Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers最新文献

{"title":"Conversion of polypropylene into valued-added gasoline range hydrocarbons by catalytic pyrolysis at atmospheric pressure: different composite catalysts of HZSM-5, HY and MCM-41","authors":"Samira Rahimi ,&nbsp;Ali Shahdadi ,&nbsp;Reza Alizadeh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rostamizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The synergic effect of textural and acidity properties of zeolite composite catalysts needs to be investigated, to improve catalyst design for plastic pyrolysis. The proximity of the acid sites of the catalysts can increase accessibility and reduce the diffusion limitation of macromolecules, improving the performance of zeolite catalysts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, polypropylene (PP) pyrolysis was studied over different zeolites (ZSM-5, HY, and MCM-41) and their diverse composites in a dual-bed fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure. The parent catalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal method and two techniques (granular mixing and powder mixing) were applied to prepare the composite catalysts. The structure and acidity of the catalysts were characterized by FE-SEM, XRD, BET-BJH, NH₃-TPD, FT-IR, and TGA techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Significant Findings</h3><div>The catalysts included a uniform morphology, high crystallinity, high surface area (&gt;360 m²g⁻¹), and mesopore structure. The MCM-41/HY composite catalyst had superior catalytic performance in both forms of granular mixing and powder mixing. The highest amount of gasoline hydrocarbons (76.6 %) was achieved by the powder mixing, including olefin (28.3 %), paraffin (1.7 %), isoparaffin (8 %), aromatic (5.6 %), and cyclo compounds (32.4 %). The developed catalyst showed high stability, reusability, and low coke tendency. Furthermore, high activity was achieved in the pyrolysis of real PP waste plastic. The composite catalysts offer improved shape selectivity and porosity, reducing the diffusion limitation of macromolecules and leading to high activity in multi-step/cascade reactions. The results confirmed the high potential of the zeolite composite catalysts in catalytic pyrolysis of PP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106184"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse CFD method for thermal analysis of 3D turbulent natural convection in fin-enhanced cavities for HVAC applications","authors":"Han-Taw Chen ,&nbsp;Yu-Jun Zheng ,&nbsp;Hai-Chi Chang ,&nbsp;Wei-Mon Yan ,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammad Vahidhosseini ,&nbsp;Saman Rashidi","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Closed cavities with a heated bottom surface are commonly used in electronic cooling and HVAC industries, where effective thermal management is essential. This study aims to investigate 3D turbulent free convective thermal transport within such a chamber equipped with various fins.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An inverse CFD technique, coupled with extensive experimental temperature measurements, was employed. Various turbulence models, combined with RMSE, were used to forecast the fluid dynamics model and the unidentified thermal transport rate of the heater.</div></div><div><h3>Significant Findings</h3><div>The results identified the RNG k-ε model and the zero-equation model as appropriate flow models. Nusselt numbers, air temperature contours, and flow patterns compared well with existing correlations and experimental data. As the number of fins and cavity height increased, the configuration of cells and vortices could blend and restructure, affecting the formation of Rayleigh-Bénard convection cells. Increasing the number of fins also accelerated the flow speed in the cavity. The study confirmed that the fin material and heater temperature have minimal impact on air velocity patterns and temperature contours. This investigation is novel in applying the inverse CFD technique to this problem, providing new insights into the behavior of turbulent natural convection in finned cavities. The appropriate flow models are the RNG k-ε model with <em>N_f</em>=3 and the zero-equation method with <em>N_f</em>=0 and 7, respectively. In addition, <em>N_f</em>=3 provides the maximum convective heat transfer coefficient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106167"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of multi-layer perceptron to gravitational convection of a nano-suspension subject to exothermic reaction: Second law analysis","authors":"Ahmed M. Galal ,&nbsp;Amjad Ali Pasha ,&nbsp;M.K. Nayak ,&nbsp;Mohammed K. Al Mesfer ,&nbsp;Mohd Danish ,&nbsp;Sana Qaiyum","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Interestingly effective cooling is needed in the cavities of complex type geometries like adverse trapezium-shaped chamber in microelectronics, energy storage, heat exchangers, solar collectors, and chemical processing etc. for modern industries. Further, gravitational convection provides low-grade heat transfer applications and titanium dioxide is an effective nanoparticle because of its low cost, high stability and greater thermal conductivity. That is why the present study covers the natural convection of TiO₂-water nanofluid along with second law analysis within an adverse trapezium-shaped chamber subject to exothermic reaction via Arrhenius kinetics and periodic magnetic field.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The numerical solution of the present problem is obtained by implementing Finite element method (FEM). Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) as a kind of artificial neural network (ANN) is utilized to anticipate the amounts of maximum temperature and mean Nusselt number.</div></div><div><h3>Significant Findings</h3><div>The major new significant findings of the present study include that the streamlines, isotherms, velocities peter out due to the increment of the strength of the magnetic field. In other words, higher strength of magnetic field accounts for the controlling factor of the nanofluid motion and heat transfer within the adverse trapezium-shaped chamber. However, streamlines and isothermal lines upgrade with rise in Frank-Kamenetskii number and Rayleigh number, ratio of the cooler’s position to the length of the inclined side of the chamber. Total entropy generation upsurges due to rise in Hartmann number and Frank-Kamenetskii number. Average heat transfer rate shows significant enhancement of 148.35% for rise of Rayleigh number from 10⁵ to 10⁶. In addition, the applied learning algorithm has great potential to predict the values of mean Nusselt and maximum temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106175"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screen additives for CH4/CO2 separation by gas hydrate technique: Investigating the effect of pyrrolidine, piperidine, 1-methylpiperidine, and 4-methylpiperidine on phase boundary and induction time of CO2 hydrate","authors":"Salal Hasan Khudaida,&nbsp;Yu-Hong Chen,&nbsp;Chie-Shaan Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigates the effect of four cyclic secondary amine additives, pyrrolidine, piperidine, 1-methylpiperidine, and 4-methylpiperidine, on CO₂ hydrate formation to advance gas hydrate techniques for CH₄/CO₂ separation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The equilibrium dissociation conditions were collected at 1.7–3.4 MPa with 5 and 10 wt% additive concentrations by an isochoric method. The Clausius–Clapeyron analysis and the Østergaard-Masoudi-Tohidi-Danesh-Todd model were used to speculate the CO₂ hydrate structure and to correlate the dissociation data, respectively. In addition, the effects of pyrrolidine and piperidine at 5 and 10 wt% concentrations on the induction time of CO₂ hydrate formation were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Significant findings</h3><div>Cyclic secondary amines, particularly pyrrolidine, exhibited the strongest inhibition compared to previously reported thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs), such as amines, alcohols, and ionic liquids. In addition, pyrrolidine and piperidine also significantly prolonged the induction time of CO₂ hydrate and kinetically inhibited CO₂ hydrate formations. In summary, this study suggests that pyrrolidine and piperidine act as dual-function additives, promoting CH₄ hydrate formation while inhibiting CO₂ hydrate formation from both thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives. This unique characteristic presents a strong potential for CH₄/CO₂ separation via HBGS technology through the selective formation of CH₄ hydrate, as such additives have not been previously reported.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106166"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of composite material components on laser irradiation effects of resin-based composites","authors":"Mingzhe Li ,&nbsp;Xinyu Jia ,&nbsp;Lihong Gao ,&nbsp;Zhuang Ma ,&nbsp;Changbin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Resin-based composites with excellent properties are increasingly being utilized in laser environments, where the components of composites significantly influence the laser irradiation effects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study investigates the influence of resin thermal stability and fiber type on the laser irradiation effects of resin-based composites under consistent laser parameters. The research results show the polyurethane-based composites, with the lowest thermal stability, exhibit the lowest back surface temperature under laser irradiation. In contrast, the boron phenolic-based composites, with the highest thermal stability, show the highest front and back surface temperatures. Moreover, quartz fiber-reinforced composites, with lower thermal conductivity, are more susceptible to penetration under laser irradiation compared to carbon fiber-reinforced composites with higher thermal conductivity.</div></div><div><h3>Significant findings</h3><div>Therefore, the impact of different components on the laser irradiation performance of resin-based composites does not follow a single pattern. And the selection of appropriate material components should be based on specific requirements in practical applications. These studies bridge the knowledge gap on ablation mechanisms of diverse-structured composites under high-energy laser irradiation, offering crucial insights and theoretical backing to bolster the safety of resin-based composites in laser-heavy settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106176"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covalent incorporation of waterborne polyurethane with direct/reactive dyes for enhanced color stability","authors":"Han-Wen Kuo,&nbsp;Chen-Chen Tsao,&nbsp;Xiao-Yuan Lin,&nbsp;Hsiu-Hui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study focused on the development of copolymerized waterborne polyurethane (WPU) dyes by covalently bonding commercial direct and reactive dyes, including direct yellow 142 (Y142), direct red 224 (R224), and reactive blue 198 (B198). The objective was to produce <em>eco</em>-friendly dyes with stable properties suitable for sustainable textile applications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The copolymerization process between the dyes and WPU achieved an impressive 95.75 % efficiency, as confirmed through ¹HNMR and FTIR analyses. The resulting WPU dyes exhibited particle sizes of &lt;430 nm and zeta potentials ranging from –30.58 mV to –34.60 mV, ensuring a stable colloidal dispersion. UV–Visible spectral analyses demonstrated that the maximum absorption wavelengths of the dyes remained nearly unchanged after bonding with WPU, preserving their original color characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Significant findings</h3><div>The coated fabrics demonstrated outstanding dry rubbing fastness ratings exceeding level 4, indicating exceptional adhesion of the WPU dyes to the fabric. Furthermore, a straightforward wastewater treatment method was proposed, highlighting the potential applications of these WPU dyes in sustainable textile dyeing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106155"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive experimental and numerical investigation of a microrod-based active micromixer driven by the magnetic stirring mechanism","authors":"Sina Faraji,&nbsp;Javad Rahbar Shahrouzi","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The mixing process at the microscale is a complex challenge in microfluidic science, where implementing micromixers can facilitate effective mixing on lab-on-a-chip systems. Despite the advances, low mixing index, long mixing channel length, and lack of mixing controllability are still challenging in micromixers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The mixing efficiency of two distinct micromixers with different mixing zones, where a microrod is actuated by a magnetic field generated by a laboratory magnetic stirrer, was investigated numerically and experimentally. In addition, a square-shaped splitting and recombination channel was introduced into the micromixer's geometry to incorporate the advantages of both passive and active strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Significant findings</h3><div>The efficiency of mixing processes is significantly improved with an increased swing range of the oscillatory microrod. By changing the oscillation frequency of the microrod from 0 to 21 Hz, the mixing index increased from 70 % to 99 %. In contrast, the increasing fluid flow rate from 100 to 1000 μl/min has an inverse effect on the mixing index because of reducing residence time. Also, the viscosity of fluid has an inverse relationship with the mixing index. Finally, a predictive equation for the mixing index as a function of the affecting parameters was proposed using curve fitting and a genetic algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106160"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial engineering of Bi2S3 QD on FeTiO3 p-n heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin: Insights into morphological transition, mechanism and by-products toxicity evaluation","authors":"Zareen Suhara Nazeer Ali ,&nbsp;Asad Syed ,&nbsp;V. Subhiksha ,&nbsp;Abdallah M. Elgorban ,&nbsp;Meenakshi Verma ,&nbsp;Ling Shing Wong ,&nbsp;S. Sudheer Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rapid surge in population in recent years and a mismanagement of water resources have resulted in their pollution and scarcity. Depleting freshwater resources has not only impacted human life (human health) but also threatened aquatic biodiversity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present study involves the green synthesis of FeTiO₃/Bi₂S₃ p-n nano heterojunction by using the leaf extract of <em>D. erecta L</em> to enhance the photocatalytic mineralization of ciprofloxacin (CIP)<em>.</em> The comprehensive structure and optical properties were thoroughly evaluated through SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, BET, EIS, ESR, PL and DRS studies.</div></div><div><h3>Significant findings</h3><div>The fabricated nanocomposite (NC) displayed high catalytic performance under visible light irradiation degrading 96.4 % of CIP in 120 min. SEM images revealed unusual morphological transition of FeTiO₃ from nanosphere clusters to nanoflowers during the coupling process of Bi₂S₃ quantum dots (QDs). Furthermore, the prominent radical species were identified to be O₂^.- and ^.OH through ESR and radical scavenging studies. The reusability of the material was evaluated by testing through six consecutive photocatalytic cycle and was calculated to be 94.9 %, and the stability was further confirmed by XRD and XPS analysis of used catalyst. The intermediates produced during photodegradation were identified through GC-MS analysis and a possible degradation pathway was proposed. Subsequently, the toxicity of the resulting by-product was evaluated through ECOSAR tool. The study presents FeTiO₃/Bi₂S₃ as a promising candidate in terms of improved photocatalytic activity for wastewater treatment and environmental applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106163"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of melt index in an industrial ethylene-vinyl acetate process using a recurrent neural network soft sensor and multiple virtual control strategies","authors":"Heng-Shan Kao ,&nbsp;Ming-Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Hao-Yeh Lee ,&nbsp;Pan-Hsin Wu ,&nbsp;Cheng-Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Jeffrey D. Ward ,&nbsp;I-Lung Chien","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study concerns the development of a gated recurrent units (GRU) artificial neural network (ANN) model and three virtual controllers for controlling melt index (MI) in an industrial ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) resin production process. Candidate input variables (features) were selected using the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) method and also operator experience and engineering knowledge. Bayesian optimization was applied to determine the optimal values of hyperparameters. Model performance was quantified using the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Step tests were performed to ensure process gain consistency. The predictive model was used to create virtual controllers using three control architectures: virtual PID, fuzzy, and model predictive control. Results show that the model can accurately predict melt index for most EVA grades. Furthermore, all virtual control systems can control the melt index to the setpoint for most grades, completing grade changeover faster and with less off-spec production than manual control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106154"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Color-tunable silica-coated-carbon dot-encapsulated LaCaAl3O7:Eu3+ phosphor: Bridging advanced lighting and multimodal security applications","authors":"S. Priyanka Chakradhar ,&nbsp;B.R. Radha Krushna ,&nbsp;S.C. Sharma ,&nbsp;Augustine George ,&nbsp;P. Manod ,&nbsp;K. Ponnazhagan ,&nbsp;K. Manjunatha ,&nbsp;Sheng Yun Wu ,&nbsp;H. Nagabhushana","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A novel series of silica (SiO₂) coated carbon dots (CDs) grafted onto LaCaAl₃O₇:Eu³⁺ (LCAO:Eu³⁺) hybrid phosphors is synthesized using a simple solution combustion method with coconut water as the fuel. These nanocomposites (NCs) are designed to enhance the photoluminescence (PL) properties of the LCAO:Eu³⁺ matrix. CDs improved the absorption cross-section of red-emitting Eu³⁺ ions, significantly increasing luminescence intensity. The NCs exhibited color tunability and temperature sensitivity, making them suitable for applications in lighting and anticounterfeiting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The NCs are synthesized by incorporating various concentrations of CDs into the LCAO:Eu³⁺ matrix, followed by SiO₂ coating to improve PL performance. The emission spectra are tuned by adjusting the CDs concentration and excitation wavelength. Comprehensive PL characterizations are performed, focusing on quantum yield (QY), luminescence intensity, and color tunability for practical applications.</div></div><div><h3>Significant Findings</h3><div>Incorporating CDs achieved a PL QY of 87.72 % and enhanced LCAO:3Eu³⁺ luminescence intensity 21.32-fold, further improved to 88.69-fold with SiO₂ coating. The NCs displayed tunable emission spectra (pink to deep blue) and a high CRI of 93 for white light emitting (w-LEDs). They functioned as optical thermometers with 3.02 % K⁻¹ sensitivity at 460 K. SiO₂/CDs(1, 3, 15, 25 wt %)@LCAO:3Eu³⁺ produced unique luminescent patterns, enabling robust anticounterfeiting and multi-level encryption for authentication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106145"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}