Preventive Medicine Reports最新文献

{"title":"Serum γ-glutamyltransferase levels and obesity status changes the risk of prehypertension in Chinese adults","authors":"Zhi Wang ,&nbsp;Dongjun Chen ,&nbsp;Lingling Peng ,&nbsp;Xian Wang ,&nbsp;Qun Ding ,&nbsp;Liang Li ,&nbsp;Tongdao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>It’s well known that γ-Glutamyltransferase (γ-GGT) and obesity plays an important role in the development of preHT. However, the effect of γ-GGT on preHT in populations with different obesity status remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>From February 2014 to January 2018, a total of 20,368 participants were enrolled in this study after excluding those with hypertension and liver diseases. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure γ-GGT and blood lipid levels and glucose indices. Demographic and<!--> <!-->clinical parameters such as<!--> <!-->sex, age, height, weight, neck circumference (NC), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and body fat ratio (BFR); and information on smoking and alcohol consumption were collected by trained medical professionals.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants were divided into three groups based on obesity status. The prevalence of preHT was 83.5 % in the obesity group was higher than that in the overweight group (58.9 %) and the normal group (47.1 %). γ-GGT in different categories of obesity indices were significantly different, and higher obesity indices were found with higher γ-GGT levels. The interaction of γ-GGT and obesity indices such as NC, WC, HC, and BFR on the prevalence of preHT was significant (<em>P</em> = 0.028, 0.002, 0.007, and 0.034, respectively). Serum γ-GGT was found to be positively associated with preHT in participants with normal and overweight body mass indices.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results indicate that γ-GGT is a risk factor for preHT in participants who are nonobese, and that the obesity indices NC, WC, HC, BFR, and γ-GGT were contributing factors in increasing the risk of preHT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524002079/pdfft?md5=95f50ba9988ad3e5dd17fc07d4bcf2b1&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524002079-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141324089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual Placement and Support (IPS) beyond severe mental health: An overview review and meta-analysis of evidence around vocational outcomes","authors":"Adam Whitworth ,&nbsp;Susan Baxter ,&nbsp;Jane Cullingworth ,&nbsp;Mark Clowes","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To provide an overview review of international evidence of vocational outcomes in Individual Placement and Support (IPS) interventions for populations other than severe mental health.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An overview of reviews published in English since 2000 reporting vocational outcomes (job entry, work sustainment, earnings, work hours, time to job entry) against counterfactuals of IPS interventions for population groups other than severe mental health. The overview review maximises data from individual studies and includes additional recent primary studies. DerSimonian-Laird random effects meta-analysis was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirteen eligible studies were identified from five reviews and five more recent individual studies were also identified. IPS studies covered a range of groups with a concentration towards mental health. For the primary vocational outcome of job entry all IPS studies showed superior job entry rates compared to control groups with an overall weighted odds ratio of 1.78 [1.42,2.22]. Substantial heterogeneity was identified by study size and the overall weighted odds ratio of 1.32 [1.2,1.46] estimated from the large and medium sized studies seems a more plausible estimate of the likely effects of scaled-up IPS interventions in groups beyond severe mental health. Secondary vocational outcomes including job sustainment, total earnings, average weekly hours worked and time to job entry were typically superior in IPS services than control groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>IPS services are consistently more effective in supporting diverse population groups into sustained employment compared to business-as-usual employment services. The evidence is limited by unclear terminology, small sample sizes, incomplete intervention fidelity, intervention contamination and inconsistent measurement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524002018/pdfft?md5=366cb72550d9cf950398a0dae605c983&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524002018-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes and experiences of traditional Korean medicine practitioners in cases of traffic accidents: A qualitative study","authors":"Tae-Yoon Kim ,&nbsp;Jung-Hyun Kim ,&nbsp;Bonhyuk Goo ,&nbsp;Byung-Kwan Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The surge in vehicles has escalated traffic volume, leading to an upswing in traffic accidents and subsequent disorders. Complex symptoms often characterize post-traumatic syndrome from these accidents. Traditional Korean medicine (TKM), increasingly used in car insurance, forms a substantial part of treatment costs. However, the current system lacks explicit fee guidelines and approval criteria for non-reimbursable TKM procedures, relying heavily on practitioners’ judgment without robust evidence-based decision-making. This scenario raises concerns about treatment appropriateness and transparency. We aim to explore physicians’ perspectives on utilizing TKM in emergency medicine, their participation sentiments, and their session selection process post-traffic accident.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We collected TKM practitioners’ opinions regarding their role in clinical environment and involvement in treating patients after traffic accidents. The need for comprehensive and standardized protocols for the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prognosis of patients with post-traumatic syndrome is evident. Additionally, improvements that facilitate rational decision-making by medical consumers and protect the treatment rights of healthcare providers are necessary. Results has emphasized the importance of evidence-based decision-making, establishing appropriate fee structures and detailed criteria for non-reimbursable TKM-based procedures, and enhancing regulations for the reliability and transparency of TKM-based treatments in the context of car insurance.</p></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><p>The perspective of healthcare providers directly involved in TKM-based treatments must be considered to maintain a sustainable vehicular insurance system, transcending administrative policy discourse. We highlighted the challenges and potential solutions for improving the effectiveness and appropriateness of TKM-based treatments in the context of car insurance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524001827/pdfft?md5=695a62231e759fe148789dd54566eda4&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524001827-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A collective agenda: A qualitative study on Exercise is Medicine® On Campus gold-level institutions","authors":"Cayla R. McAvoy ,&nbsp;Alicia A. Dahl ,&nbsp;Jae Hoon Lim ,&nbsp;Patricia Bauer ,&nbsp;Larissa R. Brunner Huber","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The Exercise is Medicine® On Campus (EIM-OC) international campaign leverages university resources (e.g., health centers, recreation, and kinesiology departments) to encourage students, faculty, and staff to integrate physical activity into campus culture. This involves evaluating student physical activity levels during health visits and establishing referral systems for exercise prescriptions. EIM-OC allows universities to earn tiered recognition (Gold, Silver, or Bronze) based on their on-campus physical activity promotion and integration. For Gold recognition, schools must incorporate routine physical activity assessments into their health system, ultimately connecting healthcare providers with health/fitness professionals (HFPs, e.g., campus recreation professionals, kinesiology professors). This research worked to uncover pivotal factors driving EIM-OC on-campus collaborations through HFPs’ perspectives.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>HFPs (<em>n</em> = 11) working full-time at a Gold-level institution (<em>n</em> = 10 in United States) participated. Semi-structured, Zoom-recorded interviews with a generic qualitative research design were completed between June and September 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Major thematic findings included the importance of tangible support (e.g., personnel), encounters with both trust and tension cross-campus, positive student development opportunities, and variations in outcome reporting and program evaluation. Faculty and staff emphasized the need for methods to obtain and sustain program funding. Participants also expressed the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to increase the collective impact of EIM-OC on student health and overall collegiate success.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>HFPs expanded on their EIM-OC experiences and program sustainment or growth requirements. With increased interdisciplinary collaboration, rigor in outcome reporting, and tangible resources, the collective impact of EIM-OC on student health outcomes and overall collegiate success could be greatly perpetuated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524002006/pdfft?md5=7f41424e3bef7103afdd1bdaac0d8d4b&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524002006-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141405077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of occupational factors on low back pain in ride-sharing motorbike drivers in Bangladesh: A comprehensive cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Mohammad Ali ,&nbsp;Monirul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Abu Bakar Siddiq ,&nbsp;Nujaim Khan Pranto ,&nbsp;Marium Akter ,&nbsp;Marjan Akter Munny ,&nbsp;Md. Yusuf Ali ,&nbsp;S.M. Ahsan-ul-Hoque ,&nbsp;Suriya Afrin ,&nbsp;Md. Murad Hossain Mehedi","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Low back pain (LBP) is a major global public health issue, prevalent among various occupational groups worldwide. However, existing studies have predominantly focused on sedentary workers in developed nations, leaving a gap in understanding LBP prevalence and associated factors among occupational cohorts in low- and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and occupational factors contributing to LBP among ride-sharing motorbike drivers (RSMD) in Bangladesh.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dhaka city from May 20 to August 08, 2023. Data were collected from Bangladeshi adult RSMD using a paper-based questionnaire developed by Eriksen et al. Chi-square or Fisher’s Exact tests compared categorical variables with and without LBP, and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed with LBP as the dependent variable and various predictors to compute adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The one-month prevalence of LBP was 58.8%. Regression analysis revealed elevated adjusted odds of experiencing LBP among participants with hypertension, those using multiple ride-sharing operators, commuter and older bike users, and non-users of riding kits. Additionally, increased adjusted odds of LBP were observed among participants of higher age, higher body mass index, and those covering longer distances per week.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study underscores a significantly higher prevalence of LBP among RSMD in Bangladesh, with occupational factors strongly predicting LBP. Implementing strategies such as regular physical exercise, weight reduction, using sports and newer motorbikes, and reducing working hours per week may help mitigate the prevalence of LBP within this cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524002031/pdfft?md5=29c41f4304dba43252f12368b04b5cb3&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524002031-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between sleep duration and subjective memory complaints: A large-scale cross-sectional study based on NHANES","authors":"Xiaoguang Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Zheng ,&nbsp;Lan Mei ,&nbsp;Yuanzhi Hu ,&nbsp;Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Guohua Ma ,&nbsp;Yan Yang ,&nbsp;Qiuyin Dai ,&nbsp;Menghui Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>When chatting, people often forget what they want to say, that is, they suffer from subjective memory complaints (SMCs). This research examines the Association between sleep duration and self-reported SMC in a sample representing the entire United States.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We examined data from 5567 individuals (aged 20–80) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015–2018) to evaluate the association between sleep duration and SMC. Odds ratios (ORs) and a restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve were calculated with multiple logistic regression, and subgroup analysis was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Approximately 5.8 % (3<!--> <!-->2<!--> <!-->3) reported SMC, and most are older people (1<!--> <!-->6<!--> <!-->3). RCS analysis treating sleep duration as a continuous variable revealed a J-shaped curve association between sleep duration and SMC. Self-reported sleep duration was significantly linked to a 33 % elevated risk of SMC (OR, 1.33; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.23–1.43; P &lt; 0.001). In the group analysis, individuals who slept more than 8 h per day had a greater association of experiencing SMC than those who slept for 6–8 h/day (OR, 1.75; 95 % CI, 1.36–2.23; P &lt; 0.001). In the analysis of age groups, the stable association between sleep duration and SMC was observed only in the 60–80 age bracket (OR, 1.59; 95 % CI, 1.09–2.33; P &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We found that people with self-report sleep duration exceeding 8 h are more likely to experience SMC, especially older adults. Improving sleep health may be an effective strategy for preventing SMC and cognitive impairment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524002055/pdfft?md5=9adb0f75a9ab19c262e22eb7c0acf4ee&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524002055-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of preconception care for preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes in rural and tribal areas of Nashik District, India","authors":"Prakash Prabhakarrao Doke ,&nbsp;Amruta Paresh Chutke ,&nbsp;Sonali Hemant Palkar ,&nbsp;Jayashree Sachin Gothankar ,&nbsp;Prasad Dnyandeo Pore ,&nbsp;Archana Vasantrao Patil ,&nbsp;Aniruddha Vinayakrao Deshpande ,&nbsp;Khanindra Kumar Bhuyan ,&nbsp;Madhusudan Vaman Karnataki ,&nbsp;Aparna Nishikant Shrotri ,&nbsp;Ravindra Gopal Chaudhari ,&nbsp;Mohan Sitaram Bacchav ,&nbsp;Motilal Bajirao Patil ,&nbsp;Rupeshkumar Balasaheb Deshmukh","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The World Health Organization has suggested preconception care to improve pregnancy outcomes. Hence, the study aimed to compare the effect of preconception care on pregnancy outcomes, particularly prematurity and low birth weight.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We carried out interventions in one tribal and one non-tribal block. For comparison, one adjacent tribal block and one non-tribal block were included in Nashik district, India. The total study period was from April 2018 to July 2021. All reproductive age group women desiring pregnancy within one year in selected four blocks participated in the study. The services included clinical examination, laboratory investigations, treatment, six-monthly deworming, anemia management, folic acid supplementation, family planning services, and behavioral change communication using different media. The existing healthcare workers provided services to the women until they became pregnant or until the end of the follow-up period (27 months). We monitored pregnancy outcomes, including abortion, stillbirth, and live birth; among live births, low birth weight, preterm birth, congenital physical anomaly, and neonatal death.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study enrolled 7,875 women, and 3,601 had outcomes. The proportion of preterm births in the intervention and comparison block was 11.18 % and 14.99 %, respectively (p = 0.001), and the proportion of low-birth-weight babies was 9.23 % and 11.25 %, respectively (p = 0.01). The adjusted prevalence ratio showed that the risk of preterm births in the absence of intervention was 1.3 (CI: 1.1–1.6). Preterm birth was a mediator between preconception care and low birth weight.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Reduction in proportion of low birth weight and preterm babies can be achieved through preconception care using minimal additional resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524002110/pdfft?md5=98dcd6388386c95d742e0b59531e4d7c&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524002110-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of clinical characters and use of alternative medicines in the management of headache and predictors of treatment satisfaction among Saudi adults – A community-based study in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Alya Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Mashael Eidhah Alsufyani ,&nbsp;Falah Ali Alwadei ,&nbsp;Hussam Abdullah Alshehri ,&nbsp;Osama Samarkandi ,&nbsp;Wajid Syed","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><p>The use of alternative medicine (AM) is rising globally. Hence this study aimed to assess the Use of and Satisfaction with Alternative Medicine in the management of headache and Related Factors in Individuals, living in Saudi Arabia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2023 using an online questionnaire in Riyadh Saudi Arabia. The data was collected using a series, of prevalidated questionnaires aimed to assess the utilization and satisfaction of AM for the headache. Convenience sampling was applied for data collection.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A response rate of 93.1 % (n = 550) was obtained. Among the respondents, 78.7 % reported having headaches, while 69.2 % had a history of using AMs for headaches. However, among the users of AMs, 65.9 % of them were satisfied with the results of AMs, of those who were satisfied, 33.7 % said that AMs helped to prevent headache attacks, and 53.8 % reported that AMs use reduced pain intensity. The regression results demonstrated that there was a significant relationship between the satisfaction of AM for the headache and age (p &lt; 0.004), and Active in sports (p &lt; 0.019) and severity of the headache pain (p &lt; 0.081)</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings reported that relatively high prevalence of AMs used to manage headaches, while 65.9% of the users were satisfied with the outcomes, the satisfaction was found to have a significant relationship with age, activity in sports and severity of pain. To avoid negative effects of AM, it is recommended to use under the qualified healthcare professionals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221133552400202X/pdfft?md5=626bafa5361d0f2397b16baa4599b6af&pid=1-s2.0-S221133552400202X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing trends and co-testing patterns for HIV, hepatitis C and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Emergency departments","authors":"Hasan Symum ,&nbsp;Michelle Van Handel ,&nbsp;Amy Sandul ,&nbsp;Angela Hutchinson ,&nbsp;Clarisse A. Tsang ,&nbsp;William S. Pearson ,&nbsp;Kevin P. Delaney ,&nbsp;Laura A. Cooley ,&nbsp;Thomas L. Gift ,&nbsp;Karen W. Hoover ,&nbsp;William W. Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Many underserved populations use Emergency Department (EDs) as primary sources of care, representing an important opportunity to provide infectious disease testing and linkage to care. We explored national ED testing trends and co-testing patterns for HIV, hepatitis C, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used 2010–2019 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Nationwide Emergency Department Sample data to estimate ED visit testing rates for HIV, hepatitis C, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis infections, identified by Current Procedural Terminology codes. Trends and co-testing (visit with tests for &gt; 1 infection) patterns were analyzed by sociodemographic, hospital, and visit characteristics. Trends were evaluated as the average annual percentage change (AAPC) using the Joinpoint Regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>During 2010–2019, testing events per 1000 visits (AAPCs) increased for HIV from 1.3 to 4.2 (16.3 %), hepatitis C from 0.4 to 2.2 (25.1 %), chlamydia from 9.1 to 16.0 (6.6 %), gonorrhea from 8.4 to 15.7 (7.4 %), and syphilis from 0.7 to 2.0 (12.9 %). Rate increases varied by several characteristics across infections. The largest AAPC increases were among visits by groups with lower base rate testing in 2010, including persons aged ≥ 65 years (HIV: 36.4 %), with Medicaid (HIV: 43.8 %), in the lowest income quintile (hepatitis C: 36.9 %), living in the West (syphilis: 49.4 %) and with non-emergency diagnoses (hepatitis C: 44.1 %). Co-testing increased significantly for all infections except hepatitis C.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>HIV, hepatitis C, and STI testing increased in EDs during 2010–2019; however, co-testing patterns were inconsistent. Co-testing may improve diagnosis and linkage to care, especially in areas experiencing higher rates of infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221133552400192X/pdfft?md5=b4acaa2a39684b900cbc32a2562a1f50&pid=1-s2.0-S221133552400192X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141415742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between emotional and physical intimate partner violence and COVID-19 vaccine uptake in a community-based U.S. Cohort","authors":"Kate Penrose ,&nbsp;Ansu Abraham ,&nbsp;McKaylee Robertson ,&nbsp;Amanda Berry ,&nbsp;Bai Xi Jasmine Chan ,&nbsp;Yanhan Shen ,&nbsp;Avantika Srivastava ,&nbsp;Subha Balasubramanian ,&nbsp;Surabhi Yadav ,&nbsp;Rachael Piltch-Loeb ,&nbsp;Denis Nash ,&nbsp;Angela M. Parcesepe","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To estimate risk of being unvaccinated against COVID-19 by experience of intimate partner violence (IPV).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Among 3,343 partnered individuals in a community-based U.S. cohort, we quantified emotional and physical IPV experienced between March and December 2020 and estimated risk of being unvaccinated against COVID-19 through June 2021 by experience of IPV. Experience of recent IPV was defined as endorsement of more frequent or severe IPV since the start of the pandemic or report of any past-month IPV in at least one of four follow-up surveys conducted by the end of December 2020. We created a three-level composite variable – no experience of IPV, experience of emotional but not physical IPV, and experience of physical IPV.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cisgender women, non-binary, or transgender individuals who reported experiencing emotional, but not physical, IPV and those who reported experiencing physical IPV were both at significantly higher risk of being unvaccinated for COVID-19 compared to those who reported experiencing no IPV (ARR_{emotional violence}: 1.28 [95 % CI: 1.09 – 1.51]; ARR_{physical violence}: 1.70 [95 % CI: 1.41 – 2.05]). Cisgender men who reported experiencing physical IPV were also at significantly higher risk of being unvaccinated for COVID-19 (ARR_{physical violence}: 1.52 [95 % CI: 1.15 – 2.02]).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>IPV may increase the risk of low vaccine uptake. Results highlight the need to incorporate IPV prevention and support into public health responses, with targeted resources and consideration for reducing barriers to public health interventions among those impacted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524001992/pdfft?md5=404d68404b18dd86c7ff6a6b3d3edfb6&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524001992-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141294816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}