa, which has the opportunity to adopt consistent 4IR.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 3","pages":"291-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Finalizing emergency management professionalization in 2024. 2024 年完成应急管理专业化。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0866

Jennifer Carlson

引用次数: 0

Modeling roadway impacts and recovery from volcanic ashfall from the 2021 St. Vincent eruption. 模拟 2021 年圣文森特火山爆发造成的火山灰落对道路的影响和恢复。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0826

Karl Kim, Eric Yamashita, Bruce Houghton, Nicole Boothman-Shepard, Lily Bui

{"title":"Modeling roadway impacts and recovery from volcanic ashfall from the 2021 St. Vincent eruption.","authors":"Karl Kim, Eric Yamashita, Bruce Houghton, Nicole Boothman-Shepard, Lily Bui","doi":"10.5055/jem.0826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0826","url":null,"abstract":"Ashfall from the April 2021 La Soufrière volcano eruption significantly impacted the Caribbean Island of St. Vincent. Out of all infrastructure sectors, transportation was the most affected across the island, with damages totaling $27.5 million (USD). Removal of ash is a debris management, public health, and disaster concern. This study uses the United States Geological Survey Ash3d model to estimate the thickness of ashfall covering roads, structures, and agricultural lands, totaling 9.4 million ft.3 on roadways, 4.8 million ft.3 on structures, and 147 million ft.3 in agricultural areas. Total ashfall on the island was estimated at 1.3 billion ft.3 Long-term planning and recovery challenges include the remote island location, limited resources, and the existing social and humanitarian needs intensified by the disaster. A staged approach to cleanup, debris management, temporary storage of ash, and sustainable reuse of ash as an aggregate for paving and building materials is proposed. The benefits of new technologies for converting ash into building materials using both off- and on-island systems should be considered for reconstruction materials. Using alternatives to sand mining and developing the adaptive reuse of disaster debris would support long-term recovery and resilience.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 3","pages":"249-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A longitudinal follow-up study of rescue and recovery narratives of Oklahoma City bombing responders nearly a quarter century later. 对俄克拉荷马城爆炸事件救援人员的救援和恢复叙事进行纵向跟踪研究，时隔近四分之一个世纪。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0803

Carol S North, Alina Surís, Katy McDonald

{"title":"A longitudinal follow-up study of rescue and recovery narratives of Oklahoma City bombing responders nearly a quarter century later.","authors":"Carol S North, Alina Surís, Katy McDonald","doi":"10.5055/jem.0803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0803","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most research examining first responders of terrorist incidents has been conducted in early post-disaster periods, utilized quantitative research methods, and focused on psychopathology such as post-traumatic stress.Methods: Longitudinal follow-up assessments of 124 workers from 181 baseline volunteer rescue and recovery workers originally studied were completed nearly a quarter century after the terrorist bombing of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. Open-ended qualitative interviews were used in the follow-up study.Results: The rescue and recovery work, vividly described decades later, was gruesome. These workers' descriptions captured their mental toughness and their professional missions, as well as the emotional and mental health (MH) toll on their lives.Conclusions: The extreme nature of rescue and recovery work in the aftermath of terrorism suggests potential utility for MH interventions to address the psychological toll that can be expected of human beings under the most extraordinary circumstances.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 3","pages":"261-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0