Daniyar Syrlybayev, Andrei Yankin, Asma Perveen, Didier Talamona
{"title":"SLM-printed lattice structures with tapered vertical struts: Design, simulation and experimentation","authors":"Daniyar Syrlybayev, Andrei Yankin, Asma Perveen, Didier Talamona","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study, designed new lattice structures using vertical struts that taper off. The degree of tapering was controlled using a parameter called “α”. To fabricate these structures, 3D-printing technology known as SLM (selected laser melting) was used. These lattice structures were also simulated using finite element analysis (FEA) and tested experimentally. The used material was 316L stainless steel. Stress–strain curves provided insights into their deformation behavior, revealing a noteworthy occurrence: the unloading modulus exceeded the loading modulus. The mechanical properties of these absolute and density-normalized lattice structures, demonstrated improvement with higher values of the shape parameter α. Yield stress increased by 31 %, loading modulus by 21 %, and energy absorption by 33 %. Specific yield stress improved by 24 %, and specific energy absorption increased by 27 %. While simulation and experimental results exhibited a correlation, they differed significantly in modulus estimation, with simulations overestimating it by more than 30 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 803-809"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying design complexity metrics for post-processing cost modeling in metal additive manufacturing","authors":"Riccardo C. Clemente, Seyed A. Niknam","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recent Additive manufacturing (AM) literature has primarily concentrated on exploring new avenues for improving the current technology and its applicability. It has also delved into research investments aimed at addressing the last remaining prediction challenges associated with current AM processes, particularly focusing to surface quality, accuracy, and internal composition. These limitations can often be mitigated though the application of post-processing techniques. Such techniques are often very costly both in time and monetary terms.</div><div>When it comes to the impact that shape complexity has on post-fabrication costs for AM parts, a gap in the literature is apparent. In recent years, more attention has been devoted to researching a general shape complexity metric. It has been suggested in the literature to combine multiple of complexity metrics techniques, to reach more comprehensive model. This aspect has not received enough attention in previous works. In addition, the relationship between shape complexity and post-processing costs has not been assessed. And there are no predictive models for post-processing costs based on complexity.</div><div>In this study, AM shapes for prototyping application are analysed. In this regard, previously established complexity metrics are used, together with expert’s assessments of post-processing costs, to create a model capable of predicting post-processing costs. This is achieved through a regression analysis using costs and complexity metrics values. The result of this research are two regression models, named 7 V and Vol/Sur Models, capable of predicting post-processing costs for AM parts produced through DMLS techniques with SS316L stainless steel powder. The accuracy of the two models is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 787-794"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mandar Shinde, Irving E. Ramirez-Chavez, Alexander Potts, Dhruv Bhate
{"title":"A critical assessment of the onset strain of densification in the evaluation of energy absorption for additively manufactured cellular materials","authors":"Mandar Shinde, Irving E. Ramirez-Chavez, Alexander Potts, Dhruv Bhate","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Densification strain is an essential parameter in the characterization of energy absorption of additively manufactured cellular structures. In addition to its own merits as a metric that indicates usable stroke length for energy absorbers, it is central to the computation of energy absorbed by the structure. However, at least four different approaches have been used in the literature, each with its own limitations. In this work, a critical review of these approaches is first presented. While the maximum efficiency approach has been demonstrated to be optimal for cellular foams, this work shows how, for some additively manufactured cellular materials, it can fail to estimate densification strain accurately due to its sensitivity to instantaneous stress values in the plateau region. An alternative method is proposed in this work that leverages peak stress instead to determine the onset strain of densification and is shown to be consistently accurate across a range of cellular materials. The method is validated with the results from an experimental study of energy absorption in six different types of cellular structures across three relative densities, with identical geometries fabricated in two different base materials and processes: AlSi10Mg with Laser Powder Bed Fusion, and Nylon-12 with Selective Laser Sintering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 708-719"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plasmonic image reproduction with solid-state superionic stamping (S4)","authors":"Boqiang Qian, Papia Sultana, Ricardo Toro, Glennys Mensing, Placid Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional top-down approaches for producing metallic nanostructures, despite being capable of producing arbitrary 2-D shapes, often use vacuum-based deep sub-micron lithographic fabrication technologies. This makes their use for single-use devices like chemical and bio-sensing substrates difficult to economically justify. Here, the authors demonstrate a manufacturing pathway that only uses such techniques to produce a master. This reusable master, coupled with a unique and facile electrochemical imprinting process, Solid-State Superionic Stamping (S4), is used to produce several replicated metallic nanostructures, thus demonstrating an economically feasible manufacturing pathway for single-use, nano-enabled devices.</div><div>This paper uses plasmonic image reproduction as an easy-to-visualize proxy for single-use devices such as plasmonic sensors and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates that require nanopatterned metallic structures. It demonstrates a process for replicating a picture by a set of metallic structures that plasmonically produce the desired colors locally. It uses a digitizing computational tool, direct-write Two-Photon Lithography (TPL) and a dry-etch process to rapidly produce a silicon master. This master is used to hot emboss nano-patterns in superionic glass blanks that, in turn, are used for electrochemical imprinting with S4 to reproduce the patterns on Ag substrates. The different steps in this process flow are described along with their role and effectiveness in contributing to a high-fidelity plasmonic image reproduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 575-580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanotechnology-enabled rapid investment casting of high-performance wrought aluminum alloys","authors":"Yitian Chi , Xiaochun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-performance wrought aluminium alloys are widely used in automobiles and aerospace industries owing to their high-volume precipitates after heat treatment. Investment casting as one of the precision manufacturing methods provides great potential to achieve excellent surface finishes and complex geometry for aluminium alloy components. However, these high-performance aluminium alloys are almost impossible to be investment cast due to their hot cracking susceptibility and severe shrinkage during solidification. In this study, we introduce nanotechnology to improve the processability of high-performance wrought aluminium alloys in investment casting by adding a small volume fraction of nanoparticles into the aluminium alloys. This work showed the unprecedented success of nanotechnology-enabled investment casting of high-strength wrought aluminium alloys (AA6061, AA2024, and AA7075) for excellent mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 339-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"History of NAMRI and NAMRC","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jake Dvorak , Dustin Gilmer , Ross Zameroski , Tony Schmitz
{"title":"Milling infiltrated carbon-bonded carbon fiber: Geometric attributes, surface characteristics, and feasibility","authors":"Jake Dvorak , Dustin Gilmer , Ross Zameroski , Tony Schmitz","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes a manufacturing approach for carbon-bonded carbon fiber where cyanoacrylate and wax infiltration are used to improve the handling and machinability of preforms. Structured light optical coordinate metrology is used to acquire a stock model for computer-aided manufacturing and work coordinate system definition for machining. Non-infiltrated (neat) and infiltrated samples are machined using the same part program to compare results. Geometric attributes are measured with a touch trigger probe coordinate measuring machine and surface characteristics are measured with an optical 3D measuring system. Experimental results show superior geometric accuracy and surface roughness for the infiltrated samples over the neat sample.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 429-434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wayne Cai, Matthew Bondy, Blair Carlson, Mark Baylis
{"title":"Prediction of automotive body-in-white distortion in paint baking process","authors":"Wayne Cai, Matthew Bondy, Blair Carlson, Mark Baylis","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal-induced distortion prediction of thin shell structures is a challenging task. It often involves highly nonlinear buckling behaviour, where the critical buckling temperature and post-buckling deformations are very sensitive not only to structural stiffness and boundary conditions but also minute geometric imperfections (a.k.a., “surface quality”) of the incoming parts. In the present work, novel Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) methods were developed to predict the thermal-induced distortion of automotive Body-in-White (BIW) panels during paint shop oven-baking processes. The CAE methodology consist of a set of three Finite Element Analysis (FEA) procedures, i.e., thermal-buckling mode analysis, thermo-structural analysis, and imperfection analysis. Two vehicle level case studies showed that simulations successfully predicted the thermal-induced distortion for panels such as the Body Side Outer (BSO) header. It was concluded that the distortion depends primarily on the temperature difference between the BSO and the rest of the BIW during the oven-baking process, rather than the temperatures themselves. Body panel forming quality (e.g., residual stresses and thickness thinning) and assembly dimensional quality were also found to impact the distortions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 270-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A non-iterative compensation method for machining errors of thin-walled parts considering coupling effect of tool-workpiece deformation","authors":"Guangyan Ge , Yukun Xiao , Jun Lv , Zhengchun Du","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thin-walled parts have significant application value in the aerospace industry due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. However, their low rigidity makes them susceptible to cutting force-induced error, which may seriously affect their machining accuracy. Error compensation is an effective method for addressing this issue. However, the commonly used mirror compensation method can cause residual errors due to the coupling effect of the tool-workpiece deformation. The influence mechanism of this coupling effect on error compensation is analyzed through an iterative compensation method. This method efficiently reduces residual errors. However, its computation efficiency is insufficient to meet the requirements of real-time compensation. Therefore, a non-iterative compensation method is proposed to directly calculate the compensation values considering the coupling effect of the tool-workpiece deformation. Through the approximate invariance of the overall cutting coefficient matrix and the pre-given system parameter, the proposed method avoids the repeated calculation of cutting forces and improves the computation efficiency. Experiment results of milling thin-walled blades show that after compensation using the proposed method, the machining accuracy of the thin-walled blade has seen a further increase of 18.1% in comparison to the mirror compensation method. Moreover, the proposed method achieves comparable compensation accuracy to the iterative method with a 66% reduction in computation time. The proposed method has significant potential for real-time compensation in the machining of complex 5-axis thin-walled parts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 287-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tianqi Zheng , Changyu Ma , Alexander Killips , Bingbing Li , Xiaochun Li
{"title":"Nanoparticle-enabled additive manufacturing of high strength 6061 aluminum alloy via Laser Powder Bed Fusion","authors":"Tianqi Zheng , Changyu Ma , Alexander Killips , Bingbing Li , Xiaochun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mfglet.2024.09.093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wrought aluminum alloy AA6061 is widely used in automotive, aerospace, and other industries due to its good properties, including high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and good weldability. However, when using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) for AA6061, hot cracking becomes a serious problem. In this work, AA6061 powder with internally dispersed nanoparticles has been adopted in a LPBF process. Through optimization of printing parameters, components with minimal porosity (less than 0.5 %) have been successfully produced without cracks. Additionally, by employing a chessboard printing strategy to create finely detailed cellular and grain structures, we have achieved significantly enhanced mechanical properties in its as-printed state for AA6061. These components exhibit an impressive yield strength (YS) of 233 MPa and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 310 MPa while maintaining a ductility of approximately 10 %. This performance surpasses that of commercial AA6061 and other Al-Si alloys, establishing it as a high-strength material suitable for various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38186,"journal":{"name":"Manufacturing Letters","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 753-757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}