Preventive Medicine Reports最新文献

{"title":"The impact of a workplace virtual reality-delivered exercise program on central hemodynamics in people with developmental disability living in Australia: A pilot randomised waitlist-controlled study","authors":"Joyce S. Ramos ,&nbsp;June Alexander ,&nbsp;Lance C. Dalleck ,&nbsp;Claire Drummond ,&nbsp;Alline Beleigoli ,&nbsp;Belinda Lange ,&nbsp;Caroline Ellison ,&nbsp;On behalf of the Cardiometabolic,&nbsp;Neuro Rehabilitation Group","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Abnormalities of central hemodynamic indices (CHI) elevate risk of cardiovascular events (CVE) and all-cause mortality. Most people with developmental disability do not meet the exercise recommendations necessary to improve health outcomes, including CHI. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the impact of a workplace integrated virtual reality-delivered exercise (VR-E) program compared with no intervention on CHI in people with developmental disability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventeen people with developmental disability employed at a disability service were randomised into VR-E (<em>n</em> = 8) or waitlist-control (<em>n</em> = 9). The VR-E group completed a 1-h supervised session at the workplace, three times/week for eight weeks. Following an eight-week period, the waitlist-control group also underwent the program. CHI were assessed at pre- and post-intervention via cuff oscillometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There are 21 complete CHI data (VR-E, <em>n</em> = 13; waitlist-control, <em>n</em> = 8) from pre- to post-8-week period. There were no significant between-group differences in CHI changes from pre- to post-8-week period (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). However, although not statistically significant between-groups (augmentation index at 75 beats per minute [AIx75], <em>p</em> = 0.7; forward pressure wave [Pfw], <em>p</em> = 0.6; backward pressure wave [Pbw], p = 0.7), the VR-E group showed a small improvement in CHI including AIx75 (−4 ± 11 %, d = 0.23), Pfw (−1.5 ± 8 mmHg,d = 0.18), and Pbw (−0.7 ± 5 mmHg,d = 0.25). Whereas the waitlist-control group showed negligible changes in these CHI (AIx75, −1 ± 19 %, d = 0.06; Pf, 0.5 ± 4 mmHg, d &lt; 0.01; Pb, &lt;0.01 ± 4 mmHg, d &lt; 0.01) from pre- to post-study.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This pilot study suggests that a workplace-integrated VR-E may be a viable intervention to improve CHI, which may indicate reduced CVE risk and all-cause mortality in people with developmental disability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-demographic risk factors for food insecurity among students at five North Carolina colleges: The influence on fruit and vegetable intake and perceived health and well-being","authors":"Adam Hege ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Wall-Bassett ,&nbsp;Toyin Babatunde ,&nbsp;Alisha Farris ,&nbsp;Danielle Nunnery ,&nbsp;Maureen Berner ,&nbsp;Jessica Soldavini ,&nbsp;Rebecca Hagedorn-Hatfield","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Food insecurity is a critical public health problem for U.S. college students. We sought to understand food insecurity, the associated risk factors, and the influence on health behavior and outcomes among a sample of North Carolina college students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional data collected from February–April 2023 from students (<em>N</em> = 3043) of five four-year institutions (four public/one private, three rural/two urban) assessed food security status in relation to socio-demographic characteristics, fruit and vegetable intake, and perceived health and well-being. Multinomial and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate statistical associations between variables, with fruit and vegetable intake and perceived health and well-being as outcome variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nearly 30 % (29.4 %) of respondents reported low or very low food security status. Statistically significant differences were found in food security status across several socio-demographic variables. Significantly, higher food security status was correlated with increased odds of more regular consumption of fruits and vegetables; undergraduate students had decreased odds of fruit and vegetable consumption when compared to graduate students. Respondents with lower food security status had increased odds for a poorer perceived health status, higher stress, and worse sleep quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results suggest those facing socioeconomic hardships are more likely to encounter low food security as college students, which serve as predictors for less regular consumption of fruits and vegetables and poorer health and well-being outcomes. Institutions of higher education should develop targeted and tailored interventions for these populations, and policies should be evaluated to identify risk and protective factors for food security that could impact health and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of inflammatory enteritis caused by diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Spain (2016–2022)","authors":"Rafael Garcia-Carretero ,&nbsp;Valentin Hernandez-Barrera ,&nbsp;Ruth Gil-Prieto ,&nbsp;Angel Gil-de-Miguel","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Diarrheal diseases caused by diarrheagenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (DEC) are a significant public health challenge, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly. This study aimed to analyze the burden of DEC-related inflammatory enteritis in Spain, focusing on hospitalization rates, mortality, and associated risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from a national registry, we conducted a nationwide, retrospective analysis including hospitalized patients with DEC from 2016 to 2022. We used descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression to assess predictors of mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 265,754 hospitalizations related to DEC. Individuals aged ≥80 years exhibited the highest rates of hospitalization (516 per 100,000). Mortality rates increased with age. The elderly show the highest mortality rate (53.8 % of deaths). Women had higher mortality rates than men, especially in older age groups. Multivariable logistic regression identified age ≥ 80 years, comorbidities such as malignancy (odds ratio [OR] = 2.23, 95 % CI = 2.15, 2.3) and sepsis (OR = 3.6, 95 % CI = 3.47, 3.74), and coinfections with <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (OR = 3.46, 95 % CI = 2.1, 5.69) and COVID-19 (OR = 2.35, 95 % CI = 2.21, 2.49) as significant predictors of mortality. Regional disparities in hospitalization and mortality rates were also observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings underscore the growing burden of DEC-related diarrhea in Spain, particularly among aging populations, and highlight the need for targeted public health interventions, improved diagnostic protocols, and integrated care for patients with comorbidities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the food environment in Scotland and its association with deprivation: A national study","authors":"Deksha Kapoor ,&nbsp;Joe Kennedy ,&nbsp;Kirsteen Shields ,&nbsp;Christian Reynolds ,&nbsp;Tom Clemens ,&nbsp;Lindsay M. Jaacks","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To characterize food outlets across Scotland and analyze their distribution by neighborhood deprivation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the Food Standards Agency of all registered food businesses in 2024 were categorized as out-of-home (OOH) [including restaurants, pubs, cafés, and takeaways], retail [supermarkets and non-food retailers like pharmacies with limited food items] or other [mobile caterers, charity organizations, and home caterers]. Neighborhood deprivation was quantified using the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of all food outlets, 59 % (<em>n</em> = 18,409) were OOH, 28 % (<em>n</em> = 8757) retail, and 13 % (<em>n</em> = 3969) other. The density of OOH (1.9 per km²) was more than double that of retail (0.8 per km²). Glasgow City had the highest OOH outlet density (18.5 per km²). Argyll and Bute, Western Isles, and Highlands had the lowest density of both OOH and retail (≤0.03 per km²). Compared to the most deprived neighborhoods, the least deprived neighborhoods had more Restaurants/cafés/canteens (37 % versus 23 % of food outlets, respectively) and fewer Takeaways/sandwich shops (16 % versus 24 % of food outlets, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Though OOH outlets far outnumber retail in all of Scotland, unique food environments exist in different local authorities. These insights can inform local development and support targeted strategies to improve food environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stressful life events, perceived degree of stress, and the risk of lung cancer","authors":"Saeedeh Moayedi-Nia ,&nbsp;Hartley Dutczak ,&nbsp;Lesley Richardson ,&nbsp;Jack Siemiatycki ,&nbsp;Anita Koushik","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We examined the experience of acute stressful life events and their perceived impact in relation to lung cancer incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a population based case-control study in Montreal, Canada, 1061 cases and 1422 controls (recruited 1996–2001) were queried on their experience of loss events (death of a family member, divorce/separation) and socioeconomic events (job loss, major income reduction, or a move to a new city) in the prior 6 years, and their own perceived stressfulness (impact) of the event. Using multivariable unconditional logistic regression, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of lung cancer associated with experiencing at least one of the five individual events (“any stressful event”), “any loss event” and “any socioeconomic event”, and their impact.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Experiencing “any stressful life event” in the previous 6 years was not associated with lung cancer, even when accounting for perceived impact. When considering event type, loss events suggestively increased lung cancer odds, particularly when perceived as high impact (OR = 1.84, 95 % CI: 0.97–3.49). Socioeconomic events did not increase lung cancer odds.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study of recent stressful life events and their perceived impact contributes to knowledge on the possible role of psychosocial stress in lung cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored intervention for smoking cessation among migrant smokers in health centers for precarious people in Paris: A co-design approach","authors":"Clair-Antoine Veyrier ,&nbsp;Lisa Yombo Kokule ,&nbsp;Simon Ducarroz ,&nbsp;Caroline Aparicio ,&nbsp;Ester Villalonga-Olives ,&nbsp;Martin Duracinsky ,&nbsp;Lorraine Cousin Cabrolier ,&nbsp;Issifou Yaya","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Certain groups of migrants in Europe exhibit higher smoking prevalence compared to non-migrants, with social inequalities significantly impacting their health outcomes. <strong>C</strong>ulturally adapted smoking cessation interventions are more effective for migrants. Co-design a smoking cessation intervention tailored to migrant smokers attending in health centers for precarious people in Paris.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following an adapted experience-based co-design iterative process to gradually refine our crafted intervention, the study brought together migrants, health professionals, representatives from associations, and a research team between January and July 2024. Pre-workshop enabled to adapt ideation working tools to better suit the public. In the initial phase, migrants helped shape intervention design based on their tobacco use habits and preferences. Subsequent workshops benefitted medical and tobacco-expertise from healthcare workers in co-design workshops, refining our prototypes and ensuring they adhere to evidence-based practices. Data collection included questionnaires, audio-recordings, and field notes analyzed through thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen migrants (mostly undocumented, from African countries, and current smokers) and fourteen healthcare workers (mostly medical practitioners or nurses) were involved in the co-design sessions. The co-designed intervention consisted in a monthly face-to-face participant-led group discussion supervised by health professionals with flexible attendance combined with WhatsApp group support with facilitated access to nicotine replacement therapy or existing interventions, and adapted health literacy materials.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Co-designing intervention with migrants enabled the development of an intervention addressing their barriers to smoking cessation. Combining peer-support, digital engagement, and facilitated access to existing resources may improve uptake and effectiveness of cessation programs among this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease from 1990 to 2021 and the prediction for the next 10 years","authors":"Zhuang Lin ,&nbsp;Ruixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuhao Ren ,&nbsp;Tingjuan He ,&nbsp;Hongfei Mi ,&nbsp;Wei Jiang ,&nbsp;Chenghao Su","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Although the update of the MASLD practice guidelines and the approval of Resmetirom have brought new progress in the prevention and treatment of MASLD, this disease still has not received sufficient attention and remains a major public health issue.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Age-standardized incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life years (ASDR) rates of MASLD from 1990 to 2021 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021. The estimated annual percentage change was calculated using linear regression. Six time-series models were used for training and comparison, and the optimal model was selected to predict the disease burden from 2022 to 2031.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Globally, the ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, and ASDR all exhibited upward trends. Regionally, Western Europe showed the fastest growth in ASIR and ASPR. Eastern Europe showed the fastest growth in ASMR and ASDR, whereas the high-income Asia Pacific demonstrated the most pronounced decline. The hybrid model best predicted ASIR (615.70/100,000) and ASPR (15,275.60/100,000) for 2031, the Neural Network Autoregressive model optimized ASMR (1.64/100,000), and Prophet projected ASDR to decline to 42.08/100,000.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The MASLD burden has increased globally and is projected to continue escalating. It is suggested that the MASLD screening be integrated into the non-communicable diseases program and be prioritized for monitoring in high-burden areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of annual health check-up among community-dwelling persons 60 years and older: Longitudinal national evidence from the health, aging, and retirement in Thailand study, 2015–2022","authors":"Supa Pengpid ,&nbsp;Karl Peltzer ,&nbsp;André Hajek ,&nbsp;Razak M. Gyasi ,&nbsp;Dararatt Anantanasuwong","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of annual health check-up (AHC) utilization among older adults in Thailand.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from the 2015, 2017, 2020, and 2022 Health, Aging, and Retirement in Thailand study (analytic sample: <em>n</em> = 10,970 observations, ≥60 years). The factors of AHC consumption were estimated using Andersen's Behavioral Model of Healthcare Access and conditional fixed effects (FE) logistic regressions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of AHC utilization was 53.3 %, which decreased from 52.6 % in 2015 to 42.1 % in 2022 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Regressions showed that urban residency (OR = 1.36), higher social engagement (OR = 1.29), higher subjective life expectancy (OR = 1.03), loneliness (OR = 1.43), higher number of chronic conditions (OR = 1.09), stopped smoking (OR = 1.34), and physical activity (OR = 1.20) were positive associated with AHC utilization, while age (OR = 0.96), living alone (OR = 0.79), depressive symptoms (OR = 0.96), functional limitations (OR = 0.83) and self-rated physical health (OR = 0.97) were negatively associated with AHC utilization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our knowledge of the factors influencing AHC use in people 60 and older is improved by this longitudinal study<strong>.</strong> Strategies to increase physical activity, smoking cessation, and social engagement, as well as delay or decrease chronic conditions and functional disability and screen and manage depressive symptoms, may help increase AHC utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral economics, lifestyle, and health-related factors associated with participation in breast and cervical cancer screenings: A cross-sectional analysis of Japanese women","authors":"Miho Satoh ,&nbsp;Naoko Sato ,&nbsp;Mizuki Sekino","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigated factors influencing Japanese women's participation in breast and cervical cancer screenings, with a focus on health behaviors, behavioral economics characteristics, socioeconomic status, and physical and mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using secondary data from the Japan Household Panel Survey (Wave 2021, collected February 2021), we analyzed responses from 410 women aged ≤70 years. Key variables included risk aversion, time preference, exercise frequency, smoking status, alcohol consumption, nutritional intake, subjective and mental health, body mass index, and sociodemographic factors such as education, employment, and municipality type.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The participants' mean age was 52.92 years (standard deviation = 9.17 years). Of the women, 15.9 % underwent cervical cancer screening and 16.8 % underwent breast cancer screening. A logistic regression analysis revealed that, for both breast and cervical cancer screenings, high psychological distress, risk aversion, and smoking were associated with lower participation, whereas regular exercise, permanent employment, and residence in towns and villages were associated with higher participation. Smoking was significantly associated with breast cancer screening participation, and utilization of medical services was significantly associated with cervical cancer screening participation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Interventions incorporating behavioral economics approaches, such as addressing risk perception and promoting health behaviors, may enhance Japanese women's cancer screening participation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a patient-centered self-care intervention for adults with coronary heart disease in a low resource setting","authors":"Rukhsana Perveen ,&nbsp;Muhammad Saqib Rabbani ,&nbsp;Samina Kausar ,&nbsp;Kainat Asmat","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with disproportionate impact in low resource contexts. Despite the importance of effective self-care in improving outcomes, existing interventions are often fragmented, disease-focused, and lack contextual relevance. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a nurse-led, patient-centered self-care intervention (PCSI) for individuals with CHD in Pakistan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A mixed-methods study was conducted between May 17 to August 16, 2024 in inpatient department of public hospital in Pakistan. The intervention, developed through literature review and stakeholder input, involved a 2-h individualized education and counselling session delivered one day before discharge. Effectiveness was evaluated using a one-group pretest-posttest design, assessing self-efficacy and self-care behaviors at baseline and four weeks post-discharge. Feasibility was explored through post-intervention interviews with 12 participants. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed-rank test in SPSS, while qualitative data were analyzed manually through content analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-seven participants (mean age 50.67 ± 6.04 years; 32 men) completed the study. Self-efficacy improved significantly, with mean scores increasing from 76.75 ± 19.65 to 99.86 ± 0.82 (Z = −4.864, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Significant improvements were observed in self-care behaviors across all domains (p &lt; 0.001). Qualitative findings confirmed the intervention's feasibility, relevance and acceptability, while suggesting family engagement, and ongoing support.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The PCSI demonstrated promising effectiveness and feasibility, supporting its potential integration into routine care. Future adaptations could enhance sustained self-care and clinical outcomes in low-resource settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 103246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}