社会文化压力和外表理想内化：它们对巴西成年人身体不满的影响

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI:10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103149

Camila Carla Souza do Prado , Maria Cláudia Bernardes Spexoto , Wanderson Roberto da Silva , Deise Bresan , Bruna Menegassi

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的分析巴西成年人外表理想内化、社会文化压力和身体不满意之间的关系。方法于2023年1 - 12月在巴西南马托格罗索州进行横断面研究。采用方便抽样法，收集了290名成年人(18-64岁；中位年龄= 24.0,IQR25 = 21.0, IQR75 = 34.0；69.3%女性)通过在线自我报告问卷。因变量包括社会经济、人口统计和人体测量数据。社会文化压力和外表理想的内化使用SATAQ-4进行测量，身体不满意作为自变量。统计分析包括非参数检验（Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis， Dunn的事后检验）和Spearman的相关性，显著性水平设置为p <；. 05。结果对身体不满意的比例为84.5%。与超重相关的不满与来自家庭的压力有关(p <；.001)，朋友（p = .001），媒体(p <；.001)，以及瘦的理想内在化(p <；措施)。理想运动/肌肉体的中位数在男性中明显高于女性（p = 0.015），而中位数中位压力在女性中高于男性（p = 0.001）。结论本研究强调了社会文化压力和外貌理想在身体不满意中的作用，支持了三方影响模型。

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Sociocultural pressures and appearance ideal internalization: Their impact on body dissatisfaction in Brazilian adults

Objective

To analyze the relationship between internalization of appearance ideals, sociocultural pressures, and body dissatisfaction among Brazilian adults.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between January and December 2023. Using convenience sampling, data were collected from 290 adults (18–64 years old; median age = 24.0, IQR25 = 21.0, and IQR75 = 34.0; 69.3 % female) through an online self-report questionnaire. The dependent variables included socioeconomic, demographic, and anthropometric data. Sociocultural pressures and the internalization of appearance ideals were measured using the SATAQ-4, with body dissatisfaction as the independent variable. Statistical analyses involved non-parametric tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn's post hoc tests) and Spearman's correlation, with a significance level set at p < .05.

Results

Body dissatisfaction was 84.5 % prevalent. Dissatisfaction related to excess weight was associated with pressure from family (p < .001), friends (p = .001), the media (p < .001), and internalization of the thin ideal (p < .001). The median ideal athletic/muscular body was significantly higher in males than in females (p = .015), while median media pressure was higher in females compared to males (p = .001).