Wound Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of the sodium alginate as surgical sealant materials","authors":"Gulsan A.S. Kazi,&nbsp;Osamu Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Developing biocompatible tissue adhesives is a highly desired goal of the </span>tissue engineering<span> due to adverse effects of the sutures. Sodium alginate is a natural linear polysaccharide<span><span> and has biocompatibility, non-toxicity, non-immunogenicity, </span>biodegradability, </span></span></span>antimicrobial activity, and can be simply gelled with </span>divalent cations<span><span> and used in a number of biomedical applications. So, in this study, we use simple Na-alginate solution as surgical sealant<span><span> for wound close. We prepared 0.3% (w/w) alginate hydrogel solution and in vivo and in vitro experiment was carried out. Surgical incision along with bleeding was made on mouse dorsal surface and then closed the wound using either alginate solution or traditional </span>suture materials<span>. After 1 week and 2 weeks we found that alginate sample effectively sealed the bleeding wound and promote tissue regeneration without the aid of other surgical/dressing tools. We hypothesis that this suture-free wound closure may be very useful for those wounds on which sutures are hard to be placed and where aesthetic appearance are concerned. The convenient handling procedures, </span></span></span>tissue adhesion, and aesthetic view of the wound surface, make alginate a promising materials for sealing applications of surgical practice.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 18-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44407890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound healing properties of aqueous extracts of Sargassum illicifolium: An in vitro assay","authors":"Amal D. Premarathna ,&nbsp;T.H. Ranahewa ,&nbsp;S.K. Wijesekera ,&nbsp;R.R.M.K.K. Wijesundara ,&nbsp;Anura P. Jayasooriya ,&nbsp;Viskam Wijewardana ,&nbsp;R.P.V.J. Rajapakse","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Seaweeds contain biologically active molecules which are important in the pharmaceutical industry. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of aqueous extract of seaweeds:<em>Sargassum illicifolium</em><span> (S.i) on the stimulation of mouse fibroblast cell proliferation and migration.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p><em>Sargassum illicifolium</em>-SW12, <em>Sargassum illicifolium</em>-SW13, and <em>Sargassum illicifolium</em><span>-SW23 were collected from Northern, North Western and Southern coastal sites of Sri Lanka respectively. To determine the cytotoxic of S.i extracts were used the MTT assay. The scratch wound healing assay was performed using the mouse fibroblasts (L929) cells that assess the cell proliferation and migration. The highest cell proliferation of S.i species aqueous extracts was measured by observing the change in the size of the scratch wound area.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A concentration of S.i extracts 0.954 ± 0.04 μg/μl (Mean ± SE), (P &lt; 0.05) had highest proliferative and migratory effect on L929 cells when compared with the control. Cell proliferation and/or migration was as follows: S.i-SW23 extracts (0.97 μg/μl, 205.4 ± 17.32%) was higher compared to extracts of S.i-SW12 (1.06 μg/μl, 175.8 ± 13.09%), S.i-SW13 (0.94 μg/μl, 178.8 ± 2.22%) and the control (100%). Scratch wound healing of S.i-SW23 extracts exhibited a significant enhancement within 24 h (P &lt; 0.05) with a wound area of 97.83 ± 0.05% compared with the control (46.11 ± 0.54%). At 24 h S.i-SW23 extracts completely closed the wound.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Cell proliferation and migration were significantly faster in those treated with S.i-SW23 aqueous extracts when compared with the control group. Moreover, no cytotoxic effect of S.i aqueous extracts on L929 cell line were observed. This study suggests that S.i might be a potential therapeutic agent for skin wound healing by promoting fibroblast proliferation and migration. Further studies are highly warranted to identify active molecules in the extracts. Moreover, <em>in-vivo</em> studies would further verify wound healing therapeutic applications shown here.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2018.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43275113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of short duration of electrical stimulation on wound healing in acute wound in a rat model","authors":"Yunita Sari ,&nbsp;Hartono ,&nbsp;Eman Sutrisna ,&nbsp;Saryono","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Prolonged application of electrical stimulation (ES) will cause skin discomfort and burns, and therefore may be harmful in the elderly population with morbid conditions. Therefore, it is needed to apply ES in a short duration. However, currently, no studies have been conducted that investigated the effect of short duration of ES on wound healing. This study purpose was to investigate the effect of short duration of ES on wound healing of acute wounds in rats.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, a wound was created on the back of rats. Rats were assigned to one of the following 4 groups; ES treatment 5 minutes (5-min group), ES treatment 10 minutes group (10-min group), ES treatment 15 minutes (15-min group), and a control group (film dressing). ES (20 Hz, 320 μs, 50 μA) was delivered for 11 days.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From day 4 onward, wound sizes were significantly lower in the 10-min group when compared to the 15-min group, and control group on day 10 and 11. In the 10-min group, inflammation was the lowest when compared to other groups, while the intensity of fibroblast was significantly higher than in the 15-min and control groups. Reepithelialization was most advanced in the 10-min group compared with other groups. The number of MMP-9 positive cells was not significantly different among groups, whereas the number of VEGF-positive cells was significantly higher in the 10-min group when compared with other groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>ES application for 10 minutes significantly reduced inflammation, improved reepithelialization and angiogenesis when compared to shorter and longer applications. ES for 10 minutes also significantly improved wound healing when compared to the use of modern dressing alone. Therefore, it is recommended to apply ES for 10 minutes a day to improve wound healing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 36-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43484720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound healing models: A systematic review of animal and non-animal models","authors":"Diana G. Sami ,&nbsp;Hana H. Heiba ,&nbsp;Ahmed Abdellatif","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic wounds and ulcers are a significant challenge to researchers and healthcare providers. Research into the area of wound care is in great need due to the increase in incidence and healthcare cost. Wound healing models are essential to test new therapeutics, study the pathogenesis of the tissue repair mechanism and to detect new biomarkers. The aim of this review is to provide an overview for currently available animal and non-animal wound healing models.</p><p>Several models have been used to study the wound healing process including <span><em>in silico</em></span>, <em>in vitro,</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. There is no one single appropriate model for a study to be effective; instead a combination of models should be employed. In conclusion, animal models despite their many disadvantages remain the best available alternative to study the complex cellular and molecular interactions that occur during the wound healing process in a biologically relevant environment. Multiple models are necessary to study different types of chronic wounds due to the lack of an ideal comprehensive model that is close to humans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 8-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2018.12.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43238113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound healing characteristics of a novel wound healing ointment in an abrasive wound model: A randomised, intra-individual clinical investigation","authors":"M. Kuhlmann ,&nbsp;W. Wigger-Alberti ,&nbsp;Y.v. Mackensen ,&nbsp;M. Ebbinghaus ,&nbsp;R. Williams ,&nbsp;F. Krause-Kyora ,&nbsp;R. Wolber","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Moist wound healing conditions are beneficial in a professional wound care setting as well as for self-treatment of acute, superficial wounds. The purpose of this randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded investigation was to determine the local tolerability, wound healing efficacy and cosmetic outcome of a novel wound healing ointment in an intra-individual comparison of 4 treatment regimens in an abrasive wound model.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Standardized abrasive wounds were induced on the inner forearms of 30 healthy subjects and 4 treatment regimens were randomly allocated to test areas (wound healing ointment covered with standard first aid dressing, wound healing ointment covered with gauze, standard first aid dressing alone, untreated area covered with gauze). Wounds were treated once daily for 11 days. Local tolerability and wound healing were assessed using visual scoring and digital photography on 5 different days. The cosmetic outcome was evaluated on a follow-up visit on Day 31.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The wound healing ointment exhibited excellent local tolerability with superior assessments in comparison to treatment utilizing only dressings without ointment. Significant differences between AUC values for re-epithelization and overall wound healing efficacy were demonstrated in favor of treatment with the wound healing ointment in comparison to dry wound healing conditions. Wounds treated with the wound healing ointment showed a faster onset of healing and the cosmetic outcome was rated as being superior for the wound healing ointment both by the investigator and the subject.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Superficial cutaneous wounds treated with the novel wound healing ointment displayed a significant improvement of wound healing with an earlier onset of re-epithelization, faster wound closure and a better cosmetic outcome. Clinically relevant accelerated wound healing compared to traditional dry healing could be shown demonstrating the benefits of moist wound healing conditions also in the treatment of minor, superficial wounds (Clinical trial identification number: EUDAMED_CIV 17-04-019364).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2019.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43504803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound dressings for leg ulcers in Germany: Distribution, regional variations and health care providers","authors":"Kristina Hagenström ,&nbsp;Kerstin Protz ,&nbsp;Gerd Glaeske ,&nbsp;Matthias Augustin","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although there are standards in guideline-compliant treatment<span> of chronic wounds, little is known about the use of wound dressings in Germany.</span></p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of the longitudinal study was to analyze the use of wound dressings, to explore regional differences and to characterize prescriptions by different physician specialties in patients<span> with leg ulcers in Germany.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Wound dressing rates for incident leg ulcers were analyzed from a German statutory health insurance between 2010 and 2012.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From 2010 to 2012, out of 7,248,644 insured persons 0.52% [95%-CI 0.51–0.52%] were identified as having an incident ulcer. 76.0% were treated with hydroactive wound dressings. By contrast, in 23.7% only non-hydroactive dressings were used, and more often prescribed in venous (24.0%) than in mixed leg ulcers (20.8%). Most frequently used products were foam dressings (49.7%), followed by gauze compresses (29.5%). Wound specialized physicians had the highest overall proportion of prescriptions (60.2%) and a slightly higher proportion of non-hydroactive wound dressings. Large regional variations were observed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In Germany, a high level of use of hydroactive wound dressings in leg ulcers and marked regional variations were found.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"23 ","pages":"Pages 58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48086030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regenerative effect of epiregulin-loaded hydrogel","authors":"Mario Migliario,&nbsp;Filippo Renò","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Rapid and efficient wound healing response is essential to maintain whole organism integrity and homeostasis. Such process could be influenced by a plethora of factors that when interfering with the different healing phases finally result in impaired </span>tissue repair. Furthermore, defective healing process is often associated with chronic and difficult to heal wounds, both conditions deeply affecting patients’ </span>quality of life.</p><p>Advanced wound management solutions are the new standard in difficult to heal treatment and their key feature is represented by their ability to protect the wound bed but also to direct cellular behavior.</p><p>The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effectiveness of a bioactive hydrogel in modulating wound healing in a rat excisional wound model.</p><p>Surgical wounds<span> were treated with hydrogel matrix enriched with a keratinocyte specific growth factor (epiregulin), saline (control condition) or the different hydrogel components alone.</span></p><p>Results showed from both a macroscopic and microscopic point of view a faster wound closure in hydrogel treated wounds associated with a better quality of the regenerated tissue.</p><p>Such results thus support the use of the proposed hydrogel matrix as a springboard to develop innovative advanced wound dressings to treat difficult to heal wounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"23 ","pages":"Pages 6-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44844971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absorbable vs non absorbable sutures for wound closure. Systematic review of systematic reviews","authors":"Sharaf Sheik-Ali ,&nbsp;Wilfried Guets","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To provide an overview of evidence on Absorbable and non-absorbable sutures (AS &amp; NAS) for the closure of surgical incisions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Medline, Embase and Cochrane library were searched for systematic reviews<span> including randomised control trials (RCTs) on AS and NAS. Those that matched the inclusion criterion were analysed for data on surgical site infections, </span></span>post operative complications<span> and risk of wound dehiscence.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The systematic review of reviews yielded data on 5781 patients in 25 RCTs. There was no significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) noted in surgical site infections, post operative complications or risk of wound dehiscence post use of NAS or AS sutures.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates that absorbable sutures are not superior to non absorbable sutures in the three areas examined: surgical site infections, post operative complications and risk of wound dehiscence. However, there was significant heterogeneity between included RCTs in the systematic reviews. Further RCTs are needed to evaluate the differences between absorbable and non absorbable sutures that are reflected in size of wounds and location.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"23 ","pages":"Pages 35-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47237818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excision wound healing activity of a common biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas sp.","authors":"Santanu Sana ,&nbsp;Sriparna Datta ,&nbsp;Dipa Biswas ,&nbsp;Biswajit Auddy ,&nbsp;Mradu Gupta ,&nbsp;Helen Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Wound is an inherent process to regenerate the cellular cohesion of tissue. Present study deal with the accelerating potentiality of rhamnolipid produced by <em>P. aeruginosa</em> C2 using fat of <em>Catla catla</em> fish as an economic substrate to heal wound in a shorter time.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>An ointment containing rhamnolipid (5 g/l) was administered on the back of each wister rat after creating excision wound of 50 mm²<span>. The examined parameters were percentage wound reduction, tissue tensile strength, DNA, protein, hexosamine content and histological study of regenerated tissue and TNF α estimation from blood serum.</span></p></div><div><h3>Main findings</h3><p>Rhamnolipid enhanced the rate of wound contraction within 10 days in comparison to untreated control group (p &lt; 0.05). The higher tensile strength of the rhamnolipid treated group signified (p &lt; 0.05) improved collagenesis which was supported by remarkably higher DNA, total protein and hexosamine content of the regenerated tissue at the wound site in comparison to untreated control group. Diminishing level of TNF-α in serum, histopathological studies revealed significant healing effect of rhamnolipid. Moreover activity of rhamnolipid against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> ATCC6588 may have contributed towards wound healing by protecting the wound site from bacterial contamination.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results of this study have expressed that rhamnolipid can be used as a wound healing material for excision wound. Rhamnolipid can provide additional advantage in healing by showing protection from bacterial infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"23 ","pages":"Pages 47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49579571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and persistence of biofilms on cared chronic wounds: A large multicentric clinical study","authors":"Fromantin Isabelle ,&nbsp;Seyer Damien ,&nbsp;Rollot Florence ,&nbsp;Meaume Sylvie ,&nbsp;Chauty Annick ,&nbsp;Diallo Alhassane ,&nbsp;Escande Marie Christine ,&nbsp;Teot Luc ,&nbsp;Larreta Garde Véronique","doi":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The prevalence of biofilms on chronic wounds is difficult to evaluate and the clinical diagnosis of biofilm remains essentially based on expert opinions. While all previous studies converge towards the proof that biofilm presence on non-healing chronic wounds is the general case, no study reports its occurrence on cared wounds after including anti-biofilm treatment. This prospective and observational study is devoted to evaluating the presence of biofilm on cared human chronic wound samples.</p></div><div><h3>M&amp;M</h3><p><span>A prospective cohort study of &gt; 100 patients with chronic wounds (duration &gt; 6 weeks) was conducted over 2 years in 4 centers. Samplings were realized in the deepest and/or most necrotic zone of the wound after cleansing. </span>Fluorescence microscopy technique was used to demonstrate the evidence of biofilms in wound samples.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Biofilms were identified on 23% of cleansed wounds.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>This large difference from the previous studies found in the literature which report 60% of biofilms on chronic wounds could be explained by the inclusion criteria and sampling procedures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38278,"journal":{"name":"Wound Medicine","volume":"23 ","pages":"Pages 28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43970870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}