Journal of Emergency Management最新文献

Social media and disaster management by the National Emergency Management in Nigeria: What it is and what it should be. 尼日利亚国家应急管理局的社会媒体和灾害管理：它是什么，它应该是什么。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0839

Oluwasinaayomi Faith Kasim, Ismail Adedapo Oyerinde

{"title":"Social media and disaster management by the National Emergency Management in Nigeria: What it is and what it should be.","authors":"Oluwasinaayomi Faith Kasim, Ismail Adedapo Oyerinde","doi":"10.5055/jem.0839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0839","url":null,"abstract":"The environment for communicating about emergencies and disasters has changed as a result of the development of mobile technologies and social media applications. The public expects emergency management agencies to monitor, respond to, and report disasters via mobile applications due to this shift. This study, using the retrospective approach, analyzes the posts by the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) on social media in Nigeria. Activities reported via the agency's verified social media handles (Facebook®) between 2015 and 2021 serve as the data source. Findings revealed that social media is a useful tool in disaster management, as disaster-related activities and events across the management cycle were posted by NEMA's national and zonal offices. Most posts (45.0 percent) focused on response activities, while the recovery phase (2.0 percent) had the least posts. There was a significant variation in the reporting across the disaster management cycle (F(4,30) = 9.746). Attention should be placed on shifting NEMA from post-disaster activities to a predisaster-focused agency. Therefore, the agency should develop a social media policy and train its information officers to use the medium to engage actively with the public, especially regarding information on predisaster management activities.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 6","pages":"597-610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tornado sheltering: Challenges and solutions including public storm shelters. 龙卷风避难所：挑战和解决方案，包括公共风暴避难所。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0850

Craig D Croskery, Kathleen Sherman-Morris

{"title":"Tornado sheltering: Challenges and solutions including public storm shelters.","authors":"Craig D Croskery, Kathleen Sherman-Morris","doi":"10.5055/jem.0850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0850","url":null,"abstract":"Tornadoes are a considerable threat across the United States, occurring in many regions of the country on a frequent basis throughout the year. Finding a safe place to go during a tornado can be a challenge for many individuals, and, in some situations, there is no safe place available. Increasing the number of tornado shelters and establishing them in regions where they are not currently present can greatly improve the safety of local residents and visitors, especially for those who are unable to afford retrofitting a shelter into their own home or business. Research is lacking regarding the use of such public shelters. To better understand tornado sheltering behavior, an online survey was conducted with about 1,450 people. The survey examined current tornado sheltering behavior in locations with and without public shelters available, as well as hypothetical behavior if the respondent's location acquired a public shelter. A majority of respondents in the Deep South and Great Plains reported living in a county or community with a public shelter. While a majority of respondents have never used a public tornado shelter, the majority of those surveyed mentioned that they would utilize such shelters, at least during extreme threats. Actual use is also higher among mobile home residents. Consistent wayfinding and policies (such as pet accommodation) should also be implemented to ensure their use and promotion, and mobile applications should identify their locations.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 6","pages":"573-596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Areas in conflict and emergency response: Navigating complex challenges. 冲突和应急领域：应对复杂挑战。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0893

Thad Hicks

引用次数: 0

The impact of COVID-19 public health and social measures on years of potential life lost. COVID-19公共卫生和社会措施对潜在生命损失年数的影响。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0843

Ryan Saullo, Jansen Jones, Matthew S Thiese, Chapman Cox, Uchenna C Ogbonnaya, Kurt T Hegmann

{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 public health and social measures on years of potential life lost.","authors":"Ryan Saullo, Jansen Jones, Matthew S Thiese, Chapman Cox, Uchenna C Ogbonnaya, Kurt T Hegmann","doi":"10.5055/jem.0843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0843","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To determine the impacts of statewide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related public health and social measures (PHSMs) and attempted pandemic mitigation measures on years of potential life lost (YPLL).Methods: The \"openness score\" of each state during the COVID-19 pandemic was obtained using two open-source sites, the Multistate openness score and the Wallethub openness score. These scores combined various PHSMs, such as restrictions on gatherings and closing various types of businesses. Using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wonder database, the differences in prepandemic (2017-2019) and pandemic excess mortality were calculated in terms of YPLL and then compared to the openness scores using univariate regression modeling.Results: States that instituted more restrictive PHSMs as measured by openness scores failed to experience reductions in YPLL. On the contrary, there were trends toward statistical significance associating greater YPLL with the institution of more stringent PHSMs (p = 0.109 and p = 0.080 for Multistate and Wallethub, respectively).Discussion: This study suggests restrictive PHSMs were ineffective for improving mortality in this pandemic and trended toward increasing mortality in the younger population, presumably from other, non-COVID-19 causes.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 6","pages":"639-648"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skills for Psychological Recovery train-the-trainer program: For care providers of children with special healthcare needs and disabilities during COVID-19 recovery. 心理康复技能培训师项目：针对在COVID-19康复期间有特殊医疗需求和残疾儿童的护理提供者。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0863

Madeline W Shearer, Nancy J Carlson, Janet R Yeats

{"title":"Skills for Psychological Recovery train-the-trainer program: For care providers of children with special healthcare needs and disabilities during COVID-19 recovery.","authors":"Madeline W Shearer, Nancy J Carlson, Janet R Yeats","doi":"10.5055/jem.0863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0863","url":null,"abstract":"Care providers, including both professional and family caregivers, were negatively impacted by the pandemic. In partnership with the Minnesota (MN) Pediatric Care Coordination Community of Practice, the MN Department of Health Regional Behavioral Health Coordinator team provided a 7-week training of trainers in Skills for Psychological Recovery (SPR) to care providers of adults and children with special healthcare, mental health needs, and disabilities. The goal of SPR training was to protect the mental health of disaster survivors, enhance their abilities to address needs and concerns, teach skills to promote recovery, and prevent maladaptive behaviors while identifying and supporting adaptive behaviors. Weekly sessions presented skills to gather information and prioritize assistance, build problem-solving capacity, promote positive activity, manage reactions, promote helpful thinking, and rebuild healthy social connections. Data were collected during registration on the community challenges they are dealing with due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), how COVID-19 has impacted them personally and/or professionally, and what they hoped to gain from this training. Data were also collected during the training regarding the quality of the training and the skills that they were learning through weekly feedback forms. Post-training data were collected on how they plan to use the SPR. This case study article will discuss collected data and outcomes and provide information on how to conduct the SPR training for replication. The article will also discuss limitations and future research possibilities.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 6","pages":"621-628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Capturing human response to Winter Storm Frankie based on X (formerly known as Twitter) data. 基于X（以前称为Twitter）数据捕捉人类对冬季风暴弗兰基的反应。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0827

Seungil Yum

{"title":"Capturing human response to Winter Storm Frankie based on X (formerly known as Twitter) data.","authors":"Seungil Yum","doi":"10.5055/jem.0827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0827","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into how people responded to Winter Storm Frankie in the United States based on X (formerly known as Twitter®) data according to a multitude of regions, periods, sociodemographic characteristics, census regions, and geographical scales. This study finds that people actively respond to natural disasters on X during the winter storm week. Specifically, the highest number of keywords during the winter storm week is 1.6 times greater than the second-highest number of keywords during the prewinter storm week. Second, the spatial distribution of tweets exhibits significant fluctuations across different periods. For instance, in the prewinter storm week, more tweets are posted in the West region, while in the winter storm week, the Northeast region experiences a higher volume of uploads. Third, regional variables exert a substantial influence on the number of tweets. For instance, Ohio and Montana demonstrate higher elasticity than Pennsylvania. Fourth, many sociodemographic variables, such as gender, age, education, and income, are associated with individual responses. For example, a 1 percent increase in males corresponds to a 0.01 percent increase in tweets.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 6","pages":"611-619"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation and comparison of hospital preparedness levels against mass-casualty disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic. 医院应对大规模伤亡灾害和COVID-19大流行的准备水平评估与比较

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0840

Seyed Ahmad Bathaei, Fatemehsadat Sheikholeslami-Kabiri, Setare Rahmani-Javinani, Iman Khahan-Yazdi

{"title":"Evaluation and comparison of hospital preparedness levels against mass-casualty disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Seyed Ahmad Bathaei, Fatemehsadat Sheikholeslami-Kabiri, Setare Rahmani-Javinani, Iman Khahan-Yazdi","doi":"10.5055/jem.0840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0840","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inadequate preparedness of hospitals is associated with negative outcomes in the treatment procedure. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare systems faced many problems due to the widespread prevalence of the disease. This study was designed and conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the preparedness levels of hospitals against mass-casualty disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: This research was a cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study conducted in January 2022 in five educational hospitals affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, admitting COVID-19 patients. The National Hospital Preparedness Checklist and the Hospital Preparedness Checklist for the COVID-19 pandemic were used to collect the required data.Results: The total preparedness level against mass-casualty disasters was estimated to be 79.81 percent. The lowest and highest average preparedness scores were related to the dimensions of \"Logistic and management of supplies\" (74 percent) and \"command and control\" (96.66 percent), respectively. In addition, the overall preparedness level against COVID-19 was estimated to be 87.20 percent. The lowest and highest average percentage of preparedness scores were related to the fields of \"supply management\" (71.81 percent) and \"laboratory services\" (97.14 percent), respectively.Conclusion: The duration of exposure to emergency situations and managerial perspectives are among the factors affecting the preparedness of -medical systems against disasters. It is assumed that some kind of adaptation exists in healthcare systems, which leads to an improvement in their preparedness level. In order to deal with crises, it is suggested to set up specialized hospitals (such as trauma centers), train crisis managers, and use them in the management of medical centers.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 6","pages":"629-637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disaster risk tolerance and the resilience paradox: Are we asking the right questions? 灾害风险容忍度与抗灾能力悖论：我们是否提出了正确的问题？

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0877

Ronda Nowak

引用次数: 0

Trends in the use of US federal emergency supplemental appropriations for disasters. 美国联邦灾害紧急补充拨款的使用趋势。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0873

Ellen P Carlin, Jeff Schlegelmilch

{"title":"Trends in the use of US federal emergency supplemental appropriations for disasters.","authors":"Ellen P Carlin, Jeff Schlegelmilch","doi":"10.5055/jem.0873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0873","url":null,"abstract":"Federal appropriation for disaster prevention through recovery occurs across a complex landscape of funding mechanisms. Emergency supplemental appropriations are one such mechanism and increasingly a way that Congress funds disasters. These bills also often include nondisaster-related spending. To better identify congressional tendencies in the use of emergency appropriations for disasters, including the frequency and dollar value of such spending, we analyzed publicly available data on emergency appropriations over the first two decades of the 21st century. Using legislative appropriations data from the Congressional Budget Office for all supplemental appropriations enacted for fiscal years 2000 through 2020, we calculated that nondefense spending for disasters via supplemental appropriation represented USD 1.024 trillion in budget authority across 40 bills over this period. Natural disaster emergencies accounted for 58 percent of the federal government's emergency supplemental spending, with the rest generally related to Global War on Terror and other military activities. Among the spending prompted by presidential request, the difference between how much funding the president had requested for that emergency (if any) and a congressional appropriation of emergency funding reveals no apparent trend over the time period studied, although confirmatory analysis is obscured by a dearth of data points. As the risk of disasters and, particularly, the rate and size of billion-dollar disasters increases, characterizing the congressional approach to the funding of disasters may allow improved understanding of whether this approach is optimized to meet the needs of disasters in the 21st century and whether response spending should be mitigated through proactive and routine appropriations toward resilience targets.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 5","pages":"519-534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What's next for the disaster profession? A study of the opinions of local and state emergency managers and their recommendations for a more resilient future. 灾害专业的下一步是什么？研究地方和州应急管理人员的意见及其对更具抗灾能力的未来的建议。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0848

David A McEntire

引用次数: 0