Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Photocatalytic Degradation of Paracetamol and Cefixime Trihydrate Drugs using Fe₂O₃-ZnO and Fe₂O₃-ZnO/Ag Nanocomposites.","authors":"Mansoor Farbod, Vahid Kargar Dehbidi","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2408-1814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2408-1814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pharmaceutical residues and their metabolites in water, even at low concentrations, is of concern due to their effects on the aquatic environment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study aimed to investigate the photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol and cefixime trihydrate drugs from aqueous media using nanocomposites.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this experimental study, the photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol and cefixime trihydrate drugs have been investigated using Fe₂O₃-ZnO and Fe₂O₃-ZnO/Ag nanocomposites. XRD, FESEM, EDS, elemental mapping (e-mapping) and UV-Visible analysis were used to characterize the nanocomposites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The photocatalytic performance efficiency of Fe₂O₃-ZnO and Fe₂O₃-ZnO/Ag nanocomposites was 45% and 72%, respectively, for paracetamol in 180 min. However, the photocatalytic performance efficiency of Fe₂O₃-ZnO and Fe₂O₃-ZnO/Ag nanocomposites for the degradation of cefixime trihydrate was 38% and 55%, respectively during 60 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fe₂O₃-ZnO and Fe₂O₃-ZnO/Ag nanocomposites demonstrated effective photocatalytic performance in the removal of paracetamol and cefixime trihydrate drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"103-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation Study on the Dynamics of Cavitation Bubbles in Multi-Frequency Ultrasound.","authors":"Hu Dong, Gang Liu, Gaofeng Peng","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2410-1841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2410-1841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy is an effective minimally invasive treatment technique.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This work aimed to present a theoretical foundation for transient cavitation control in HIFU treatment and investigate cavitation bubbles in multi-frequency ultrasound.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this theoretical study, the nonlinear vibrations of bubbles in different mediums (water, urine, kidney, and muscle) were simulated using Gilmore-Akulichev and modified Keller-Miksis equations. The dynamic changes of bubble radius during irradiation by multi-frequency combined ultrasound were analyzed, and the effects of multi-frequency ultrasound combinations and frequency differences on the maximum and minimum values of bubble expansion radius and bubble collapse time were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the same highest frequency, the triple-frequency produced the largest bubble expansion radius (R_max) while the single-frequency resulted in the smallest bubble expansion radius (R_min). At the same lowest frequency, the single-frequency had the biggest bubble expansion radius and the triple-frequency had the smallest bubble expansion radius. Compared to the combination with a large frequency difference at high frequency, the triple-frequency combination with a small frequency difference at low frequency exhibited a noticeably larger R_max, but R_min showed the opposite behavior. R_max/R_min decreased for the same ultrasonic combination when the medium viscosity increased. The bubble expansion radius ratio R_max/R_min was positively correlated with the bubble collapse time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a strong correlation between the frequency difference and the multi-frequency ultrasound combination and the maximum and minimum values of the cavitation bubble radius and the collapse time.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"185-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Non-Ionizing Radiations on Liver and Kidney Function Tests in an Animal Model.","authors":"Somayeh Farahani, Fatemeh Kadivar, Fatemeh Khajeh, Manzar Banoo Shojaeifard","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2407-1793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2407-1793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nowadays, the growing use of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation has raised concerns about its potential health effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this work, an animal model exposed to Wi-Fi and jammer signals was used to examine the effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation on kidney and liver function.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this experimental study, twenty-one male Wistar Albino rats were separated into three groups: Wi-Fi, jammer, and sham groups. The animals were exposed to electromagnetic radiation for two hours per day for two weeks. Blood samples and kidney and liver tissues were collected and analyzed for various biochemical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings of this study showed a mild inflammatory response in both tissues after exposure to the fields. However, no notable or serious alterations were noted in the groups under study. The Wi-Fi and jammer signals had no significant impact on creatinine, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, albumin/globulin ratio, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase levels. However, the jammer group revealed a notable decline in low-density lipoprotein compared to the sham group. Significant differences were observed in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase between the Wi-Fi and sham groups but not between the other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work emphasizes the importance of considering individual organ characteristics in response to electromagnetic radiation exposure. Prolonged or closer exposure to the radiation source may significantly affect the organ function.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"125-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WSN Technologies in Designing a Telemedicine Network.","authors":"Fatemeh Rabeifar","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2411-1852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2411-1852","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"203-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Various Methods of Lunotriquetral Stabilization Surgical Producers, A Finite Element Analysis.","authors":"Hamid Namazi, Mohammad Taghi Karimi, Mohammad Amin Mahdiyar","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2310-1676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2310-1676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with Lunotriquetral Interosseous Ligament (LTIL) injuries often experience wrist pain and carpal instability, resulting in challenging treatment. The optimal surgical approach has to be determined for addressing this condition.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study aimed to assess the postoperative outcomes of orthopedic devices in lunotriquetral fixation using a 3D model.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This computer simulation study aimed to develop a three-dimensional model of a normal wrist joint. The study then simulated LTIL tears and compared three surgical methods for fusing the lunate and triquetrum bones using a pin, a screw, and a combination of both.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on normal mechanistic behavior in terms of anteroposterior and mediolateral displacement of the lunate bone, the results are presented. However, the use of pin-fixation is significantly superior to the other methods with a displacement of 1.65 and 1.47 mm in fixation versus 0.32 and 0.64 mm in normal anatomy. This approach also significantly decreased the stress on the lunate bone and showed the least stress on the orthopedic device compared to other surgical approaches. For the triquetrum bone, pin fixation proved superior in controlling anteroposterior and vertical motions. This method also imposed significantly less stress on the triquetrum compared to using a screw or double instrumentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lunotriquetral fusion can be achieved using a pin, which provides better results than fusion with a screw or the combined use of a screw and pin.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"167-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Blue-Cut Lenses Safe for Children? Potential Effects on Eye Length and Refractive Disorders.","authors":"Mohsen Ostovari, Masoud Haghani, Seyed Alireza Mortazavi, Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2304-1606","DOIUrl":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2304-1606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blue-blocking lenses, including both spectacles and intraocular lenses, are designed to selectively reduce the intensity of short-wavelength visible light and UV radiation using a chromophore. Unlike standard spectacle lenses, which only offer varying degrees of UV protection, blue-blocking lenses provide additional benefits such as enhancing visual performance, reducing eye fatigue from digital screens, protecting the retina from phototoxicity, and minimizing disruption of the circadian rhythm caused by blue light-emitting devices used in the evening. Research has shown that the length of the eye tends to increase over time, especially during the first 10 months of life, indicating the importance of this period in eye development. The Purkinje shift is a phenomenon where the eye becomes more sensitive to blue light in the dark, and it is a normal physiological process. However, there is concern that prolonged use of blue-cut lenses in children may affect the development of eye length and contribute to an increase in refractive eye disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"199-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69459632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoring Functional Connectivity in Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Study of Low-Frequency rTMS Intervention.","authors":"Azadeh Ghalyanchi-Langeroudi, Elahé Yargholi, Maryam Soleimani, Amin Shahrokhi, Mohammad-Mehdi Mirbagheri","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2410-1840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2410-1840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy (HCP) causes significant motor impairments, due to disrupted Functional Connectivity (FC) between brain regions. Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (LF-rTMS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic technique for restoring FC and motor recovery.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LF-rTMS on FC in children with spastic HCP.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) included ten children with spastic HCP, aged 4 to 13 years. Six children received 12 sessions of LF-rTMS, while four in the control group underwent 12 sessions of sham stimulation. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) was used to assess intra- and interhemispheric FC during passive knee movements of the affected limb.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LF-rTMS induced region-specific reductions in interhemispheric FC, particularly between the contralesional ventral premotor area (cPMv) and both the ipsilesional primary somatosensory cortex (iS1) (for effect size T=-2.60, <i>P</i>-value=0.048, FDR-corrected) and the ipsilesional primary motor area (iM1) (T=-2.45, <i>P</i>-value=0.048, FDR-corrected). These findings suggest modulation of interhemispheric motor-sensory pathways. Concurrently, localized increases in FC were observed in contralesional regions, and FC decreased between the ipsilesional Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) and the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) (T=-3.11, <i>P</i>-value=0.041, FDR-corrected).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LF-rTMS may modulate FC and hold promise as a rehabilitative intervention for improving motor function in children with HCP.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"173-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Approach for Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Classification: An AI-Powered Tool using CNN-Transformer Fusion.","authors":"Khosro Rezaee, Fateme Farnami","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2408-1811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2408-1811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a diabetes complication, causes blindness by damaging retinal blood vessels. While deep learning has advanced DR diagnosis, many models face issues like inconsistent performance, limited datasets, and poor interpretability, reducing their clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning structure combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and transformer architecture to improve the accuracy, reliability, and generalizability of DR detection and severity classification.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This computational experimental study leverages CNNs to extract local features and transformers to capture long-range dependencies in retinal images. The model classifies five types of retinal images and assesses four levels of DR severity. The training was conducted on the augmented APTOS 2019 dataset, addressing class imbalance through data augmentation techniques. Performance metrics, including accuracy, Area Under the Curve (AUC), specificity, and sensitivity, were used for metric evaluation. The model's robustness was further validated using the IDRiD dataset under diverse scenarios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model achieved a high accuracy of 94.28% on the APTOS 2019 dataset, demonstrating strong performance in both image classification and severity assessment. Validation on the IDRiD dataset confirmed its generalizability, achieving a consistent accuracy of 95.23%. These results indicate the model's effectiveness in accurately diagnosing and assessing DR severity across varied datasets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered diagnostic tool improves diabetic patient care by enabling early DR detection, preventing progression and reducing vision loss. The proposed AI-powered diagnostic tool offers high performance, reliability, and generalizability, providing significant value for clinical DR management.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"137-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Friction for Nanocoated and Uncoated Ti-6Al-4V Substrates via the Modified Pin-on-Disk Technique for Transfemoral Implants.","authors":"Muntadher Saleh Mahdi, Dunya Abdulsahib Hamdi","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2401-1712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2401-1712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nanocoating of biomedical materials has emerged as a crucial emerging discipline, to enhance tribological behaviors, durability, and performance of materials.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the tribological characteristics of substrates coated with Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and Silica glass (SiO2).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this experimental study, the substrates were Ti-6Al-4V, a widely used titanium alloy for osseointegration implants. The substrates were coated with 90% HAp and 10% SiO2 via the plasma cold spray technique. The friction examination was analyzed at room temperature and under the Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) condition using the pin-on-disc technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The microstructural analysis confirmed the coated technique in producing a nano-sized layer. While the pin-on-disc test indicates that nanocoated Ti-6Al-4V specimens have a significantly higher average coefficient of friction than uncoated specimens, surface roughness is the primary contributor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through microstructure properties and tribological behavior, the coated alloy may provide a benefit in circumstances, in which lubrication availability is restricted or undesirable, such as when the implant comes into contact with the bone interface.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Discrimination of Visual-Evoked Potentials Using Cross-Coherence Analysis.","authors":"Ahmed Fadhil Almurshedi","doi":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2501-1877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2501-1877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cross-coherence is used to evaluate the correlation between two sources of signals and to evaluate the power transfer between input and output of two linear sources. Visual evoked potential (VEP) is used to study the visual pathway of patients according to the ISCEV standard.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The cross-coherence analysis is used to examine the interconnections between channels across two age groups mature and young.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This experimental and analysis study implements a statistical method based on coherence analysis horizontally, vertically, and diagonally across the brain hemisphere. It investigates and discriminates the VEP responses related to age in two groups, matured and young.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The coherence results compared in both the time and frequency domains for the two age groups. In the young age group, there is greater coherence between the occipital lobes compared to the frontal lobes in horizontal coherence. The diagonal coherence in the young age group was less than 0.4, whereas it exceeded 0.4 and 0.5 in the mature age group for the time and frequency domains, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The frequency coherence shows the spectrum of an alpha wave of frequency 15 Hz in the matured group. The vertical coherence of matured age group shows an extra peak in the range of late Alpha wave at 25 Hz compared to that in the young age group. The diagonal coherence shows the frequency peak of the Alpha wave at 15 Hz in the matured age group. While the young group shows the late Alpha wave at around 25 Hz.</p>","PeriodicalId":38035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering","volume":"15 2","pages":"159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}