中国老年人饮食行为：基于能力、机会、动机和行为模型的定性研究

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-29 DOI:10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103156

Qian Wang, Qian Li

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的利用COM-B模型，通过能力、机会和动机三个要素对中国老年人饮食行为进行概念化，探讨老年人饮食行为的机制。方法采用定性描述设计。研究于2024年10月至12月对中国江苏省镇江市20名居住在社区的老年人进行了半结构化访谈。采用主题分析法对数据进行分析。结果确定了四个主要主题：限制性饮食、情绪性饮食、营养素养和外部饮食。饮食模式受到身体健康状况、情绪状态、家庭动态和获取食物信息的数字障碍的影响。结论老年人的座位行为受个人、社会和环境等因素的影响，这些因素复杂且相互关联。促进健康老龄化的干预措施应整合增强能力、优化机会和增强动机的策略。

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Eating behaviors among chinese older adults: A qualitative study using the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model

Objective

This study explored the mechanisms underlying eating behaviors among Chinese older adults using the COM-B model, which conceptualizes behavior through Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation components.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive design was adopted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 community-dwelling older adults in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China, from October to December 2024. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data.

Results

Four major themes were identified: Restrictive Eating, Emotional Eating, Nutritional Literacy, and External Eating. Dietary patterns were influenced by physical health conditions, emotional states, family dynamics, and digital barriers to food information access.

Conclusions

Eating behaviors among older adults are shaped by complex and interconnected factors across individual, social, and environmental domains. Interventions promoting healthy aging should integrate strategies to enhance capability, optimize opportunity, and strengthen motivation.

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来源期刊

Preventive Medicine Reports Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

353