Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage最新文献

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3D reconstruction of cultural heritage sites; A case study of Patan Durbar Square 文物遗址三维重建;帕坦杜巴广场的案例研究
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00492
Pratik Shrestha, Sujan Kapali, Vishal Pokharel, Jyoti Tandukar, Santosh Giri, Amrit Aryal
{"title":"3D reconstruction of cultural heritage sites; A case study of Patan Durbar Square","authors":"Pratik Shrestha,&nbsp;Sujan Kapali,&nbsp;Vishal Pokharel,&nbsp;Jyoti Tandukar,&nbsp;Santosh Giri,&nbsp;Amrit Aryal","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over time, cultural heritage sites deteriorate, making it vital to document their original state for future generations. We present an efficient system for 3D modeling and reconstruction of cultural heritage, demonstrated on Patan Durbar Square. Short video clips were captured from various angles using an iPhone 13, and individual frames were extracted to form overlapping datasets of about 900–1300 frames per site. Using COLMAP for camera pose and sparse point cloud estimation, Gaussian splatting reconstructed both geometry and appearance. However, the baseline implementation introduced artifacts and required extensive training. We therefore evaluated multiple strategies, including Splatfacto and artifact removal and segmentation methods. Combining GroundingDINO and SAM effectively removed people and birds, while Splatfacto with masking and bilateral grids produced high-quality reconstructions. The proposed pipeline enables accurate, scalable, and efficient 3D documentation of cultural heritage sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From pre-trip to post-trip in improving the Tourist Experience (TE) with AR and VR in cultural heritage tourism 从旅行前到旅行后,AR和VR在文化遗产旅游中提升游客体验
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00503
Maysam Shafiee Roodposhti , Faezeh Esmaeelbeigi
{"title":"From pre-trip to post-trip in improving the Tourist Experience (TE) with AR and VR in cultural heritage tourism","authors":"Maysam Shafiee Roodposhti ,&nbsp;Faezeh Esmaeelbeigi","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel framework for enhancing tourist experience management in cultural heritage tourism through Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies. Using a systematic literature review and meta-synthesis, the research examines how these technologies function across the three stages of the tourist journey—pre-trip, during-trip, and post-trip—with particular attention to their role in interpreting, communicating, and enriching cultural heritage. The findings indicate that AR and VR not only support tourists’ decision-making and destination awareness in the pre-trip phase but also provide immersive, educational, and context-rich experiences at heritage sites during the trip. In the post-trip stage, these technologies contribute to memory retention, feedback generation, and long-term engagement with cultural heritage. By highlighting key touchpoints and functional contributions of immersive technologies, this study proposes an integrated framework that can support the design of innovative digital heritage services and strengthen satisfaction, learning, and loyalty in cultural heritage tourism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Universal aesthetics in the rural handicrafts of Etikoppaka village in India 印度Etikoppaka村乡村手工艺品的普遍美学
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00518
Chaganti Durga Prasad
{"title":"Universal aesthetics in the rural handicrafts of Etikoppaka village in India","authors":"Chaganti Durga Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Statistical analysis of the structural dimensions of human figure artefacts (n = 30) reveals that indigenous skills align with universal visual standards. This research connects the perilous traditional wood turning handicraft of Etikoppaka village, Andhra Pradesh, India, with sacred Western philosophies. The data indicate that 68.63% of the measured ratios fall within the Golden ratio band, 13.94% within the 2/3 ratio band, and 11.56% within the Platinum ratio band. Additionally, interviews with design experts and artisans (n = 9) suggest these geometric regularities stem from intuitive mastery and embodied conventional knowledge rather than explicit calculation.</div><div>The merging of quantitative data with qualitative cultural insights highlights the global aesthetic norms within this endangered rural legacy. Finally, the paper outlines strategies for heritage conservation, design education, and the sustainable promotion of Indian artisanal communities within international markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“The track seen with Polycam”: a comparative study of SfM-based 3D documentation applied to architectural structures and decorative motifs at the Holy Sepulchre (Jerusalem) “用Polycam看到的轨迹”:基于sfm的3D文档应用于圣墓(耶路撒冷)的建筑结构和装饰图案的比较研究
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00480
Federica Vacatello, Alessandro Melega
{"title":"“The track seen with Polycam”: a comparative study of SfM-based 3D documentation applied to architectural structures and decorative motifs at the Holy Sepulchre (Jerusalem)","authors":"Federica Vacatello,&nbsp;Alessandro Melega","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comparative analysis of two Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry tools — Agisoft Metashape (desktop) and Polycam (mobile) — applied to the 3D documentation of architectural features and decorative elements at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Conducted within an ongoing archaeological investigation by Sapienza University of Rome, this study evaluates the effectiveness, accuracy, and workflow adaptability of both platforms in field conditions. Two wall sections (LW J32 and LW J76) and a decorated marble base (G72) were selected for detailed modeling using both tools. Results show that Metashape delivers high-resolution meshes suitable for advanced archaeological analysis, particularly under controlled lighting and with DSLR image sets. In contrast, Polycam enables rapid, on-site documentation in spatially constrained areas, producing geometrically accurate models with acceptable visual quality. The integration of Polycam and Metashape workflows also demonstrated potential for hybrid strategies, where mobile scanning complements high-end processing. This approach proved especially effective in documenting partially obstructed or hard-to-access features. The study confirms the value of using both tools in a complementary manner to enhance archaeological recording, visualization, and interpretation workflows in complex excavation settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Near-infrared focus-stacking photogrammetry for surface morphology analysis and text recovery in Herculaneum papyri 近红外聚焦叠加摄影测量法用于赫库兰尼纸莎草纸表面形貌分析和文本恢复
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00516
Danilo Paolo Pavone , Sofia Ceccarelli , Chiara Florise Amadei , Bruno Fanini , Costanza Miliani , Graziano Ranocchia
{"title":"Near-infrared focus-stacking photogrammetry for surface morphology analysis and text recovery in Herculaneum papyri","authors":"Danilo Paolo Pavone ,&nbsp;Sofia Ceccarelli ,&nbsp;Chiara Florise Amadei ,&nbsp;Bruno Fanini ,&nbsp;Costanza Miliani ,&nbsp;Graziano Ranocchia","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Greek papyri are an important source of information about materials and manufacture of ancient bookrolls, and the texts they transmit contribute to our knowledge of classical literature and history. Nevertheless, access to their contents is not always effortless, such as in the case of carbonised Herculaneum papyri, where the black charred substrate is morphologically complex and the text on it is indistinguishable. Herculaneum papyri– the only classical library directly survived from antiquity – were preserved through carbonisation by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. The capacity of reading the text, hidden between papyrus folds and overlapping layers, is crucial for their interpretation, representing, at the same time, a methodological challenge. In this paper, an experimental approach has been developed by using Near-Infrared Macro Focus-Stacking Photogrammetry aimed at enhancing our ability to read the text contained in unrolled papyri and gaining new information about the morphology of the papyrus substrate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social network analyses of interactions between coastal Central-Western Anatolia, Greek Eastern Macedonia and the north Aegean based on Neolithic pottery decorations 基于新石器时代陶器装饰的沿海安纳托利亚中西部、希腊东马其顿和爱琴海北部之间互动的社会网络分析
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00515
Erkan Gürçal , Yasin Cemre Derici , Burçin Erdoğu
{"title":"Social network analyses of interactions between coastal Central-Western Anatolia, Greek Eastern Macedonia and the north Aegean based on Neolithic pottery decorations","authors":"Erkan Gürçal ,&nbsp;Yasin Cemre Derici ,&nbsp;Burçin Erdoğu","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this article is to understand the interactions between coastal Central-<em>Western</em> Anatolia, Greek Eastern Macedonia and the North Aegean regions by using social network analysis to examine the regional patterning in decorated Neolithic pottery. These regions were chosen due to their similar emergence and development of pottery styles. Networks were built during three periods: 6600–6200 cal. BC; 6200–6000/5900 cal. BC and 6000/5900–5500 cal. BC. The results of the network analysis show the presence of well-developed local interaction areas during these three periods. Additionally, the results demonstrate that the similarity of pottery decoration has changed over time, with some local features also emerging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ancient Marathi Inscription Database: Evaluation of data augmentation techniques for ancient inscription enhancement system 古马拉地铭文数据库:古铭文增强系统的数据增强技术评价
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00509
Bapu D. Chendage , Rajivkumar S. Mente
{"title":"Ancient Marathi Inscription Database: Evaluation of data augmentation techniques for ancient inscription enhancement system","authors":"Bapu D. Chendage ,&nbsp;Rajivkumar S. Mente","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an inscription image database for the ancient Marathi inscription image enhancement system. The database was created from inscription images of carved ancient Marathi text of ancient time. Thus, the database provides the basis for developing algorithms for ancient Marathi inscription image enhancement system. The database contains 1000 inscription images; it consists of 10,000 characters from ancient times. Augmentation techniques play an important role in enhancing image processing models’ performance. Different traditional and Machine learning based augmentation techniques are applied on database. The experiments showed that common methods like flipping, rotating, and resizing resulted in PSNR values under 20 dB with moderate SSIM scores around 0.7, suggesting less improvements in inscription images. GAN-based and Style Transfer GAN methods greatly improved image quality, reaching PSNR values over 33 dB, SSIM scores above 0.9, and much lower perceptual distances measured by LPIPS and FID. Database is available on: <span><span>https://rb.gy/lg78sk</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital reintegration of fragmented wall paintings: 3D texture mapping of historical photographs in the Santos Juanes church restoration 碎片壁画的数字整合:桑托斯·胡安斯教堂修复中历史照片的3D纹理映射
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00514
Enrique Priego de los Santos , José Herraez Boquera , José Luis Denia Rios , Jose Luis Regidor Ros
{"title":"Digital reintegration of fragmented wall paintings: 3D texture mapping of historical photographs in the Santos Juanes church restoration","authors":"Enrique Priego de los Santos ,&nbsp;José Herraez Boquera ,&nbsp;José Luis Denia Rios ,&nbsp;Jose Luis Regidor Ros","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the main challenges faced during the final phases of the project to reintegrate the wall paintings assembly of the church of Santos Juanes in the city of Valencia (Spain) was achieving a three-dimensional fit of the pictorial program onto the irregular vault of the central nave. These frescoes, painted by the renowned artist Antonio Palomino at the end of the 17th century, were partially damaged by a fire in 1936. A subsequent and poorly executed restoration further damaged the works by removing them from the vault and dividing them into irregular panels, failing to preserve their original appearance and compositional balance.</div><div>In this new restoration project, digital techniques are being used to return the displaced paintings to their original positions. The virtual reintegration of the iconographic program through the digital processing of historical photographs has allowed for the recovery of the artwork and the enhancement of the few surviving original fragments.</div><div>The solution presented in this study is based on a methodology that constructs the optimal design so that the surface of each of the panels (parts into which the painting has been divided) adjusts to the curvature and irregular form of the vault. This ensures that the figures and allegorical characters of the paintings retain visual continuity, allowing the viewers to experience the restored paintings as closely as possible to how the painter originally intended.</div><div>To plan the restoration accurately, it was necessary to develop a detailed, textured 3D model of the architectural surfaces that housed the paintings, the barrel vault of the nave and the quarter-sphere vault of the chancel, onto which any available images from historical photographs taken before the fire were precisely adapted, enabling a virtual reconstruction of Antonio Palomino's original wall paintings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digitising stećci – 3D documentation and relief visualisation of medieval tombstones 数字化stećci -中世纪墓碑的3D文档和浮雕可视化
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00497
Luka Škerjanec , Saša Čaval , Žiga Kokalj
{"title":"Digitising stećci – 3D documentation and relief visualisation of medieval tombstones","authors":"Luka Škerjanec ,&nbsp;Saša Čaval ,&nbsp;Žiga Kokalj","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2026.e00497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the medieval funerary phenomenon of stećci through advanced digital techniques. Employing photogrammetry and structured light scanning, we digitised a number of stećci to compare the effectiveness of these methods for accurate surface reconstruction. The comparisons have shown that both methods are capable of producing comparable models under optimal capturing conditions. A number of different smoothing and mesh refinement techniques were employed to remove surface deformations and make the carvings more visible. The use of surface-enhancing visualisations proved to be a prerequisite for accurate and reliable interpretation of the iconographic and epigraphic features on stećci. Among the tested visualisations, those based on Digital Elevation Models (DEM) were the most effective, with the Simple Local Relief Model (SLRM) combined with hillshading from three directions (HSMD) proving particularly reliable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimising 3D models of historical clothing: A data-driven framework for balancing accuracy and performance 优化历史服装的3D模型:平衡准确性和性能的数据驱动框架
Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00487
Aleksei Moskvin , Mariia Moskvina , Victor Kuzmichev
{"title":"Optimising 3D models of historical clothing: A data-driven framework for balancing accuracy and performance","authors":"Aleksei Moskvin ,&nbsp;Mariia Moskvina ,&nbsp;Victor Kuzmichev","doi":"10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digitisation of historical clothing through 3D modelling offers transformative opportunities for preserving and studying cultural heritage. However, the complexity of digital twins limits their practical application. This study introduces a data-driven optimisation framework balancing geometric accuracy and performance of models. The framework employs 200 high-polygonal models and 2000 simplified versions generated via the quadric-based edge collapse algorithm to measure approximation errors with the Hausdorff distance. Regression models were developed to predict these errors based on the number of triangles per unit area (TPC). A target TPC range of 26.22 … 2.40 triangles/cm<sup>2</sup> was established and validated through out-of-sample testing on examples created via 3D scanning, photogrammetry, and CAD reconstruction. Results show the framework maintains acceptable geometric accuracy while significantly improving rendering speed, processing time and file size. This approach enhances the reliability and clarity of digital representations of historical clothing, supporting their use in virtual museums, education and research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38225,"journal":{"name":"Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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