低资源环境下成人冠心病患者自我护理干预的可行性和初步效果

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI:10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103246

Rukhsana Perveen , Muhammad Saqib Rabbani , Samina Kausar , Kainat Asmat

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的冠心病（CHD）仍然是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因，在资源匮乏的环境中影响尤为严重。尽管有效的自我护理对改善结果很重要，但现有的干预措施往往是零散的，以疾病为重点，缺乏上下文相关性。本研究旨在评估护士主导、以患者为中心的自我护理干预（PCSI）在巴基斯坦冠心病患者中的可行性和初步效果。方法采用混合方法于2024年5月17日至8月16日在巴基斯坦某公立医院住院部进行研究。通过文献回顾和利益相关者的意见制定的干预措施包括出院前一天提供的2小时个性化教育和咨询会议。使用一组前测后测设计评估有效性，评估基线和出院后四周的自我效能和自我保健行为。通过对12名参与者的干预后访谈来探讨可行性。定量资料采用SPSS中描述性统计和Wilcoxon sign -rank检验进行分析，定性资料采用手工内容分析进行分析。结果37名参与者（平均年龄50.67±6.04岁，男性32名）完成了研究。自我效能显著提高，平均得分由76.75±19.65提高到99.86±0.82 （Z = - 4.864, p < 0.001）。所有领域的自我护理行为均有显著改善（p < 0.001）。定性调查结果证实了干预的可行性、相关性和可接受性，同时建议家庭参与和持续支持。结论PCSI具有良好的有效性和可行性，支持其纳入常规护理的潜力。未来的适应可以在低资源环境中增强持续的自我保健和临床结果。

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Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a patient-centered self-care intervention for adults with coronary heart disease in a low resource setting

Objective

Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with disproportionate impact in low resource contexts. Despite the importance of effective self-care in improving outcomes, existing interventions are often fragmented, disease-focused, and lack contextual relevance. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a nurse-led, patient-centered self-care intervention (PCSI) for individuals with CHD in Pakistan.

Methods

A mixed-methods study was conducted between May 17 to August 16, 2024 in inpatient department of public hospital in Pakistan. The intervention, developed through literature review and stakeholder input, involved a 2-h individualized education and counselling session delivered one day before discharge. Effectiveness was evaluated using a one-group pretest-posttest design, assessing self-efficacy and self-care behaviors at baseline and four weeks post-discharge. Feasibility was explored through post-intervention interviews with 12 participants. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed-rank test in SPSS, while qualitative data were analyzed manually through content analysis.

Results

Thirty-seven participants (mean age 50.67 ± 6.04 years; 32 men) completed the study. Self-efficacy improved significantly, with mean scores increasing from 76.75 ± 19.65 to 99.86 ± 0.82 (Z = −4.864, p < 0.001). Significant improvements were observed in self-care behaviors across all domains (p < 0.001). Qualitative findings confirmed the intervention's feasibility, relevance and acceptability, while suggesting family engagement, and ongoing support.

Conclusion

The PCSI demonstrated promising effectiveness and feasibility, supporting its potential integration into routine care. Future adaptations could enhance sustained self-care and clinical outcomes in low-resource settings.

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来源期刊

Preventive Medicine Reports Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

353