Journal of Emergency Management最新文献

What's next for the disaster profession? A study of the opinions of local and state emergency managers and their recommendations for a more resilient future. 灾害专业的下一步是什么？研究地方和州应急管理人员的意见及其对更具抗灾能力的未来的建议。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0848

David A McEntire

引用次数: 0

Disaster risk tolerance and the resilience paradox: Are we asking the right questions? 灾害风险容忍度与抗灾能力悖论：我们是否提出了正确的问题？

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0877

Ronda Nowak

引用次数: 0

Trends in the use of US federal emergency supplemental appropriations for disasters. 美国联邦灾害紧急补充拨款的使用趋势。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0873

Ellen P Carlin, Jeff Schlegelmilch

{"title":"Trends in the use of US federal emergency supplemental appropriations for disasters.","authors":"Ellen P Carlin, Jeff Schlegelmilch","doi":"10.5055/jem.0873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0873","url":null,"abstract":"Federal appropriation for disaster prevention through recovery occurs across a complex landscape of funding mechanisms. Emergency supplemental appropriations are one such mechanism and increasingly a way that Congress funds disasters. These bills also often include nondisaster-related spending. To better identify congressional tendencies in the use of emergency appropriations for disasters, including the frequency and dollar value of such spending, we analyzed publicly available data on emergency appropriations over the first two decades of the 21st century. Using legislative appropriations data from the Congressional Budget Office for all supplemental appropriations enacted for fiscal years 2000 through 2020, we calculated that nondefense spending for disasters via supplemental appropriation represented USD 1.024 trillion in budget authority across 40 bills over this period. Natural disaster emergencies accounted for 58 percent of the federal government's emergency supplemental spending, with the rest generally related to Global War on Terror and other military activities. Among the spending prompted by presidential request, the difference between how much funding the president had requested for that emergency (if any) and a congressional appropriation of emergency funding reveals no apparent trend over the time period studied, although confirmatory analysis is obscured by a dearth of data points. As the risk of disasters and, particularly, the rate and size of billion-dollar disasters increases, characterizing the congressional approach to the funding of disasters may allow improved understanding of whether this approach is optimized to meet the needs of disasters in the 21st century and whether response spending should be mitigated through proactive and routine appropriations toward resilience targets.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 5","pages":"519-534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

United front: Emergency management managers, public health, and infection prevention. 联合阵线：应急管理经理、公共卫生和感染预防。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0852

Doriann Prasek

{"title":"United front: Emergency management managers, public health, and infection prevention.","authors":"Doriann Prasek","doi":"10.5055/jem.0852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0852","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Response to infectious diseases-related events may present a challenge to cooperative disaster management and emergency preparedness strategies. The primary objective of this investigation was to identify areas of strength and areas needing improvement in emergency management (EM) coordination between public health (PH) and infection prevention (IP) officials during disasters. A secondary objective was to evaluate education and training among EM, PH, and IP as they relate to increasing the number of mutually supportive relationships.Methods: An eight-question survey was conducted among individuals working in New Jersey with responsibilities in PH, EM, and IP to identify themes and the current state of collaboration.Results: The results of this survey suggested that more dedicated personnel in EM are needed for effective health system disaster planning.Conclusion: Stronger disaster response action plans can only be achieved through improvements in collaboration among stakeholders in EM, PH, and IP. These partnerships are essential to control disease transmission and protect the public from preventable harm.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 5","pages":"481-487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beirut 2020 explosion and health system response: An alarm for the dangerous consequences of Natech incidents in industrial cities. 贝鲁特 2020 年爆炸与卫生系统的应对措施：为工业城市 Natech 事件的危险后果敲响警钟。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0860

Roya Alimoradzadeh, Katayoun Jahangiri

引用次数: 0

Implementation of the Hospital Incident Command System in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: A systematic review. 美国针对 COVID-19 大流行病实施医院事故指挥系统：系统回顾。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0837

John D Jovan, John Foggle

{"title":"Implementation of the Hospital Incident Command System in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: A systematic review.","authors":"John D Jovan, John Foggle","doi":"10.5055/jem.0837","DOIUrl":"10.5055/jem.0837","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: At the onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many healthcare institutions activated the Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) to manage their pandemic response. The current literature includes numerous case reports describing individual institutional responses. This paper serves to synthesize the various lessons learned published in the current literature.Methods: This systematic review consists of articles identified by searching three online databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The authors used the search themes \"Hospital Incident Command System\" and \"COVID\" to identify articles to screen for inclusion. Finally, 12 articles published between 2020 and July 2022 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for review.Results: Eight articles (66.7 percent) discussed how the HICS improved communication within their organization. Eight articles (66.7 percent) described unique modifications to the HICS structure that enabled the organization to adapt to the challenges of the pandemic. The flexibility of the HICS allowed each individual organization to modify its structure to best respond to COVID-19. These modifications improved internal communication between hospital leadership, staff, and the community. Implementation of the HICS helped organizations to streamline communication by preventing information overload.Conclusion: In conclusion, the HICS provided healthcare institutions with a flexible structure to effectively tailor their emergency response to the unique challenges within their institution and the local community during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 5","pages":"501-506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A qualitative analysis of the effects of the COVID-19 response on low-income residents in Cameron County, Texas: Lessons for future pandemic response. COVID-19 应对措施对得克萨斯州卡梅伦县低收入居民影响的定性分析：对未来大流行应对措施的启示。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0842

Christine Crudo Blackburn, Sanny Rivera

引用次数: 0

A case study of university mass casualty simulation with high school deaf students who sign. 利用高中聋哑学生手语进行的大学大规模伤亡模拟案例研究。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0864

Jody H Cripps, Elizabeth N Austin, Leyla Craig

引用次数: 0

Emergency Operations Center structures in public offices of emergency management. 公共应急管理办公室的应急行动中心结构。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0865

Peter Loebach, Jacki Chavez, Andrew De Souza

{"title":"Emergency Operations Center structures in public offices of emergency management.","authors":"Peter Loebach, Jacki Chavez, Andrew De Souza","doi":"10.5055/jem.0865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0865","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency Operations Centers (EOCs) are locations from where activities are conducted in support of emergency incident response, including management of information flows/communications and coordination of strategic decision-making and activities across diverse communities and organizations. To date, knowledge is limited about practices involved in structuring and operating EOCs at public offices of emergency management (OEMs) and influencing factors. Through surveys and analysis of organizational documents, this study examines the models used by OEMs and the factors that influence the choice of models and organizational perception of the effectiveness of the employed models. Our results indicate that the emergency support function (ESF) model is the most commonly used, followed by a hybrid model, the incident command system model, and finally, the departmental structure and incident support model. We found no single model to be decisively superior; rather, different models are appropriate depending on personnel, resource availability, and the context of the jurisdiction. The ESF model, which is the most commonly utilized, appears to be difficult to employ effectively when organizations have limited access to trained personnel necessary for carrying out the range of functions specified in the model. In comparison, other models appear better suited to handle personnel constraints.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 5","pages":"507-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guardian of society: Civil society in Nigeria's response to COVID-19 pandemic. 社会的守护者：尼日利亚民间社会应对 COVID-19 大流行。

Journal of Emergency Management Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5055/jem.0862

Solomon I Ifejika

{"title":"Guardian of society: Civil society in Nigeria's response to COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Solomon I Ifejika","doi":"10.5055/jem.0862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.0862","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid breakout and dissemination of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection from the city of Wuhan, China, to the rest of the countries of the world in December 2019 triggered a situation that led the World Health Organization to report it as a global public health emergency. The pandemic resulted in abrupt and significant loss of lives, disruption of economies, loss of livelihoods, and severe hardship across the nations of the world. Nigeria encountered the COVID-19 reality following the discovery of the first case of the infection in the country on February 27, 2020, prompting the government to swing into action to contain its spread. However, the government's response to the pandemic benefited from the support of nonstate actors from the profit and nonprofit sectors. This study, thus, specifically examined the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in Nigeria's response to the coronavirus crisis. Using data obtained through secondary sources and analysis of thematic and descriptive-interpretive methods, the study found that CSOs impressively contributed to the government's fight against COVID-19, particularly in view of their roles in creating awareness about the virus and rebutting disinformation regarding the disease, among others. Yet, CSOs encountered some problems while undertaking these roles, prominently the closure of the civic space, noninclusion of CSOs in government's pandemic response architecture, and loss of funding. The study recommends, among other things, that in the case of any future public health emergencies of COVID-19 magnitude, the Nigerian Government should make CSOs an integral part of its response structure, while concluding that the application of these measures would incentivize better contributions from CSOs.","PeriodicalId":38336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Management","volume":"22 4","pages":"411-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0