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Adult dual and polytobacco use in the United States: Findings from the 2021–2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health 美国成人双烟和多烟使用:来自2021-2023年全国药物使用和健康调查的结果
IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103349
Lauren R. Pacek, F. Joseph McClernon, Cristine D. Delnevo
{"title":"Adult dual and polytobacco use in the United States: Findings from the 2021–2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health","authors":"Lauren R. Pacek,&nbsp;F. Joseph McClernon,&nbsp;Cristine D. Delnevo","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Multiple tobacco product (MTP) use is common among tobacco users. Current, detailed estimates of MTP use patterns among users of different tobacco products can inform tobacco treatment and regulation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were pooled from 2021 to 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (United States) adult respondents. We derived estimates of past-month MTP use, mutually exclusive use patterns, and correlates of MTP use among current tobacco users, and stratified by tobacco product used and age.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MTP use was reported by 23.7 % of tobacco users; it was most prevalent among ages 18–25 (34.6 %) and 26–34 (31.0 %). Past-month dual cigarette/e-cigarette use was the most prevalent MTP use pattern (39.6 % of MTP users). Binge drinking, major depressive episode, and illicit drug use were associated with greater odds of MTP use. Older age was associated with lower odds of MTP use, except among ENDS users, where odds of MTP use decreased with older age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MTP use is prevalent among adult tobacco users. We report current, comprehensive estimates of MTP use and associated correlates. MTP use and product use patterns varied by age among users of different products. Findings have implications for clinicians, tobacco treatment specialists, and regulators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13370816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Monitoring of tobacco product marketing for rapid public health surveillance in the United States 在美国对烟草制品营销进行监测,以便进行快速的公共卫生监测。
IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103315
Ollie Ganz, Jon-Patrick Allem, Meagan O. Robichaud, Eugene M. Talbot, Kristopher Roberts, Patrick V. Barnwell, Scott I. Donaldson, Cristine D. Delnevo
{"title":"Monitoring of tobacco product marketing for rapid public health surveillance in the United States","authors":"Ollie Ganz,&nbsp;Jon-Patrick Allem,&nbsp;Meagan O. Robichaud,&nbsp;Eugene M. Talbot,&nbsp;Kristopher Roberts,&nbsp;Patrick V. Barnwell,&nbsp;Scott I. Donaldson,&nbsp;Cristine D. Delnevo","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The US tobacco landscape is constantly changing, with the commercial tobacco industry regularly flooding the market with new brands, flavors, and styles. Rutgers Center for Rapid Surveillance of Tobacco (CRST) examines tobacco product marketing, the tobacco product marketplace, and tobacco use behaviors. This paper describes how findings from tobacco marketing surveillance are integrated with other data sources to provide timely and actionable information about changes in tobacco products to inform the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) regulatory efforts that reduce tobacco harms. CRST conducts regular surveillance of consumer-facing advertisements via print and online, business-to-business publications, direct-to-consumer marketing, branded tobacco company websites, and social media posts for over 50 brands. Information is disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals, public fact sheets, and weekly online newsletters to stakeholders. Geek Bar, an e-cigarette brand, illustrates how findings from CRST tobacco marketing surveillance are triangulated with data from other CRST activities to provide rapid information on an emerging brand. The presence of the brand was identified as a signal of interest in early sales data, whereafter surveillance of the brand's marketing activities showed frequent product releases and marketing targeting young people. This systematic tobacco marketing surveillance, when combined with other CRST activities, keeps regulators and the public health community informed in a constantly changing marketplace. CRST findings help to identify tobacco and nicotine products that pose the greatest threat to population health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13370814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Triangulating youth tobacco use and product appeal for rapid surveillance: Findings from three online surveys 快速监测青少年烟草使用和产品吸引力的三角测量:来自三项在线调查的结果。
IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103313
Lauren R. Pacek, Olivia A. Wackowski, Patrick V. Barnwell, Cristine D. Delnevo
{"title":"Triangulating youth tobacco use and product appeal for rapid surveillance: Findings from three online surveys","authors":"Lauren R. Pacek,&nbsp;Olivia A. Wackowski,&nbsp;Patrick V. Barnwell,&nbsp;Cristine D. Delnevo","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Understanding youth tobacco use is essential to informing timely regulatory and public health responses. Triangulating traditional nationally representative survey results with more rapid and flexible survey data can provide important interim surveillance opportunities to confirm prevalence trends and timely opportunities to respond to observed changes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This paper reports on the generation of rapid surveillance data on youth tobacco use by triangulating three exemplar online survey data sources: two U.S. nationally representative Ipsos surveys (Ipsos-1: <em>n</em> = 1039 youth ages 15–20 in November–December 2024; Ipsos-2: <em>n</em> = 921 with youth ages 13–17 in February–March 2025) and a Qualtrics survey (<em>n</em> = 930 youth ages 13–17) in six sentinel U.S. states in March–May 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings demonstrate consistency across surveys, with e-cigarettes being the most prevalent product among youth (5.6–14.6 %), while other product use was low, including nicotine pouches (1.3–2.6 %). Popular brands (e.g., Geek Bar®, Juul®), appeal of e-cigarette characteristics (e.g., ability to use discreetly), and perceptions of colorful devices (e.g., less harsh, better tasting) versus plain/black/Gy devices were recurrent themes, suggesting that rapid surveillance can effectively identify and monitor trends in real time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These insights underscore the need for continued agile surveillance systems and tailored regulatory strategies focused on youth-attractive e-cigarette features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13370819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of question order on surveillance of nicotine pouch and smokeless tobacco use among adults in the United States 问题顺序对美国成年人尼古丁袋和无烟烟草使用监测的影响。
IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103340
Michelle T. Bover Manderski, Nishi J. Gonsalves, Mary Hrywna, Cristine D. Delnevo
{"title":"The impact of question order on surveillance of nicotine pouch and smokeless tobacco use among adults in the United States","authors":"Michelle T. Bover Manderski,&nbsp;Nishi J. Gonsalves,&nbsp;Mary Hrywna,&nbsp;Cristine D. Delnevo","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To improve understanding about measurement of smokeless tobacco and nicotine products, we conducted a survey experiment to investigate the effect of question order on calculated prevalence of use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We embedded a split sample experiment within the May 2025 Rutgers Omnibus Study; 1891 US adults aged 18–45 were recruited from Amazon MTurk for an online survey about health behaviors, randomized to answer questions about nicotine pouches before smokeless tobacco or vice versa. We compared prevalence by experimental condition using chi-square tests, with alpha = 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Prevalence of ever smokeless tobacco use was significantly higher among those who received the smokeless tobacco questions first (21.5 % vs 16.4 %, <em>p</em> = .005); however, there was only a small and non-significant difference in prevalence of ever nicotine pouch use (15.5 % vs 17.6 %, <em>p</em> = .23). Those who saw smokeless tobacco questions first were also more likely to name a nicotine pouch brand as their regular brand, suggesting that the smokeless tobacco prevalence in this group was overestimated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nicotine pouch use may be misreported as SLT use on surveys that assess smokeless tobacco first. Consequently, efforts to monitor prevalence of smokeless tobacco use as nicotine pouches gain popularity may be undermined by measurement error.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13370818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tobacco and nicotine product use patterns and trends among United States youth and young adults (2021–2024) 烟草和尼古丁产品在美国青年和年轻人中的使用模式和趋势(2021-2024)。
IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103284
Elizabeth K. Do, Kristiann Koris, Tatum L. McKay, Joslynn A. Watkins, Gargi Panigrahi, Elizabeth C. Hair
{"title":"Tobacco and nicotine product use patterns and trends among United States youth and young adults (2021–2024)","authors":"Elizabeth K. Do,&nbsp;Kristiann Koris,&nbsp;Tatum L. McKay,&nbsp;Joslynn A. Watkins,&nbsp;Gargi Panigrahi,&nbsp;Elizabeth C. Hair","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine patterns of tobacco and nicotine product use, identify changes in usage trends, and determine the frequency of use across exclusive, dual, and polyuse patterns and the influence of sociodemographic variables among United States youth and young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from a repeated, cross-sectional survey of United States young people (aged 15–24 years) from 2021 to 2024. Joinpoint regression was used to determine quarter-year percentage change in usage trends. Chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression were applied to 2024 data to assess associations with sociodemographic variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The most common usage pattern was dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible tobacco products. Quarter-year percentage change for dual use of e-cigarettes and oral nicotine pouches increased by 14.75 % from Quarter 3 2023 to Quarter 3 2024. Quarter-year percentage change for polyuse of e-cigarettes, combustible tobacco products, and oral nicotine pouches increased by 6.82 % from Quarter 3 2022 to Quarter 3 2024. Use patterns varied by age, gender identity, race and ethnicity, and perceived financial status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results indicate significant changes in dual and polyuse of tobacco and nicotine products. These shifts underscore the importance of ongoing surveillance and targeted interventions to mitigate health risks and reduce the burdens of nicotine addiction in this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13370811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/S2211-3355(26)00154-3
{"title":"Disclaimer","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2211-3355(26)00154-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2211-3355(26)00154-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/S2211-3355(26)00153-1
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引用次数: 0
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IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/S2211-3355(26)00158-0
{"title":"Contents page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2211-3355(26)00158-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2211-3355(26)00158-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Declining cigarette sales and shifts in the US cigarette marketplace from 2016 to 2024: Analysis of market scanner sales data in US convenience stores 2016年至2024年美国香烟市场销售下滑和变化:美国便利店市场扫描仪销售数据分析。
IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103381
Meagan O. Robichaud, Richard J. O'Connor, Andrea C. Villanti, Kathyrn C. Edwards, Cristine D. Delnevo
{"title":"Declining cigarette sales and shifts in the US cigarette marketplace from 2016 to 2024: Analysis of market scanner sales data in US convenience stores","authors":"Meagan O. Robichaud,&nbsp;Richard J. O'Connor,&nbsp;Andrea C. Villanti,&nbsp;Kathyrn C. Edwards,&nbsp;Cristine D. Delnevo","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Changing cigarette sales trends can indicate shifts in tobacco marketing, consumer preferences, and smoker demographics. This study examines trends in US convenience store sales for cigarettes (2016–2024) by brand tier, flavor, and leading brands.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using Nielsen market scanner cigarette data (2016–2024) for US convenience stores, annual market shares and sales trends for each brand tier (premium, value, deep-discount), flavor (menthol, non-menthol), and leading brands were determined. Sales trends were assessed using Joinpoint for average annual percentage changes (AAPCs—primary outcome), with annual percent changes (APCs) describing shorter-term trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sales declined from 9.23 to 5.61 billion packs from 2016 to 2024 (AAPC: −5.82% [95% CI: −6.40%, −5.21%]). Premium cigarettes declined more slowly between 2016 and 2021 (APC: −4.22% [95% CI: −5.47%, −1.93%]) than 2021 to 2024 (APC: −10.78% [95% CI: −15.38%, −8.29%]). Value cigarettes declined steadily (AAPC: −7.54%, [95% CI: −8.56%, −6.49%]). Deep-discount cigarettes were the only segment to grow (AAPC: 5.56% [95% CI: 3.81%, 7.39%]) and decrease in price. Non-menthol cigarettes declined steadily (AAPC: −4.97% [95% CI: −5.43%, −4.51%]). Menthol cigarettes declined slowly between 2016 and 2021 (APC: −2.65% [95% CI: −3.90%, −1.29%]) before rapidly declining (2021–2024 APC: −14.83% [95% CI: −16.94%, −12.13%]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Research assessing potential impacts of the growing deep-discount segment on smoking patterns and health disparities, as well as continued monitoring of menthol cigarettes, is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13370821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and implementation of a rapid surveillance system for tobacco product retail availability in six U.S. sites 在美国六个地点开发和实施烟草产品零售可得性快速监测系统。
IF 2.8 3区 医学
Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103343
M. Hrywna, C. Ackerman, J.G.L. Lee, S.W. Rose, L. Henriksen, D. Mays, C.D. Delnevo, the Rutgers Center for Rapid Tobacco Surveillance (CRST) Point of Sale Team
{"title":"Development and implementation of a rapid surveillance system for tobacco product retail availability in six U.S. sites","authors":"M. Hrywna,&nbsp;C. Ackerman,&nbsp;J.G.L. Lee,&nbsp;S.W. Rose,&nbsp;L. Henriksen,&nbsp;D. Mays,&nbsp;C.D. Delnevo,&nbsp;the Rutgers Center for Rapid Tobacco Surveillance (CRST) Point of Sale Team","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The tobacco/nicotine retail landscape is continuously evolving. Monitoring product availability is critical to identifying industry response to regulatory action and shifts in consumer behavior and patterns of use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Beginning January 2024, a rapid retail surveillance system was implemented in brick-and-mortar retailers across six U.S. sentinel sites (California, Kentucky, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Vermont) with diverse policy environments and tobacco use patterns. At each site, biannual audits were conducted in approximately 60 retailers. Between January 2024 and May 2025, audits were staggered across months and used a standardized Qualtrics-based tool to document tobacco/nicotine product availability, including flavors, brands, and novel products.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nicotine pouch availability increased from 71.6 % to 81.3 % across waves. Cigarillos and cigarettes remained consistently available in 90 % of retailers, while e-cigarettes were found in ∼75 %. Flavored products were available across categories. The number of unique nicotine pouch brands increased over time, with variation by retailer type and site.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Rapid surveillance enables timely detection of market trends and potential policy non-compliance. Continued data collection and integration with other surveillance tools will enhance tobacco control monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 103343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13370822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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