Alicia Mason, Elizabeth Spencer, Kristen Livingston, Treyton Meyers
{"title":"Exploring the web and language accessibility of medical tourism providers' websites: implications for online marketing and patient recruitment practices.","authors":"Alicia Mason, Elizabeth Spencer, Kristen Livingston, Treyton Meyers","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2025.2487376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2025.2487376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Web accessibility as an attribute of the digital presence of organizations has been studied across domains and contexts. Our study aims to add to existing lines of research inquiry by examining the web and language accessibility of medical tourism provider (MTP) websites commonly used to market and promote international medical tourism treatments and services globally.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to (1) systematically analyze the web and language accessibility of MTP online health messages and (2) discuss challenges and implications for medical tourists' user experiences when seeking health information online.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted an exploratory quantitative content analysis of web and language accessibility utilizing computer-assisted technology to systematically evaluate the home pages of international MTP websites (<i>n = </i>125) representing all six WHO Regions of Health.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Results show the problematic integration of CAPTCHA on 30% of the website home pages which are known accessibility barriers. Furthermore, 87% of the providers offered no accessibility policy statements to the users. The analysis revealed that nearly 70% of the MTPs averaged 6 or more WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility errors on the home page of the providers' websites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inaccessible online health information can amplify this vulnerability and exacerbate the existing digital divide experienced by prospective medical tourists. When medical tourism providers (MTPs) effectively communicate with global audiences by offering accessible and inclusive digital content, they enhance their reach and credibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megan M Griffith, Joseph Walden, Sophia M Liles, Zachary A Colton, Mary Ann Abrams, Ben McCorkle, Albert Phillips, Toyetta Barnard-Kirk, Leena Nahata, Susan E Creary
{"title":"A health literate evaluation of a reproductive health education program for young men with sickle cell disease.","authors":"Megan M Griffith, Joseph Walden, Sophia M Liles, Zachary A Colton, Mary Ann Abrams, Ben McCorkle, Albert Phillips, Toyetta Barnard-Kirk, Leena Nahata, Susan E Creary","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2025.2490419","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2025.2490419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health literacy (HL) is known to be low among those with sickle cell disease (SCD). Reproductive health knowledge gaps exist among those with SCD, which drove the research team to create an education tool for adolescent males entitled, 'Fertility edUcaTion to Understand ReproductivE health in Sickle cell disease' (FUTURES) in 2023. This study sought to evaluate and revise FUTURES using HL tools and a community-advised review to improve clarity, understandability, actionability, and relatability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four evaluators conducted a HL assessment of the original and revised FUTURES programs using the Patient Education Assessment Tool for Audio/Visual Materials (PEMAT-AV) and the modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clear Communication Index (CDC-CCI-modified). Paired samples t-tests were used to compare PEMAT-AV and CDC-CCI-modified scores between the original and revised versions of FUTURES. Community advisory board feedback identified opportunities to improve program design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HL assessment revealed high HL demand of the original FUTURES program. The revised program had significantly higher understandability and clarity scores and was re-designed to be more engaging and representative of the intended audience. However, the CDC-CCI-modified score fell below the recommended threshold and actionability remained unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study outlined an approach that prioritized HL and community voices when revising an education tool, which could be used in future efforts to design accessible and relatable patient education materials for this population and others. More work is needed to evaluate the impact of the HL revision process on patient knowledge and outcomes for this and other at-risk patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charalampos Milionis, Ioannis Ilias, Evaggelia Venaki, Eftychia Koukkou
{"title":"Communicating with transgender people within health care settings: clinical perspectives.","authors":"Charalampos Milionis, Ioannis Ilias, Evaggelia Venaki, Eftychia Koukkou","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2400436","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2400436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgender persons need to regularly interact with health services and practitioners for both gender-transition purposes and routine care. Communication between clinicians and patients is a key element of health care. However, barriers to communication with transgender people in the health care context are usual. They typically include a lack of willingness among health staff to care for trans patients, an adherence to cisnormativity and misgendering by clinicians, and the existence of a displeasing climate during the interaction. Miscommunication generates a series of adverse consequences, including the avoidance of health care by patients and the social marginalization of transgender people. The implementation of novel health policies and organizational restructuring are important steps to create a safe environment for the trans population within health systems. Modification of administrative procedures as well as training and advice for health practitioners are also necessary to facilitate communication with trans people and improve health outcomes among this underprivileged population. The establishment of a society with equal rights among its members and a life without discriminations is the ultimate goal.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"10-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The promise of AI in healthcare: transforming communication and decision-making for patients.","authors":"Mark Zezza","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2025.2452100","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2025.2452100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By addressing communication gaps, the integration of AI tools in healthcare has a greater ability to improve decision-making and to empower patients with more control over their health. Current systems for navigating healthcare - such as finding providers or understanding costs - are fragmented and cumbersome, often leaving patients frustrated and uninformed. An AI Healthcare Assistant App, leveraging advances in health IT interoperability, price transparency, and user-centred design, could simplify these processes. By integrating medical records, provider directories, cost data, and user preferences, the app could deliver tailored recommendations, schedule appointments, and even suggest alternatives based on patient feedback. However, widespread adoption of such tools faces challenges, particularly around data privacy and inclusivity. Effective communication strategies - emphasizing transparency, data ownership, and cultural tailoring - are crucial to building trust. Equitable design principles, such as low-literacy interfaces and device compatibility, ensure broader access. While the AI Healthcare Assistant App remains hypothetical, recent technological advances make it much more possible and its potential to revolutionize patient empowerment and healthcare communication is undeniable.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"6-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hospital personnel's experiences of using Easy Language in healthcare. A qualitative case study at a public hospital in Finland.","authors":"Tiina Valkendorff, Ulla Vanhatalo","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2431771","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2431771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The demand for simplified languages such as Easy Language has grown, also in healthcare. Despite this, very few studies have examined how healthcare personnel perceive Easy Language, or its effects on healthcare.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative case study was conducted in a Finnish hospital. The data consisted of 14 interviews with hospital management and operational staff on their experiences of implementing and using Easy Language in patient communication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the hospital personnel, the experiences of Easy Language use were mainly positive. The staff felt that patient instructions in Easy Language improved communication with customers. They were proud that the values of the hospital's strategy, especially customer orientation, were realized in practical work. However, operational-level personnel also reported certain challenges, especially regarding the adequacy of resources and training.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considering its modest financial investment, we conclude that the Easy Language project had a positive impact. The hospital staff were satisfied and perceived that health communication in the hospital had improved. Their positive reputation due to their use of Easy Language brought added value to their work. Further studies are needed to measure the direct customer experience and financial effects of using Easy Language.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Citizens' engagement in health risk communication and preventive behaviors: the mediating role of perceived shared responsibility in the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Yangzhi Nicole Jiang, Hyojung Park","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2434777","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2434777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In times of a public health emergency such as COVID-19, a government-centric approach may not be sufficient to contain the epidemic and ensure citizens' compliance. This study proposes a theoretical model that integrates individual-oriented, social-oriented, and community-oriented factors to predict individuals' engagement in preventive behaviors and citizen health emergency communication (CHEC). Perceived shared responsibility, which results from the communal nature of the pandemic, is tested as a mediator in the relationships between different motivations and behaviors in the context of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To test the model, an online survey with a quota sample of 1,301 adults reflecting the composition of the U.S. population was conducted via Qualtrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that perceived severity, self-efficacy, worry, and social support significantly increase the perception of shared responsibility, subsequently increasing individuals' adherence to preventive behaviors and their engagement in CHEC. In this process, shared responsibility serves as a mediator between some tested relationships between motivators and two types of behaviors (i.e. communication and prevention).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During a public health emergency, individuals' preventive behaviors and communication behaviors are determined by the individual-oriented (e.g. perceived severity), social-oriented (e.g. social support), and community-oriented (e.g. perception of shared responsibility) factors. In this mechanism, the perception of shared responsibility explains how some motivators influence individuals' communication and prevention behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"55-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meghan M JaKa, Maren S G Henderson, Jennifer M Dinh, Marna M Canterbury, Thomas E Kottke, Andrea C Anderson, Lowell Johnson, Nicolaas P Pronk, Jeanette Y Ziegenfuss
{"title":"Development of a stakeholder-engaged tool to evaluate community convening and promote community health.","authors":"Meghan M JaKa, Maren S G Henderson, Jennifer M Dinh, Marna M Canterbury, Thomas E Kottke, Andrea C Anderson, Lowell Johnson, Nicolaas P Pronk, Jeanette Y Ziegenfuss","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2411119","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2411119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health systems support community health and well-being, and while many commit resources to convening in support of community-engaged communication interventions, they currently lack tools to evaluate this effort. This report describes one health system's mixed-methods stakeholder-engaged development of robust yet pragmatic convening assessment tools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews and web surveys with key stakeholders informed a taxonomy of quality convening and accompanying survey tool. Initial evidence of validity and item variability were assessed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 3-item survey aligned with high-priority convening constructs was developed with adequate variability in initial item responses. A companion 21-construct taxonomy organized by domain and stakeholder also resulted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This project resulted in a taxonomy detailing the constructs of quality convening and an accompanying brief survey tool to meets the needs of groups convened by one health system. These tools provide a unique opportunity to measure the quality of community convening within the context of healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The importance of 'dread risk' for vaccine communication.","authors":"Ashleigh M Day, Julie E Volkman","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2393918","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2393918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perceptions of 'dread risk,' information source beliefs, and trust in these sources are important variables towards understanding vaccine attitudes. The main objective of this research was to learn the associations among these phenomena and, particularly, how these variables may impact our understanding of vaccine attitudes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the summer of 2020, a total of 336 (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 53.55; <i>SD</i><sub>age</sub> = 18.58) participants answered an online Qualtrics survey about their 'dread risk' perceptions of vaccines, their information source beliefs (e.g. credible, easy-to-access, etc.), trust in information sources, and vaccine attitudes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results suggest participants had generally low levels of negative vaccine attitudes (<i>M = </i>3.27; <i>SD </i>= 1.40). Regression analyses to predict negative vaccine attitudes found 'dread risk' perceptions to be the most significant predictor (<i>beta = </i>.61, <i>p </i>< .001), over and above information source beliefs and trust in information sources (<i>F</i> (9, 320) = 75.07, <i>p < </i>.001; adjusted <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = .67). Age was also significantly and negatively correlated with 'dread risk' (<i>r</i> = -.22, <i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that vaccine communication efforts should continue to identify individuals' 'dread risk' perceptions about vaccines and emphasize this content in messaging. Future research should aim to understand more about the relationships between negative vaccine attitudes, '<i>dread risk'</i> perceptions, information source beliefs, and trust in information sources to better predict vaccine-related decisions, (in)actions, and to support effective vaccine communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amy Henderson Riley, Richard W Hass, Dunia Tonob, Francesca Ciocco, Joseph J Bish
{"title":"Validating measurement of social norms for entertainment-education: a five-factor model.","authors":"Amy Henderson Riley, Richard W Hass, Dunia Tonob, Francesca Ciocco, Joseph J Bish","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2418199","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2024.2418199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Though the measurement of social norms is important for evaluating entertainment-education interventions, there is a dearth of validity evidence for measuring tools to assess different social norm constructs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Identical survey items were used to assess family planning norms among married Zambian women in 2019 and 2022 following an entertainment-education radio program intervention. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used for confirmation of the internal structure of several subscales used to measure social norms found in a previous study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant demographic differences between participant groups at T1 and T2. CFA supported a five-factor model at T2 comprising descriptive norms (4 items), outcome expectations (3 items), and 3 different constructs capturing injunctive norms (3 items each).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results indicate good structural validity evidence for measuring social norms in entertainment-education using existing tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"34-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The future of health and risk communication.","authors":"Renata Schiavo","doi":"10.1080/17538068.2025.2469947","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17538068.2025.2469947","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}